مدل‌سازی پاسخ گیاه ریحان به تنش آبی در سطوح متفاوت رطوبتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 استاد گروه خاک‌شناسی دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

4 دانشیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی گروه مهندسی آب دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

5 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

جذب آب گیاه را در شرایط تنش آبی می‌توان با برخی توابع ریاضی، به صورت کمّی، شرح داد. این توابع، در صورتی که بتوانند پیش‌بینی درستی از واکنش گیاه به تنش آبی ارائه دهند، ابزاری سودمند برای برنامه‌ریزی آبیاری و مدیریت بهینۀ آب در مزرعه به شمار می‌آیند. هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی برخی توابع کاهش جذب آب در شرایط تنش آبی بود. به همین منظور، آزمایشی با چهار سطح مختلف آب آبیاری شامل 120، 100، 80، و 60 درصد نیاز آبی با سه تکرار روی گیاه ریحان انجام شد. تیمارهای تنش آبی در مرحلة سه‌برگی‌شدن گیاه اعمال شد. پتانسیل‌ ماتریک روزانه به کمک دستگاه تتاپروب و ترسیم منحنی مشخصة رطوبتی خاک اندازه‌گیری شد. تعرق نسبی با استفاده از تغییرات رطوبت روزانة خاک محاسبه شد. مقایسة آماره‌های بیشینة خطای نسبی، ریشة میانگین مربعات خطا، کارایی مدل‌سازی، ضریب جرم باقی‌مانده، و ضریب تبیین مدل‌ها نشان داد همۀ مدل‌ها مقدار جذب روزانه را کمی بیشتر از مقدار واقعی برآورد می‌کنند. در برآورد جذب نسبی روزانه، مدل غیر خطیHomaee et al.  (2002) برازش بهتری نسبت به دیگر مدل‌ها ارائه داد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد مدل خطیFeddes et al.  (1987) و مدل‌های غیر خطی van Genuchten  (1987) و Homaee et al. (2002) در برآورد میزان جذب نسبی تجمعی طی فصل رشد دقتی مناسب دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling Basil Response to Water Stress under Different Soil Water Levels

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi 1
  • Mahdi Homaee 2
  • Hosein Babazadeh 3
  • Fereydoon Kaveh 4
  • Masoud Parsinejad 5
1 Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Soil Science, Tarbiat Modarres University
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University
4 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University
5 Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation & Reclamation Engineering Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, university College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Root water uptake when under water stress conditions can be quantitatively explained through appropriate mathematical functions. These functions can act as very useful tools in irrigation scheduling and field water management if they could adequately predict the plant response to water stresses. The objective followed in this study was to evaluate some root water uptake reduction functions when the plants under water stress conditions. Towards this end  an extensive experiment was conducted with four different irrigation water levels including 120%, 100%, 80% and 60% of crop water requirement each in three replicates. The plants were subjected to water stress when they were at their three leaf stages. The daily matric potential was recorded through Theta Probes and plotting of soil water retention curve. The relative transpiration was obtained by measuring daily soil water contents. A comparison of the calculated statistics of maximum error, normalized Root Mean Square Error, modeling efficiency, coefficient of residual mass, and coefficient of determination indicated that all models are overestimating the daily root water uptake. However, the nonlinear model of Homaee et al., (2002) provided more reasonable results for root water uptake than the other models.The results further indicated that linear model of Feddes et al., (1978) and either of the nonlinear models of van Genuchten (1987) and Homaee et al., (2002) bear acceptable accuracy for estimating the accumulative relative root water uptake during the growth period.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Basil
  • Irrigation management
  • Root water uptake models
  • water stress

مراجع

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