کارآیی مدل‌های نفوذ آب به خاک در کاربری‌های مختلف زمین در حوزه آبخیز تهم‌چای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1. استاد، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 2. دانشجوی دکتری، گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

چکیده

پیش­بینی دقیق شدت نفوذ آب به خاک برای برنامه­ریزی حفاظت آب و خاک در حوزه­های آبخیز اهمیت زیادی دارد. در این مطالعه کارآیی مدل­های نفوذ در کاربری­های­ کشت دیم، کشت آبی و مرتع (20 مکان در سه تکرار) در حوزه آبخیز تهم چای واقع در شمال غربی استان زنجان، ایران، بررسی شد. کارایی مدل­های نفوذ بر اساس داده­های اندازه­گیری شده با استفاده از آماره­های ضریب تعیین (R2)، ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا (RMSE) و ضریب کارایی نش-ساتکلیف (NSE) ارزیابی شد. بر اساس نتایج، تغییرات آشکاری از نظر شدت نفوذ آب در کاربری­های مختلف زمین وجود دارد و بیش­ترین مقدار در کاربری دیم (6/16سانتی­متر بر ساعت) و کمترین آن در کاربری مرتع (4/5 سانتی­متر بر ساعت) است. از بین مدل­های مورد بررسی، مدل کوستیاکوف بیشترین ضریب تعیین (99/0=2R) و کمترین مقدار خطا ( cm h-105/0RMSE=) و بیش­ترین ضریب کارایی (99/0NSE=) را در کاربری مرتع نشان داد. در کاربری کشت دیم و کشت آبی مدل فلیپ با ضریب تعیین 99/0 و با میانگین مربعات خطایی از 14/0 تا 22/0 و همچنین ضریب کارایی نش-ساتکلیف 99/0 نسبت به دیگر مد­ل­ها کارایی بیشتری را داشت. با وجود آن که مدل گرین-امپت برازش نسبتاً خوبی به دیگر مدل­ها به داده­های اندازه­گیری شده داشت (94/0=R2) اما شاخص خطای آن نسبتاً زیاد ( cm h1 32/2RMSE=) بود که نشان از کم­ترین کارآیی این مدل در بین مدل­ها است. خطای این مدل در مقادیر زیادتر شدت نفوذ که اغلب در لحظات اولیه فرآیند نفوذ رخ می­دهد، بیشتر بود. بنابراین با توجه به همبستگی­ بالای مدل­های کوستیاکوف و فیلیپ با داده­های اندازه­گیری شده در حوزه آبخیز تهم­چای، این دو مدل­ برای پیش­بینی شدت نفوذ در کاربری­های مختلف زمین پیشنهاد می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Efficiency of Water Infiltration Models in Different Land Uses of the Tahamchai Catchment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Reza Vaezi 1
  • Yasin Salehi 2
1 Full Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Univrsity of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Univrsity of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Accurate prediction of water infiltration rate is very important for programming the soil and water conservation practices in catchments .In this study, the efficiency of infiltration rate models was investigated in three land uses consist of dry-farming, irrigated farming and pasture lands in Tahamchai catchment (20 locations with three replications) in north west of Zanjan province, Iran. The efficiency of models was assessed using the measured data based on the determination coefficient (R2), root mean squared error (RMSE) and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE). Results indicated that there is obvious variation in water infiltration rate in different land uses, so that the highest value was in dry-farming lands (16.6 cm h-1) and the lowest value was in pastures (5.4 cm h-1). Among the proposed models, the Kostiakove’s equation showed the highest R2 (0.99), the lowest error (RMSE= 0.01 cm h-1) and the highest NSE (0.99) in pasture. Philip’s equation appeared to be more efficient in the rainfed-farming and irrigated farming lands with R2=0.99, RMSE ranging from 0.14 to 0.22 and NSE=0.99. Although, the Green-Ampt’s equation was fitted relatively well to the measured data (R2= 0.94), its error index (RMSE= 2.32 cm h-1) was relatively high, indicating the least efficiency among the models. The GA model showed higher estimation error for higher infiltration rate values which occur mostly at initial times of water infiltration process. Therefore, regarding the higher correlations of the Kostiakove’s and Philip’s equations with the measured data, these two models are recommended for predicting water infiltration rate in different land uses of Tahamchai catchment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nonlinear equations
  • Infiltration rate
  • Land use
  • Soil Infiltration
  • Semi-arid area
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