تأثیر باکتری‌های محرک رشد گیاه جداسازی شده از دیم‌زارها بر فسفر قابل جذب و برخی از صفات فیزیولوژیک و رشدی گیاه گندم در تنش کم‌آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

تنش­های کم‌آبی، شوری و عدم تغذیه بهینه عناصر غذایی به­خصوص فسفر ازجمله چالش‌‌های مهم برای تولید گندم در دیم­زارهای ایران می­باشد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر سه سویه باکتری محرک رشد گیاه بر فسفر قابل دسترس خاک و نیز برخی از صفات فیزیولوژیک و رشدی گیاه گندم انجام شد. برای این منظور آزمایش گلدانی به­صورت فاکتوریل سه عامله شامل تنش کم‌آبی در دو سطح، مصرف کود فسفره در 6 سطح و سویه­های باکترهایی­ محرک رشد گیاه در 4 سطح و در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در مدت 125 روز اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که در تنش کم‌آبی 55 درصد ظرفیت زراعی (FC) و بدون استفاده از کود فسفره، تیمار باکتری Staphylococcus succinus نسبت به شاهد به­ترتیب باعث افزایش 4/2، 9/4، 7/2 برابری فسفر قابل دسترس، جذب فسفر ریشه و دانه شد. در تیمار رطوبتی 80 درصد  FCو بدون استفاده از کود فسفره، تیمار­هایS. succinus، Bacillus safensisو  B. pumilusنسبت به شاهد به­ترتیب باعث افزایش 6/1، 6/1 و 6/1 برابری فسفر قابل دسترس، 1/3، 1/3 و 9/2 برابری جذب فسفر ریشه و 2/2، 4/2، 2/2 برابری جذب فسفر دانه شد. بیشترین میزان وزن خشک ریشه، اندام هوایی و دانه به­ترتیب با مقادیر 3/5، 2/18 و 6/4 گرم بر گلدان در تیمار حداکثری کود فسفره (F4) به­دست آمد. در تنش کم­آبی 55 درصد FC، تیمار باکتری­ S. succinus نسبت به شاهد به­ترتیب 8، 9/31، 4/20 و 5/25 درصد میزان پرولین، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک دانه و جذب فسفر اندام هوایی گیاه را افزایش داد. در کل استفاده از S. succinus strain R12N2 برای افزایش تولید گندم در دیم­زارها مناسب به نظر می­رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Isolated from Dryland Farming on Available Phosphorus and Some Physiological and Growth Traits of Wheat under Water-Deficit Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ebrahim Shirmohammadi 1
  • Hosseinali Alikhani 1
  • Ahmad Ali Pourbabaee 2
  • Hassan Etesami 1
1 Department of Soli Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Department of Soli Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Drought, salinity and essential plant nutrient stresses especially phosphorus (P) are the most important challenges for wheat production in dryland farming of Iran. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of three plant growth promoting bacteria strains on soil available-P, as well as some of the physiological and growth traits of wheat under water-deficit stress. For this purpose, a pot experiment was carried out as factorial arrangement with three factors including: water deficit stress at two levels, application of P-fertilizer at six levels and strains of plant growth promoting bacteria at four levels, based on completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications within 125 days. The results show at the water deficit stress of 55% field capacity (FC) and without P-fertilizer application, bacterial treatment of Staphylococcus succinus compared to control increased available-P, P-uptake of root and grain by 2.4, 4.9 and 2.7 times respectively. At moisture treatment of 80% FC and without P-fertilizer application, treatments of Bacillus pumilus, B.safensis and S. succinus compared to control, increased available-P by 1.6, 1.6 and 1.6 times; P-uptake of root by 3.1, 3.1 and 2.9 times; P-uptake of grain by 2.2, 2.4 and 2.2 times, respectively. Maximum dry weight of root, shoot and grain (5.3, 18.2 and 4.6 g pot-1, respectively) were obtained at the maximum level of P-fertilizer treatment (F4). At the water deficit stress of 55% FC, bacterial treatment of S. succinus compared to control increased prolin, root dry weight, grain dry weight and P-uptake of shoot up to 8, 31.9, 20.4 and 25.5 percent, respectively. Generally, the use of Staphylococcus succinus strain R12N2 seems to be appropriate for increasing wheat production in dryland farming.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phosphate solubilizing bacteria
  • Rock phosphate
  • Phosphorus uptake
  • Proline
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