شبیه‌سازی توزیع دو بعدی رطوبت خاک طی آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی دانشگاه تهران

4 استاد گروه خاک‌شناسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

5 استاد مرکز تحقیقات فنی مهندسی وزارت جهاد کشاورزی

چکیده

آگاهی از مقدار و توزیع رطوبت در آبیاری زیرسطحی در مدیریت آب مزرعه اهمیت فراوان دارد. هدف این پژوهش شبیه‏سازی توزیع پساب در خاک با درنظرگرفتن اثر جذب ریشه و تبخیر از سطح خاک، تحت آبیاری قطره‏ای زیر‏سطحی، بود. بدین منظور، مزرعه‏ای آزمایشی انتخاب و کاهو در آن کاشته شد تا داده‏های مورد نیاز از آن جمع‏آوری شود. ویژگی‏های هیدرولیکی خاک با استفاده از داده‏های واقعی پتانسیل ماتریک و رطوبت حجمی خاک تعیین شد. پتانسیل ماتریک خاک در دامنۀ تانسیومتری به کمک تانسیومتر و رطوبت خاک، به وسیلة دستگاه TDR، به ‏دست آمد. برای شبیه‏سازی از مدل HYDRUS-2D استفاده شد. نتایج شبیه‏سازی مکانی نشان داد این مدل در نقاط دورتر از قطره‏چکان‏ها و با عمق بیشتر (03/0(RMSE=‏ در مقایسه با نقاط نزدیک به قطره‏چکان و عمق کمتر (‏008/0RMSE=) نتایج بهتری ارائه می‏دهد. نتایج شبیه‏سازی زمانی نیز نشان داد مدل چهل و هشت ساعت پس از آبیاری (005/0‏RMSE=) دقیق‏تر از یک ساعت پس از آبیاری عمل می‏کند (029/0RMSE=). بدین ترتیب، می‏توان دریافت، هنگامی که فرایندهای جذب آب به وسیلۀ ریشه و تبخیر فعال است، مدل توانایی مناسبی برای شبیه‏سازی رطوبت خاک تحت آبیاری زیرسطحی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Simulation of 2D Soil Moisture Distribution under Subsurface Drip Iirrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Nayebloie 1
  • Mahdi Kouchakzadeh 2
  • Kumars Ebrahimi 3
  • Mahdi Homaee 4
  • Fariborz Abbasi 5
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Tarbiat Modarres University
2 Associate Professor, Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modarres University
3 Associate Professor, Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department, University of Tehran
4 Professor, Department of Soil Science, Tarbiat Modarres University
5 Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Ministry of Jahad-e-Keshavarsi
چکیده [English]

Information on water soil content and its distribution is vital for field water management in subsurface irrigation. The objective followed in this study was to simulate the extent of wastewater distribution taking into account root water uptake and evaporation from the soil surface under, subsurface drip irrigation system. In this regard, a field experiment was conducted with lettuce as the crop, to collect the required data. Soil hydraulic properties were obtained through an assessment of in-situ soil water pressure heads as well as water contents. Soil matric potentials, under tensiometery range, were obtained by use of tensiometers and the related water contents by a TDR instrument. For the simulation purposes, the HYDRUS-2D model was made use of. The model performance was evaluated by comparing the measured us the predicted values using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) statistics. The results of the spatial simulation revealed that this model provides more appropriate results in locations farther away, and deeper than The  drippers (RMSE=0.03) as compared with the points  adjacent to the droppers and less deeper ones (RMSE=0.008). The results of the temporal simulation showed that the model worked more accurately within 48 hrs after irrigation (RMSE=0.005) rather than one following the start of irrigation (RMSE=0.029). Therefore, it can be concluded that soil water content in subsurface drip irrigation system can be reasonably simulated while root water uptake and evaporation processes are both actively going on.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • simulation
  • subsurface Irrigation
  • Wastewater
  • Hydrus

مراجع

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