Water productivity is an indicator used to compare and evaluate crops across different regions and growing seasons. In this paper, the water productivity of irrigated wheat over a decade (2012–2022) in Iran has been estimated and assessed using physical and economic productivity relationships, the economic productivity gap, as well as relative physical and economic water productivity (with and without considering agricultural land rent). The water productivity indicators for wheat were calculated and presented based on: 1- the average national data for each cropping year over the decade, 2- the average provincial data for each province over the decade, and 3- the weighted average of county-level data for each county over the decade. The required data were obtained from the National Water Requirement Reference System and the statistical yearbooks of the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad. The findings revealed that: 1- different water productivity indicators yield varying results, and the selection of an appropriate indicator should be based on the region's climate, crop type, and research objectives; 2- economic indicators and the economic productivity gap are not suitable for comparing consecutive years due to their strong dependence on inflation; 3- the relative economic water productivity of wheat exhibited a declining trend from 2020 to 2022, influenced by drought and rising input costs (particularly fertilizers); and 4- the average values of the physical productivity, economic productivity, economic gap, and relative physical and economic productivity indicators were obtained as 0.79 kg/m³, 9,842 IRR/m³, 21,956 IRR/m³, 0.47, and 0.31, respectively