پهنه‎بندی ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی خاک با استفاده از زمین آمار و تجزیه مؤلفه اصلی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم خاک دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی خاک شاخصی حیاتی و مهم از کیفیت حاصل‌خیزی و ظرفیت توقیف آلاینده‎های خاک است. در این پژوهش، تغییرپذیری ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی خاک با روش‎های کریجینگ و کوکریجینگ به کمک مؤلفه‎های اصلی به‌دست‌آمده از ویژگی‎های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک‌ـ‌ شامل رس، شن، سیلت، کربن آلی، هدایت الکتریکی، و pH‌ـ بررسی شد. برای این منظور، 247 نمونه خاک از مناطق مرکزی استان گیلان جمع‎آوری شد. 75 درصد نمونه‎ها برای آموزش و 25 درصد برای آزمون استفاده شد. مؤلفه‎های اصلی اول و دوم 54/68 درصد از واریانس کل ویژگی‎های فیزیکی و شیمیایی را به خود اختصاص دادند. مؤلفة اول بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنادار را با ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی خاک داشت (01/0>P، 81/0=r)؛ در حالی ‎که مؤلفة دوم همبستگی معناداری با ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی نداشت (19/0-=r). مؤلفة اول به منزلة متغیر کمکی برای برآورد ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی در روش کوکریجینگ استفاده شد. میانگین ریشة دوم خطا برای داده‎های آزمون در روش کریجینگ 159/0 و برای روش کوکریجینگ 118/0 به دست آمد. ضریب تبیین ارزیابی تقاطعی داده‎های آزمون برای روش کریجینگ 49/0 و برای روش کوکریجینگ 71/0 در سطح 1 درصد معنادار بود. نتایج نشان داد روش کوکریجینگ با متغیر کمکی مؤلفة اصلی اول، به‌دست‌آمده از ویژگی‎های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک، ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی خاک را معتبرتر از روش کریجینگ‌ برآورد می‎کند. علاوه بر این، مؤلفه‎های اصلی، که بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنادار را با متغیر وابسته دارند، بالاترین پتانسیل را برای برآورد متغیر وابسته به روش کوکریجینگ دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Mapping of Cation Exchange Capacity Using Geostatistics and Particle Component Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Seied Mohammadi 1
  • Leila Esmaeilnejad 2
  • Hasan Ramezanpour 3
  • Mahmood Shabanpoor 3
1 Ph. D. Student, Dept. Soil Sciences, University of Tabriz
2 Ph. D. Student, Dept. Soil Sciences, University of Tehran
3 Associate Professor, Dept. Soil Sciences, University of Guilan
چکیده [English]

Soil Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) is an important vital indicator of soil fertility and as well, of pollutant sequestration capacity. Throughout the present study, spatial variability of soil CEC was investigated Through Kriging and corking with the principal components derived from soil physico-chemical properties including texture, (clay, sand, and silt content), organic carbon, electrical conductivity as well as pH. To follow the purpose, 247 soil samples were collected from central areas of Guilan province. Seventy five percent of the soil samples were used for training and 25% for testing. The first two Principal Components (PC1 and PC2) together explained 68.54% of the total variance of soil physico-chemical properties. PC1 explained the highest significantly positive correlation with CEC (r=0.81, P<0.01), whereas there was no significant correlation observed between CEC and PC2 (r=-0.19). PC1 was then used as an auxiliary variable in cokriging method for the prediction of soil CEC. Root mean square error of kriging for the test dataset was found 0.159 and that of cokriging for the dataset amounted to 0.118. The cross-validation determination coefficient (R2) for the test dataset was recorded 0.49 for kriging while 0.71 for cokring at a 0.01 level. The results show that interpolation through cokriging, with an auxiliary variable PC1 derived from soil physico-chemical properties, proves more reliable than through kriging. In addition, the principal components that bear the highest positive significant correlation with the dependent variable are of the most potential for prediction through cokriging.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cokriging
  • GIS
  • interpolation
  • Kriging
  • Semivariogram

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