تأثیر شوری و آب مغناطیسی بر عملکرد و کارآیی مصرف آب گیاه زیره سبز (مطالعه موردی: منطقه کاشمر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب، مرکز آموزش عالی کاشمر، کاشمر، ایران

2 مدرس و کارشناس آزمایشگاه، گروه مهندسی آب، مرکز آموزش عالی کاشمر، کاشمر، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر میدان مغناطیسی و سطوح مختلف شوری آب آبیاری بر عملکرد و کارآیی مصرف آب زیره سبز، آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک­های کاملاً تصادفی و با سه تکرار در سال زراعی95-1394در مرکز آموزش عالی کاشمر انجام شد. در این آزمایش تیمار اصلی سطوح مختلف شوری آب شامل: (S1) 5/0 دسی­زیمنس بر متر به عنوان شاهد،(S2)  6 دسی­زیمنس بر متر، (S3) 8 دسی­زیمنس بر متر و (S4) 10 دسی­زیمنس بر متر و تیمار فرعی میدان مغناطیسی (M1) و بدون مغناطیس (M2) در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که آبیاری با آب مغناطیس باعث افزایش عملکرد زیره در مقایسه با تیمارهای بدون استفاده از آب مغناطیسی شد، به طوری که حداکثر عملکرد دانه زیره سبز در تیمار (S1M1) به میزان 1085 کیلوگرم در هکتار و حداقل عملکرد در تیمار (S4M2) به میزان 530 کیلوگرم حاصل گردید. همچنین حداقل مقدار عملکرد بیولوژیک در تیمار  (S4M2)به میزان 1295 و حداکثر آن در تیمار (S1M1) به میزان 2215 کیلوگرم در هکتار بدست آمد. میزان کاهش عملکرد در شوری­های آب آبیاری 6، 8 و 10 دسی­زیمنس بر متر و در شرایط آب مغناطیس به ترتیب 8/7، 7/14و 32 درصد و در شرایط آب غیر مغناطیس به ترتیب 6، 7/15 و 5/44 درصد نسبت به شاهد حاصل گردید. به علاوه،  متوسط مقدار کارآیی مصرف آب تیمارهای  آب شور 5/0، 6، 8 و 10 دسی­زیمنس بر متر و مغناطیس شده به ترتیب 8/8، 5/6، 3/10 و 4/17درصد بیشتر از تیمارهای شور مشابه ولی غیر مغناطیس شده بود. بنابراین آب مغناطیس شده می­تواند باعث افزایش عملکرد زیره سبز در شرایط استفاده از آب شور به عنوان منبع آب آبیاری گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Salinity and Magnetic Water on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Cumin (Case Study: Kashmar Region)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Meysam Abedinpour 1
  • Ebrahim Roohani 2
1 Assistant Prof., Water Eng. Dep., Kashmar Higher Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran
2 Lecturer and Lab., Expert, Water Eng. Dep., Kashmar Higher Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran
چکیده [English]

     In order to study the effect of magnetic field and different levels of saline irrigation water on cumin yield, a factorial experiment with a completely randomized block design with three replications was carried out in Kashmar Higher Education Institute in 2016. In this experiment, four salinity levels of irrigation water; 0.5 (S1) as control, 6 (S2), 8 (S3), and (S4) 10 dS m-1, and two levels of magnetic field; magnetic water (M1) and non-magnetic water (M2) Were used. The results showed that the magnetized water increased the yield of cumin compared with non-magnetized water. So that the maximum grain yield of cumin (1085 kg. ha-1) was corresponded to S1M1 treatment and the lowest one (530 kg ha-1) was corresponded toS4M2 treatment. Also, the maximum and the minimum biological yields (2215 and 1295 kg ha-1) were corresponded to the same treatments (S1M1 and S4M2) respectively. The yield reduction rates for 6, 8 and 10 dS m-1 saline waters were calculated to be 7.8, 14.7 and 32%, respectively for the magnetic field and 6, 15.7 and 44.5%, respectively for the non-magnetic field as compared to the control treatment. In addition, the average water use efficiencies of saline and magnetic water treatments (0.5, 6, 8 and 10 dS m-1) were estimated to be 8.8, 6.5, 10.3 and 17.4% greater than the ones of saline and non-magnetic water treatments, respectively. Therefore, the use of magnetic water can increase the yield of cumin under salt stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : Salinity stress
  • Cumin
  • Kashmar
  • magnetic field
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