تأثیر هماتیت خالص و تثبیت‌شده با کربوکسی متیل سلولز بر رشد و جذب عناصر غذایی گیاه ذرت در خاک‌های آلوده به نیکل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی، تبریز، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه علوم محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

سمی بودن نیکل در محصولات کشاورزی یکی از مشکلات متداول در سال­های اخیر هست. با این حال مطالعات اندکی در خصوص تأثیر اکسیدهای آهن بر کاهش سمی بودن نیکل در محصولات کشاورزی انجام گرفته است. لذا پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی کارایی هماتیت خالص و تثبیت­شده با سدیم کربوکسی متیل سلولز (Na-CMC) در کاهش تحرک و گیاه فراهمی نیکل و تأثیر آن­ها بر برخی صفات زراعی، غلظت عناصر فسفر، پتاسیم، آهن، روی و نیکل گیاه ذرت انجام شد. بدین­منظور یک آزمایش فاکتوریل با دو فاکتور نوع و مقدار جاذب (دو نوع جاذب شامل هماتیت خالص (H) و تثبیت­شده با Na-CMC (H-CMC) هر یک در چهار مقدار (0، 25/0، 5/0 و 1 درصد) و فاکتور غلظت­های مختلف نیکل (25، 75، 125، 175 و 325 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد، با افزایش غلظت نیکل کل خاک، متوسط ارتفاع ساقه، وزن خشک بخش هوایی و ریشه و غلظت عناصر پتاسیم، فسفر، آهن و روی بخش هوایی گیاه ذرت کاهش و غلظت نیکل افزایش یافت. در سطح آلوده به 325 میلی­گرم نیکل بر کیلوگرم، غلظت پتاسیم، فسفر، آهن و روی بخش هوایی به­ترتیب حدود 56/43، 98/47، 79/73 و 03/86 درصد و ارتفاع ساقه و وزن خشک بخش هوایی به­ترتیب حدود 86/36 و 56/42 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد کاهش یافت. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد جاذب­ها در خاک باعث افزایش غلظت عناصر پتاسیم، فسفر، آهن و روی و کاهش غلظت نیکل در گیاه ذرت گردید. با کاربرد 5/0 درصد جاذب H-CMC، غلظت نیکل بخش هوایی و ریشه گیاه ذرت کشت شده در این تیمار به­ترتیب 61/52 و 84/46 درصد کاهش و به­دنبال آن غلظت پتاسیم، فسفر، آهن و روی بخش هوایی به­ترتیب حدود 55/20، 68/18، 66/61 و 81/48 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد افزایش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Non-stabilized and Carboxymethylcellulose-stabilized Hematite on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Maize in Ni-contaminated Soils

نویسندگان [English]

  • Solmaz Bidast 1
  • Ahmad Golchin 2
  • Ahmad bybordi 3
  • Abbasali Zamani 4
1 PhD Student,, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Prof., Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Assistant Prof., Soil and Water Research Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran
4 Associate prof. Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Nickel toxicity in agricultural crops is one of the most common problems in recent years. However, few studies have been conducted on the effect of iron oxides on the reduction of nickel toxicity in crops. The goals of this research were to investigate the effects of non-stabilized and Na carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC)-stabilized hematite on mobility reduction and phytoavailability of nickel and to study their effects on some agronomic traits, concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc and nickel in maize. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with three replications. The experimental factors were types and dosages of adsorbents; two types of adsorbents including non-stabilized (H) and Na-CMC-stabilized hematite (H-CMC) at four levels (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1%) and different levels of soil total Ni (25, 75, 125, 175 and 325 mg kg-1). The results showed that with increasing total soil nickel concentration, shoot height, shoot and root dry weight and concentrations of potassium, phosphorus, iron and zinc in the shoot of maize were decreased and nickel concentration increased. At the contaminated level of 325 mg/kg nickel, concentrations of potassium, phosphorus, iron and zinc were decreased about 43.56, 47.98, 73.79 and 86.03%, respectively, and shoot height and dry weight were decreased about 36.86 and 42.56% respectively as compared to control treatment. The results also showed that the application of adsorbents in soil increased the concentration of K, P, Fe and Zn and decreased the concentration of nickel in maize. By applying 0.5% H-CMC, the concentration of nickel in the shoot and root of maize decreased by 52.61 and 46.84% respectively, followed by the concentration of potassium, phosphorus, iron and zinc in the shoot increased about 20.55, 18.68, 61.66 and 48.81% respectively, as compared to control treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hematite
  • Maize
  • Nickel toxicity
  • Nutrients
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