تحلیل حلقه‌های سنجه رسوبی فرسایش بین‌شیاری در رگبارهای پیاپی تحت شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 پژوهشگر پسا دکتری (تحت حمایت بنیاد ملی نخبگان) گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرّس و عضو انجمن آبخیزداری ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته دکتری گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرّس

3 استاد/ دانشگاه تربیت مدرّس

چکیده

رسوب‌نمودها و حلقه‌های سنجه رسوب به‌عنوان ابزارهایی مهم و مناسب در تحلیل رفتار رسوب با تغییرات دبی و درک نقش کنترل‌کنندگی دبی در تولید رسوب در وقایع رگباری محسوب می‌شوند. از این‌رو بررسی رفتار و تغییرات رسوب معلق طی رگبار و در قالب حلقه‌های سنجه رسوبی از اهمیت ویژه‌ای در برنامه‌ریزی‌های مدیریتی برخوردار می‌باشد. بر همین اساس پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل رسوب‌نمود و حلقه‌های سنجه رسوبی رگبارهای پیاپی در شرایط شبیه‌ساز باران و پلات‌ آزمایشگاهی در یک نوع خاک تهیه‌شده از منطقه کجور در استان مازندران برنامه‌ریزی شد. به این منظور شبیه‌سازی آزمایش‌ها در پلات‌های 6 × 1 متر در شیب‌ 5 درصد و در شدت‌های بارندگی 30 و 90 میلی‌متر بر ساعت طی شش رگبار پیاپی به‌وسیله شبیه‌ساز باران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج بیان‌گر افزایش عمق رواناب کل با افزایش تعداد رگبارهای پیاپی در شدت بارندگی 30 میلی‌متر بر ساعت از 78/8 میلی‌متر در رگبار اول به 05/15 میلی­متر در رگبار ششم و در شدت بارندگی 90 میلی‌متر بر ساعت از 28/9 میلی‌متر در رگبار اول به 03/11 در رگبار ششم بود. اما هدررفت خاک رفتار پیچیده‌تری نسبت به عمق رواناب داشت به‌نحوی‌که یک کاهش ناگهانی در هدررفت خاک در توالی چهارم بر خلاف بقیه توالی‌ها رخ داد. در نهایت نتایج حاصل از حلقه‌های سنجه رسوبی در رگبارهای پیاپی تحت شدت بارندگی 30 و 90 میلی‌متر بر ساعت نشان‌دهنده تنوع رفتاری رسوب خروجی در مقایسه با تغییرات دبی در قالب شکل‌های مختلف حلقه‌های سنجه شامل ساعت‌گرد، پاد ساعت‌گرد و نیز مرکب بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Rating Loops of interrill erosion on Consecutive Storms under Laboratory Conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahboobeh Kiani Harchegani 1
  • pari saeidi 2
  • Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi 3
1 Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University and Member of Watershed Management Society of Iran
2 Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University
3 Professor/ Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]

Studying sediment graph and sediment rating loops are as important and appropriate tools in analyzing sediment behavior with discharge changes and understanding the controlling role of discharge in sediment production during storms respectively. Therefore investigating the sediment behavior and variations in the form of sediment rating loops is so important in management planning and decisions. Accordingly the present study was therefore planned to analysis of sediment graphs and rating loops on consecutive storms under rainfall and soil erosion simulator condition. The simulations were done on a type of soil that was collected from Koujor region in Mazandaran Province. Towards this attempt, rainfall simulation experiments with intensities of 30 and 90 mm h-1were conducted in a set of 6 × 1 m plot with slope of 5 % during 6 consecutive storms. The results showed that total runoff increased with increasing of consecutive storms under rainfall intensities of 30 mm h-1 from 8.78 to 15.05 mm and under rainfall intensities 90 mm h-1 from 9.28 to 11.03 mm on the first and sixth storms respectively. But soil loss revealed more complex behavior than runoff so that occurred a sudden decrease in soil loss in fourth consecutive storm in compare with the other consecutive storms. Eventually, the results of rating loops on consecutive storms under rainfall intensities 30 and 90 mm h-1 reflected the variety of sediment output behavior in compare with discharge changes in different form of sediment rating loos including clockwise, counter clockwise and complex.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Event Storm
  • Interrill erosion
  • Temporal variation
  • Sedigraph
  • Hydrograph
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