بررسی تغییرات آلیسین و فلاونوئید و جذب روزانه سلنیوم در گیاه سیر (Allium sativum L.) تحت تأثیر تیمارهای کود سلنیومی و تلقیح میکوریزایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشگاه لرستان

3 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

چکیده

امروزه تحقیقات زیادی برای جایگزینی مواد شیمیایی با مواد طبیعی در راستای کاهش ترکیبات سنتزی در مواد غذایی انجام می‌شود. گیاه سیر به علت داشتن ترکیبات آلیسین، فلاونوئید و قابلیت انباشت سلنیوم، در صنعت غذا و دارو اهمیت زیادی دارد. در این تحقیق با اعمال تیمارهای کود سلنیوم در سه سطح صفر (شاهد)، 100 و 200 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر و تلقیح مایکوریزا آربکسولار در دو سطح بر روی دو اکوتیپ سیر (رامهرمز و دزفول) به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی به بررسی تغییر ترکیبات مؤثر و عملکرد سیر پرداخته شد. بیشترین مقادیر فلاونوئید (618/27 میلی‌گرم برگرم) و آلیسین (17/5 میلی‌گرم بر میلی‌لیتر) در اکوتیپ دزفول و بیشترین مقدار جذب روزانه سلنیوم (08/11 میکروگرم بر کیلوگرم در روز) در اکوتیپ رامهرمز مشاهده شد. همزیستی میکوریزا همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار با فلاونوئید و وزن پیاز سیر در سطح  یک درصد  و با آلیسین در سطح پنج درصد به دست آمد. اما با جذب روزانه در سطح پنج درصد عکس شد و همچنین کاربرد کود سلنیوم با افزایش جذب روزانه سلنیوم و فلاونوئید موجود در پیاز سیر به ترتیب در سطح یک درصد و پنج درصد معنی‌دار شد و با مقدار آلیسین همبستگی منفی در سطح یک درصد دارد. اکوتیپ دزفول عملکرد بهتری به لحاظ افزایش عملکرد سیر داشت و اختلاف دو اکوتیپ نیز در سطح یک درصد معنی‌دار بود. با توجه به نتایج متفاوت اعمال تیمارها، اگر هدف تولید سیری غنی از هر یک ترکیبات سلنیوم، فلاونوئید و آلیسین  باشد، کاهش برخی از ارزش­های غذایی و تغییر نوع اکوتیپ اجتناب‌ناپذیر می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Allicin and Flavonoid Variations and Selenium Daily Uptake in Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) By Selenium Fertilizer Treatments and Mycorrhizal Inoculation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali chamannejadian 1
  • mohmmad feizian 2
  • omidali akbarpour 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate of soil chemistry, Department of Soil Science Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran
2 Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, numerous studies are being done to replace chemicals with natural substances in order to reduce synthetic compounds in food. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important bulb vegetable because of its high concentration of allicin, flavonoids and selenium accumulation. This research was carried out to investigate the effects of two levels of mycorrhiza (inoculation and non-inoculated), three levels of selenium (0 as control, 100 and 200 mg/l) on two ecotypes (Ramhormoz and Dezful) in terms of flavonoid, allicin, daily intake of selenium and yield of garlic. The experiment was performed as factorial in the form of completely randomized design. The highest values of flavonoid (27.618 mg/g) and Allicin (5.17 mg/g) were observed in Dezful ecotype and the highest daily selenium uptake (11.08 mg/kg) was observed in Ramhormez ecotype. Mycorrhizal inoculation was significantly and positively correlated with flavonoid and garlic yield at 1% level and with allicin at 5% level, but it was reversed with daily selenium uptake (EDI) at 5 % level. Also, application of selenium fertilizer showed a positive and significant correlation with increasing daily selenium uptake and flavonoids in garlic Bulbs at 1 and 5% levels, respectively. But, it has inverse correlation with allicin content at 1 % level. Dezful ecotype had a better performance in terms of garlic weight and garlic cloves weight and there was a significant difference between two ecotypes at 1 % level. Finally, due to different effects of the treatments, if the purpose is to produce garlic enriched with Se, flavonoid or allicin, a decrease in some nutritional values and a change in ecotype must be accepted.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Garlic
  • Allicin
  • Flavonoid
  • Selenium
  • Mycorrhizal

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 51، شماره 6
شهریور 1399
صفحه 1567-1577

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