بررسی تاثیر مدیریت زهکش کنترل شده دارای پوشش پوسته برنج بر مقادیر نیترات و نیتریت زه‌آب در شرایط مشابه با اراضی شالیزاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

برای بالابردن عملکرد محصول در اراضی شالیزاری استفاده از عناصر غذایی یا کودهای شیمیایی ضروری است. کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی در اراضی شالیزاری و آب‌شویی این کودها با آب آبیاری و باران به آلودگی آب‌های زیرزمینی این اراضی می‌انجامد. طراحی و مدیریت بهینة‏ سیستم‏های زهکش، از جمله استفاده از زهکش کنترل‌شده، نقشی مهم در کاهش شوری و دیگر آلاینده‏های موجود در زه‏آب دارد. در این پژوهش، اثر زهکش کنترل‌شده‏ دارای پوشش پوستة برنج بر مقادیر نیترات و نیتریت زه‏آب در شرایط مشابه حاکم بر اراضی شالیزاری بررسی شد. بدین منظور، زهکش‏ کنترل‌شده با پوشش پوستة برنج به ضخامت 10 سانتی‏متر در عمق 40 سانتی‏متری خاک در مدل فیزیکی نصب شد و اثر دو تیمار غلظت کود در دو سطح 10 و 20 میلی‏گرم بر لیتر و مدیریت زهکشی در سه سطح بازکردن زهکش تا رسیدن به رطوبت اشباع، رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی، و 50 درصد رطوبت اشباع بر پارامترهای نیترات و نیتریت و اسیدیتة‏ زه‏آب بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد مدیریت رطوبت 50 درصد اشباع در غلظت کود 10 میلی‏گرم بر لیتر در کاهش نیترات زه‏آب (08/12 میلی‏گرم بر لیتر) عملکردی بهتر دارد. همچنین، تیمارهای رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی در غلظت کود 10 میلی‏گرم بر لیتر و رطوبت 50 درصد اشباع در غلظت 20 میلی‏گرم بر لیتر به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین نیتریت خروجی از زه‏آب را نشان دادند. با گذشت زمان اسیدیتة زه‏آب به سمت اسیدیتة نرمال سوق پیدا کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Investigation of the Effect of Controlled Drainage Management (in Soil Setting of Rice Husk Envelope) on the Drain Water’s Content of Nitrate in Situations Similar to Paddy Rice Fields

نویسندگان [English]

  • Dorsa Ranjkesh Ziabari 1
  • Maryam Navvabian 2
  • Mohamad Hasan Beigloei 2
  • Mehdi Esmaeili Varaki 2
1 Graduate Student, Agricultural Sciences Faculty, University of Guilan
2 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Sciences Faculty, University of Guilan
چکیده [English]

On paddy rice fields, as practiced in the case of the use of nutrients or chemical fertilizers is indispensable for high yields. The use of chemical fertilizers in paddy rice fields together with their being leached through either irrigation, or rain water leads to ground water pollution. Optimum design and management of drainage systems including the reuse of controlled drainage water play an important role in reducing slots as well as other contaminants in the drain water. Throughout the present study, the effect of controlled drainage with an application of rice husk envelopes on the quantity of drain water’s nitrate and nitrite (in similar conditions prevailing on paddy rice fields) was investigated. Controlled drainage together with rice husk envelope of 10cm thickness, installed at 40cm of soil depth was scrutinized within the scope of the physical model. The effects of two fertilizer treatments at two levels of 10 and 20 mgr/l as well as drainage management at three levels of: opening the drain to reach saturation, field capacity or 50% saturation, on drain water’s nitrate, nitrite and acidity parameters were investigated. The results revealed that the 50% saturation management together with a concentration of 10 mgr/l of fertilizer presented the most acceptable performance in reducing the drain water’s nitrate (12.08 mgr/l). Also the treatments of field capacity moisture at a concentration of 10 mgr/l of fertilizer and 50% saturation moisture at a concentration of 20 mgr/l of fertilizer respectively led to the highest vas lowest nitrate seepages through the drain water. With a lapse of time, the drain water’s acidity shifted to a normal.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acidity
  • Carbon envelope
  • Humidity
  • nitrogen fertilizer
  • salinity

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