بررسی عملکرد غشای نانو-پلیمری تولید شده در حذف برخی کاتیون‌ها و نسبت جذب سدیم از زهاب کشاورزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تهران - پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی - گروه آبیاری و آبادانی

2 استاد گروه آبیاری و آبادانی -پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی- دانشگاه تهران

3 عضو هیئت علمی (دانشیار) مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

4 هیئت علمی پژوهشگاه پلیمر و پتروشیمی ایران - گروه پلاستیک

چکیده

حجم بالای زهاب­های شور کشاورزی و ضرورت پرهیز از اثرات نامطلوب زیست­محیطی ناشی از تخلیه آنها به منابع پذیرنده، در کنار وقوع شرایط بحرانی کمبود آب در دسترس، برنامه­ریزی و اقدام جهت تخلیه اصولی و بهره­برداری مجدد از این قبیل آبهای نامتعارف را ضروری می­سازد. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی عملکرد و کارایی یک غشای نانو-پلیمری تولید شده در سطح آزمایشگاهی، از نظر قابلیت آن در کاهش نسبت جذب سدیم (SAR) و کاتیون­های مرتبط در زهاب کشاورزی است. غشای نانو- پلیمری مورد نظر با ترکیب 80% پلی­اتیلن با درجه فیلم و 20% پلی­اولفین الاستومر تولید شد. جهت اجرای تحقیق، زهاب مورد نیاز از اراضی کشت و صنعت شمال خرمشهر تهیه شد و تأثیر شوری زهاب و نیز تراوایی غشا بر درصد حذف پارامترهای هدایت الکتریکی (EC)، کاتیون یک ظرفیتی سدیم (Na+)، مجموع کاتیون­های دو ظرفیتی کلسیم و منیزیم (Ca2++Mg2+) و نسبت جذب سدیم (SAR) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. آزمایش­ها در پنج سطح رقت زهاب، مشتمل بر بدون رقیق‌سازی یا 0%، 20%، 40%، 60% و 80% رقیق­سازی تعریف گردید. ارزیابی خصوصیات غشا نشان داد که غشا دارای متوسط شعاع منافذ 778/0 نانومتر و ضخامت 20 میکرومتر و تخلخل 42/36% است. توالی درصد حذف نمک­ها به صورت CaCl2>NaCl>Na2SO4 بود که نشان­دهنده بار مثبت غشا است. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از آزمایش‌ها با خوراک زهاب، میزان حذف Na+ و Ca2++Mg2+ زهاب در کلیه نسبت رقت­ها به ترتیب در دامنه 71/50%-76/39% و 95/40%-34/19% درصد تغییر می­یافت. مقدار حذف EC و پارامتر SAR نیز به ترتیب برابر با 18/46%-10/37% و 38/36%-80/30% بود. در نهایت، عملکرد این غشای نانو-پلیمری با یک نمونه غشای تجاری موجود در بازار (غشای NF2، سپرو) مقایسه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که علیرغم تراوایی کمتر غشای تولیدی، درصد حذف EC توسط آن در کلیه نسبت رقت­ها از غشای تجاری بیشتر بود و غشاء جدید از این نظر، عملکرد بهتری را از خود نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of a fabricated Nano-polymeric membranes function on rejection of some cations and Sodium Absorption Ratio of an agricultural drainage water

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samira Ashaeri 1
  • Teymor Sohrabi 2
  • Alireza Hassanoghli 3
  • Shervin Ahmadi 4
1 Department of Irrigation and remediation Engineering, College of agriculture & natural resource, University of Tehran, Iran
2 professor of Department of Irrigation and remediation Engineering, College of agriculture & natural resource, University of Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor of Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, IRAN
4 Department of Plastic, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The huge volume of saline agricultural drainage water and necessity of avoiding it's undesirable environmental side effects which caused by discharge to water bodies, beside critical situation caused by shortage of water availability, necessitated of planning and proceeding to depletion and reuse of such marginal waters. The objective of this study was assessing and evaluation of a laboratory made nano-polymeric membrane in rejection of sodium absorption ratio (SAR) and ralated cations in agricultural drainage water. The Nano-polymeric membrane fabrication was performed by using % 80 polyethylenes with film grade (PE020) and %20 polyolefin elastomer (POE) polymeric composition. Natural agricultural drainage water was collected from Khorramshahr irrigation & drainage project located in Khuzestan province. In this experiment, the effect of feed agricultural drainage water salinity and membrane permeability on reduce of Electrical Conductivity (EC), SAR, Na monovalent cation and divalent cations of Ca2++Mg2+ was studied. Experiments defined in five dilution levels of drainage water (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8). The characterization of the membrane showed that mean pore radius was about 0.778 nm, the thickness about 20 (µm) and membrane porosity was 36.42%. Salt rejection sequence was: CaCl2>NaCl>Na2SO4 which showed that the membrane is positively charged. The rejection rate of Na+ and Ca2++Mg2+ of agricultural drainage water in all dilution levels were between 39.76-50.71% and 19.34-40.95%, respectively. The rejection rate of EC and SAR were changed between 37.10-46.18% and 30.80-36.38 %, respectively. Finally, the efficiency of this laboratory-made Nano-polymeric membrane was compared with a commercial membrane (NF2, Spero). Results showed that despite of lower permeability of PE membrane, its EC rejection rate was higher than commercial membrane in all dilution levels.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Membrane
  • Nanofiltration
  • Polyethylene
  • Saline agricultural drainage water
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