اثر اسید سیتریک، نیتریلو تری استیک اسید و پلی اکریل آمید آنیونی بر گیاه‌پالایی نیکل به وسیله ذرت و آفتابگردان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

آلودگی خاک از معضلات مهم جوامع امروزی بوده که یکی از آلاینده‌های جدی در این زمینه نیکل می‌باشد. گیاه‌پالایی از جمله روش‌های پیشنهادی است که با انباشت آلاینده در گیاهان، خروج آن‌ها را از خاک‌های آلوده امکان‌پذیر می‌سازد. در مورد آلاینده‌های فلزات سنگین استفاده از عوامل کلات‌کننده در خاک می‌تواند کارآیی این روش را افزایش دهد. هدف این مطالعه بررسی گیاه‌پالایی نیکل از خاک به وسیله گیاه ذرت و آفتابگردان در حضور دو سطح اسید سیتریک (CA) (5 و 10 میلی‌مول بر کیلو‌گرم خاک)، دو سطح نیتریلو تری استیک اسید (NTA) (5/2 و 5 میلی‌مول بر کیلوگرم خاک) و دو سطح آنیون پلی اکریل آمید (APAM) (07/0 و 14/0 گرم بر کیلو‌گرم خاک) و تیمار شاهد بدون اعمال کلات، می‌باشد. این آزمایش به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در خاک آلوده شده به نیکل (200 میلی‌گرم بر کیلو‌گرم خاک از منبع نیترات نیکل) در شرایط گلخانه انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که مؤثرترین کلات در افزایش عملکرد ذرت (ارتفاع، وزن تر، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و وزن خشک ریشه) تیمار NTA با غلظت 5 میلی‌مول بر کیلوگرم خاک بوده و بیشترین میزان افزایش عملکرد آفتابگردان نسبت به تیمار شاهد با اعمال کلات CA به دست آمد. NTA در غلظت‌ زیاد بیشترین تأثیر را در افزایش فراهمی نیکل، جذب نیکل در اندام هوایی و جذب کل در هردو گیاه نسبت به دو تیمار CA و APAM داشت. بنابراین استفاده از گیاه ذرت و کاربرد NTA در غلظت زیاد توانست باعث تجمع بیشتر نیکل، افزایش فاکتور انتقال و پالایش در گیاه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Citric Acid, Nitrilotriacetic acid and Anion Polyacrylamide on Phytoremediation of Nickel by Maize and Sunflower

نویسندگان [English]

  • elham mohebbi najmabadi 1
  • amir fotovat 2
  • Akram Halajnia 3
1 MSc. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Soil contamination is one of the most important problems of modern societies. One of the serious pollutants in this area is nickel. Phytoremediation is one of the proposed methods that allow pollutants to be removed from the contaminated soils with pollutant accumulation in plants. In the case of heavy metal contamination, the use of soil chelating agents can increase the efficiency of this method. The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake of nickel from soil by maize (Zea maize) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) in the presence of two levels of citric acid (5 and 10 mmol kg-1 soil), two levels of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) (2.5 and 5 mmol kg-1 soil) and two levels of anion polyacrylamide (APAM) (0.07 and 0.14 g kg-1 soil). Control treatment was performed without chelate. This experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with three replications in soils contaminated with nickel (200 mg Ni kg-1 soil, added as Ni (NO3)2) under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the most effective chelate in increasing the yield of maize (plant height, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root) was NTA chelate at its highest concentration. The highest increase of sunflower yield was obtained by applying CA chelate. NTA at high concentrations had the greatest effect on nickel available, nickel accumulation of shoot and total absorption in both plants compared to CA and APAM treatments. Based on the results, the use of maize and application of NTA at highest concentrations resulted a higher accumulation of nickel and increased transfer and refinement factors in the proposed plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phytoremediation
  • Heavy metals
  • Chelat
  • Translocation factor
  • Refinement factor
Allah Dadi, I. (2002). Investigating the Effect of Super-Adsorption Hydrogel on Drought Stress in Plants. Proceedings of the Second Specialized Training Course on Agricultural and Industrial Application of Super Absorbent Hydrogels, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Research Institute (In Farsi).
Allison, L. E. and Moodie, C. D. (1965). Carbonate, Black Methods of soil analyses. P 1379-1396.
Alloway, B. J. (1995). Heavy Metals in Soils (2nd Ed.). Blackie Academic and Professional, Glasgow, UK.
Andreu, V. and Gimeno-Garcia, E. (1996). Total content and extractable factions of cadmium, cobalt, nickel, lead and zinc in calcareous soils. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 27, 2633-2648.
Baker, A. J. M., Reeves, R. D. and Hajar, A. S. M (1994). Heavy metal accumulation and tolerance in British populations of the metallophyte Thlaspi caerulescens J. and C. Presl (Brassicaceae). New Phytologist, 127(1), 61-68.
Bouyoucos, C. J. (1962). Hydrometer method improved for making particle-size analysis of soil. Agronomy Journal, 54(5), 464-465.
Bucheli-Witschel, M. and Egli, T. (2001). Environmental fate and microbial degradation of aminopolycarboxylic acids. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 25(1), 69-106.
Chen, C., Huang, D., and Liu, J. 2009. Functions and toxicity of nickel in plants: recent advances and future prospects. Clean-soil, air, water. 37: 4-5. 304-313.
Cheng, G. L., Ma, X. F., Sun, X. B., and Zhao, S. Q. 2012. Effects of EDTA, EDDS and Citric Acid on Growth of Maize and Uptake of Lead by Maize in Contaminated Soil. In Advanced Materials Research, 534: 277-280.
Escande, V., Garoux, L., Grison, C., Thillier, Y., Debart, F., Vasseur, J. and Grison, C. (2014). Ecological catalysis and pHytoextraction: symbiosis for future. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 146, 279-288.
Fine, p., Paresh, R., Beriozkin, A. and Hass, A. (2014). Chelant-enhanced heavy metal uptake by eucalyptus trees under controlled deficit irrigation. Science of the Total Environment, 493, 995-1005.
Ghasemi, SH. (2012). Preparation of Distribution Map of Pb, Cadmium and Nickel Metals in Agricultural Lands of South of Tehran Using Ground and GIS. Master's thesis, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Shahed University. (In Farsi)
Gonz´alez, I., Neaman, A., Cortes, A. and Rubio, P. (2014). Effect of compost and biodegradable chelate addition on pHytoextraction of copper by Oenothera picensis grown in Cu-contaminated acid soils. Chemosphere, 95, 111–115.
Goyer, R. A. (1991). Toxic effects of metals, in, Casarett and Doull's Toxicology, New York, P 623-680.
Helalia, A., and J. Letey. 1988; Cationic polymer effects on infiltration rates with a rainfall simulator. Soil Science Society of America Journal 52: 247-250
Hsiao, K. H., Kao, P. H. and Hseu, Z. Y. (2007). Effects of chelators on chromium and nickel uptake by Brassica juncea on serpentine-mine tailings for phytoextraction.Journal of Hazardous Materials,148(1-2): 366-376.
Huang, J. W., Blaylock, M. J., Kapulnik, Y. and Ensley, B. D. (1998). Phytoremediation of uranium-contaminated soils: role of organic acids in triggering uranium hyperaccumulation in plants. Environmental Science and Technology, 32(13), 2004-2008.
Karimi, A. (1993). Investigating the Effect of Igeta Correction on Some Physical Properties of Soil and Plant Growth. MSc thesis, University of Tehran, Iran (In Persian).
Kalra, Y. P. 1998 Handbook of reference methods for plant analysis Boca Raton, CRC Press.
Ker, K., and Charest, C. 2010. Nickel remediation by AM-colonized sunflower. Mycorrhiza, 20: 399-406.
Komarek, M., Tlustos, P., Szakova, J., Chrastny, V. and Ettler, V. (2007). The use of maize and poplar in chelant- enhanced phytoextraction of lead from contaminated agricultural soils. Chemosphere, 67(4), 640-651.
Lan, J., Zhang, S., Lin, H., Li, T., Xu, X., Li, Y. and Gong, G. (2013). Efficiency of biodegradable EDDS, NTA and APAM on enhancing the phytoextraction of cadmium by Siegesbeckia orientalis L. grown in Cd-contaminated soils. Chemosphere, 91(9), 1362-1367.
Lee, J. H., Hossner, L. R., Attrep, J. M. and Kung, K. S. (2002). Comparative uptake of plutonium from soils by Brassica juncea and Helianthus annuus. Environmental Pollution, 120(2), 173-182.
Lindsay, W. L. and Norvell, W. A. (1978). Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Journal of Soil Science Society America, 42(3), 421-428.
Litvinovich, A. V. and Pavlova, O. Y. (1995). Cultivation of cotton in zone affected by industry. Agrochimia, 12, 105-110.
Liu, D., Islam, E., Li, T., Yang, X., Jin, X. and Mahmood, Q. (2008). Comparison of synthetic chelators and low molecular weight organic acids in enhancing phytoextraction of heavy metals by two ecotypes of Sedum alfredii Hance. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 153(1-2), 114-122.
Lotfy, S. M., Zhran, M. A., and Abdel‐Sabour, M. (2014). Influence of Some Chelators on the Phytoextraction Ability of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) for Nickel‐Contaminated Soil. Remediation Journal, 25(1), 101-114.
Matraszek, R., Hawrylak-Nowak, B., Chwil, S., and Chwil, M. 2016. Macronutrient composition of nickel-treated wheat under different sulfur concentrations in the nutrient solution. Environ. Science. Pollut. Res. 23: 6. 5902-5914.
Meers, E., Ruttens, A., Hopgood, M. J., Samson, D. and Tack, F. M. G. (2005). Comparison of EDTA and EDDS as potential soil amendments for enhanced phytoextraction of heavy metals, Chemosphere, 58(8), 1011-1022.
Metanat Jahromi, K. (2013). The effect of organic acids on the phytoremediation of lead and nickel by Corn, Master's thesis, University of Shiraz, Iran (In Farsi).
Mohammadpour, G., Karbassi, A., and Baghvand, A. 2016. Pollution intensity of nickel in agricultural soil of Hamedan region. CJES. 14: 15-24.
Moral, R., Robert, J. G. and Caselles, J. M. (2002). A comparison of extractants for heavy metals in contaminated soils from Spain. Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 33(15-18), 2781-2791.
Nancharaiah, Y. V., Schwarzenbeck, N., Mohan, T. V. K., Narasimhan, S. V., Wilderer, P. A. and Venugopalan, V. P. (2006) Biodegradation of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and ferric–NTA complex by aerobic microbial granules. Water Research, 40(8), 1539-1546.
Neugschwandtner, R. W., Tlustos Komarek, M. and Sz akova, J. (2008). Phytoextraction of Pb and Cd from a contaaminated agricultural soil using different EDTA application regimes laboratory versus field scale measures of efficiency. Geoderma, 144(3-4), 446-454.
Nowack B., Schulin R., and Robinson B.H. (2006). Critical assessment of chelant-enhanced metal phytoextraction. Environmental Science and Technology, 40:5225-5232.
Potters, G., Pasternak, TP., Guisez, Y., Plame, KJ. and Jansen, M.A.K. (2007). Stress-indused morphogenic responses: growing out of trouble? Plant Science, 12, 98-105.
Quartacci, M. F., Baker, A. J. M. and Navari-Izzo, F. (2005). Nitriloacetate and citric acid assisted phytoextraction of cadmium by Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Chemosphere, 59(9), 1249-1255.
Raju, K. M., Raju, M. P. and Mohan, Y. M. (2002). Synthesis and water absorbency of crosslinked superabsorbent polymers. Journal Applied Polymers Science, 85(8), 1795-1801.
Seregin I.V., and Kozhevnikova A.D. (2006). Physiological role of nickel and its toxic effects on higher plants. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 53:257-2.
Shahid, M., Pinelli, E. and Dumat, C. (2012). Review of Pb availability and toxicity to plants in relation with metal speciation, role of synthetic and natural organic ligands. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 219, 1-12.
Shakoor, M. B., Ali, S., Hameed, A., Farid, M., Hussain, S., Yasmeen, T. and Abbasi, G. H. (2014). Citric acid improves lead (Pb) phytoextraction in Brassica napus L. by mitigating Pb-induced morphological and biochemical damages. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 109, 38-47.
Shen, Z. G., Li, X. D., Wang, C. C., Chen, H. M., and Chua, H. (2002). Lead phytoextraction from contaminated soils with high-biomass plant species. Journal Environmental Quality, 31(6), 1893-1900.
Sheng, X.F., Xia, J.J., Jiang, C.Y., He, L.Y., and Qian, M. 2008. Characterization of heavy metal-resistant endophytic bacteria from rape (Brassica napus) roots and their potential in promoting the growth and lead accumulation of rape. Environment. Pollution. 156: 3. 1164-1170.
Sinegani, A.A.S., and Hosseinpur, A. (2010). Evaluation of effect of different sterilization methods on soil biomass phosphorus extracted with NaHCO3. Plant Soil Environ.
Sun, Y. B., Zhou, Q., Jing, A., Liu, W. and Liu, R. (2009). Chelator-enhanced phytoextraction of heavy metals from contaminated soil irrigated by industrial wastewater with the hyperaccumulator plant (sedum alfredii Hance). Geoderma, 150(1-2), 106-112.
Vamerali, T., Bandiera, M. and Mosca, G. (2010). Field crops for phytoremediation of metal-contaminated land, A review. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 8(1), 1-17.
Walkley, A. and Black, I. A. (1934). Examination of the degtjareff method determining soil organic matter and aproposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37(1), 29-38.
Woodhouse, J. and Johnson, M. S. 1991; Effect ofsuperabsorbent polymers on survival and growth of cropseedings. Agricultural Water Management. 20:63-70.
Wu, L. H., Luo, Y. M., Christie, P. and Wong, M. H. (2003). Effects of EDTA and low molecular weight organic acids on soil solution properties of a heavy metal polluted soil. ChemospHere, 50(6), 819-822.
Xia, H. J. (2004). Study on sand water retention improved polyacrylamide. Water Resour and Hydropower Northeast China, 22, 57–58.
Yusuf, M., Fariduddin, Q., Hayat, S., and Ahmad, A. 2011. Nickel: an overview of uptake, essentiality and toxicity in plants. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 86: 1-17.