بررسی بیلان جرمی نیتروژن نیتراتی (NO3-N) بین زهاب خروجی و خاک تحت‏ تأثیر کاربرد بقایای خام پسته و بیوچار آن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

5 استادیار مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران

چکیده

اختلال در بیلان چرخه نیتروژن بر روند کلی توسعه پایدار تأثیر منفی داشته و استفاده از مواد اصلاحی برای کاهش این ‏مخاطرات ضروری می‏باشد. به منظور بررسی اثر چند ماده اصلاحی و شوری آب آبیاری بر بیلان جرمی نیترات، یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها شامل سه سطح ماده اصلاحی (صفر، 5/7 گرم بقایای پسته در کیلوگرم خاک و 5/7 گرم بیوچار در کیلوگرم خاک) و چهار سطح شوری آب آبیاری 5/0 (آب شهر)، 5/5، 8 و 5/10 دسی­زیمنس بر متر بود. به تمام ستون­ها دو نهال پسته منتقل و سپس در سه مرحله و در هر مرحله 25 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم نیتروژن از منبع نیترات پتاسیم به آن‌ها اضافه شد. پس از اضافه کردن نیتروژن، در زمان‏های مختلف، اندازه­گیری نیترات صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بقایای خام پسته و بیوچار آن، خروج نیترات از خاک را به ترتیب 9 و 52 درصد نسبت به شاهد افزایش دادند. غلظت نیترات با خروج حدود 60 درصد زهاب (حدود 7 ساعت بعد)، به کمترین مقدار رسیده، سپس تا خروج کامل ثابت باقی‌ ما‌ند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of No3–N Mass Balance Between Effluent and Soil Affected by Application of Raw Pistachio Residues and Its Biochar

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Sanaei Ardekani 1
  • Mahdi Shorafa 2
  • Abdolmajid Liaghat 3
  • Mohsen Farahbakhsh 4
  • Farhad Dehghani 5
1 PhD Student of Soil Science Department, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
2 Professor of Soil Science Department, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
3 Professor of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
4 Associate Professor of Soil Science Department, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
5 Assistant Professor, National Salinity Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran
چکیده [English]

Disturbance in nitrogen cycle balance has a negative impact on the overall trend of sustainable development and the use of soil amendments is necessary to reduce these hazards. In order to investigate the effect of some amendments and irrigation water salinity on mass nitrate balance, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replicates was conducted. The treatments consisted of three levels of soil amendments (zero, 7.5 g/kg of raw pistachio residues and 7.5 g/kg of its biochar) and four salinity levels of irrigation water 0.5 (tap water), 5.5, 8 and 10.5 dS/m. Two pistachio seedlings were transferred to all columns and then in three stages and in each stage, 25 mg/kg N of potassium nitrate was added to the soil. After adding nitrogen, nitrate measurements were done in different times. The results indicated that the pistachio residuals and its biochar increased nitrate outflow from the soilby 9% and 52%, respectively. The nitrate concentration with the exit of about 60% of the drainage water (about 7 hours later) reached the lowest, then remained constant until complete exit.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cadmium column
  • Nitrate leaching
  • Pyrolysis process
  • Soil nitrate
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