Column Study of the Effect of Modified Zeolite with Different Concentrations of Surfactant on the Removal of Phosphorus and Its Simulation with the Kinetic Models and ANFIS

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 WATER SCIENCE. SARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

2 Department of Water Engineering Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University

3 Soil Science Department. Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University

Abstract

Phosphorus is not only the main nutrient of living organisms and the basic materials of many industries, but also it is one of the important parameters affecting the environment. In this study, the effect of different levels of Hexa decyl tri methyl ammonium surfactant concentration on modification of clinoptilolite zeolite was investigated in order to remove phosphate using column tests. For this purpose, the effect of modified zeolite with 0, 10, 20 and 25 mg/L concentrations were investigated using columns with height of 30 cm, diameter of 32 mm and with upward flow. Three common models; Bohart-Adams, Thomas and modified dose-response, with an artificial intelligence model of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) were investigated in terms of modeling the breakthrough curve in the adsorption column,. The results of this study showed that the amount of equilibrium absorption capacity increases from 0.08 to 0.23 mg/L with increasing surfactant concentration. The concentration of 25 mg/L with a breakthrough and saturation time of 15 and 225 minutes and an adsorption capacity of 0.23 mg/g was the best level for modification of zeolite in order to remove phosphorus. The modified dose-response model versus the Thomas and Bohart-Adams models is the most accurate adsorption math model to predict a column breakthrough curve for phosphorus removal. Also, the results of this study indicate that ANFIS is more capable and accurate than the conventional kinetics models in estimating the output concentration from phosphorus adsorption column which results a reduction of 44, 32 and 20% of the average relative error, root mean square error and chi-square, relative to the best mathematical adsorption model.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Ahmed, M.J. and Hameed, B.H. (2018). Removal of emerging pharmaceutical contaminants by adsorption in a fixed-bed column: A review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 149, 257-266.
APHA. (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21th Ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.
Banerjee, M., Bar, N., Basu, R.K and Das, S.K. (2017). Comparative study of adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) ion from aqueous solution in fixed bed column by peanut shell and almond shell using empirical models and ANN. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24 (11),10604-10620.
Baghban, A., Sasanipour, J., Haratipour, P., Alizad, M and Ayouri, M.V. (2017). ANFIS modeling of rhamnolipid breakthrough curves on activated carbon. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 126, 67–75.
Bansiwal, A.K., Rayalu, S.S., Labhasetwar, N.K., Juwarkar, A.A. and Devotta, S. (2006). Surfactant-modified zeolite as a slow release fertilizer for phosphorus. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 54(13), 4773–4779.
Bohart, G.S. and Adams, E.Q. (1920). Some aspects of the behavior of charcoal with respect to chlorine. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 42(3), 523-544.
Dichiara, A.B., Weinstein, S.J. and Rogers, R.E. (2015). On the choice of batch or fixed bed adsorption processes for wastewater treatment. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 54, 8579–8586.
Eljamal, O., Khalil, A.M.E., Matsunaga, N. (2017). Experimental and modeling column study of phosphorus removal by permeable reactive materials. International Journal of Environmental and Agriculture Research (IJOEAR), 3(1), 62-70.
Faghihian, H. and Bowman, R.S. (2005). Adsorption of chromate by clinoptilolite exchanged with various metal cations. Water research, 39(6), 1099-1104.
Golie, W.M. and Upadhyayula, S. (2016). Continuous fixed-bed column study for the removal of nitrate from water using chitosan/alumina composite. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 12, 58-65.
Hadi, M., Samarghandi, M. R ., Azizian, S., Samadi, M. T ,. Shokoohi, R. and Rahmani, A. (2011). Using thomas model to evaluate dye removal from aqueous solutions in fixed-bed columns of activated carbon, J. of Water and Wastewater, 22(1), 23-34. (In Farsi)
He, Y., Lin, H., Dong, Y., Liu, Q. and Wang, L. (2016). Simultaneous removal of phosphate and ammonium using salt–thermal-activated and lanthanum-doped zeolite: fixed-bed column and mechanism study. Desalination and Water Treatment, 57(56),27279-27293.
Hrenovic, J., Rozic, M., Sekovanic, L. and Anic- Vucinic, A. (2010). Phosphate removal from waste water by surfactant- modified clinoptilolite. Proceedings of the 3rd Croatian-Slovenian Symposium on Zeolites. Trogir,Croatia.
Jang, J.S. (1993). ANFIS: adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system. IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics, 23(3), 665-685.
Kiani, H., Shamomamadi, SH. And Hadi, M. (2013). Evaluation of breakthrough curve of column bed for removal of manganese from aqueous media using sand. Environmental biology, 39(1), 21-30. (In Farsi)
Keshtkar, A.R., Dastebashi, H., Ghasemi Torkabad, M. and Moosavian, M.A. (2013). Investigation of Effect of influent concentration and flow rate on nickel biosorption using protonated cystoseira indica brown alga in a packed bed Column and modeling the experimental data. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment, 6(4), 417-430. (In Farsi)
Kizito, S., Wu, S., Wandera, S.M., Guo, L. and Dong, R. (2016). Evaluation of ammonium adsorption in biochar-fixed beds for treatment of anaerobically digested swine slurry: experimental optimization and modeling. Science of the Total Environment, 563–564, 1095–1104.
Li, C., Yao, J., Zhang, T.C., Xing, W., Liang, Y. and Xiang, M. (2017). Simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by cetylpyridinium bromide modified zeolite. Water Science and Technology, in press:1-12.
Li, Z., Willms, A.C. and Roy S. (2003). Desorption of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium from charged surface. Environmental Geosciences Journal, 10(1), 37-45.
Lee, C.G., Kim, J.H., Kang, J.K, Kim, S.B., Park, S.J., Lee, S.H and Choi, J.W. (2014). Comparative analysis of fixed-bed sorption models using phosphate breakthrough curves in slag filter media. Desalination and Water Treatment, 55(7), 1795-1805.
Malekotian, M., Yosefi, N. and Jafarzade Haghighi, N. A. (2010). Removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions using Clinoptilolite soil modified with cationic detergents, The 13th National Conference on Environmental Health of Iran. Kerman, Farabi Hall. (In Farsi)
Mahadevaiah, N., Venkataramani, B. and Jai Prakash, B. S. (2007). Restrictive entry of aqueous molybdate species into surfactant modified montmorillonites: a breakthrough curve study. Chemistry of Materials, 19(18), 4606-4612.
Mondal, S., Aikat, K., Halder, G. (2016). Ranitidine hydrochloride sorption onto superheated steam activated biochar derived from mung bean husk in fixed bed column. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 4, 488–497.
Naghash, A. and Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh, A. (2015). Comparison of the efficiency of modified clinoptilolite with HDTMA and HDP surfactants for the removal of phosphate in aqueous solutions. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 31, 185–191.
Nguyen, T. A. H., Ngo, H. H., Guo, W. S., Pham, T. Q., Li,F.M., Nguyen,T.V and. Bui,X.T. (2015). dsorption of phosphate from aqueous solutions and sewage using zirconium loaded okara (ZLO): Fixed-bed column study. Science of the Total Environment, 523, 40–49.
Recepoğlu, Y.K., Kabay, N., Yılmaz, Ipek, I., Arda, M., Yüksel, M., Yoshizuka, K., Nishihama, S. (2018). Packed bed column dynamic study for boron removal from geothermal brine by a chelating fiber and breakthrough curve analysis by using mathematical models. Desalination, 437, 1-6.
Rezaei, H., Rahmati,M and Modarress, H. (2017). Application of ANFIS and MLR models for prediction of methane adsorption on X and Y faujasite zeolites: effect of cations substitution. Neural Computing and Applications, 28(2), 301–312.
Samadi, M., Saghi, M., Ghadiri, K., Hadi, M. and Beikmohammadi, M. (2010). performance of simple nano zeolite Y and modified nano zeolite Y in phosphor removal from aqueous solutions. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment, 3 (1), 27-36. (In Farsi)
Sabir, H., Hamidi, A.A., Mohamed, H.I., Anees, A., John Van, L., Linda, Z., Simon, B., Muhammad, U. (2011). Orthophosphate removal from domestic wastewater using limestone and granular activated carbon, Desalination, 271, 265–272.
Shanmugam, D., Alagappan, M. and Rajan, R.K. (2016). Bench-scale packed bed sorption of Cibacron blue F3GA using lucrative algal biomass. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 55(3), 2995-3003.
Tan, K.L. and Hameed, B.H. (2017). Insight into the adsorption kinetics models for the removal of contaminants from aqueous solutions. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 74, 25-48.
Thomas, H.C. (1944). Heterogeneous ion exchange in a flowing system. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 66(10),1664-1666.
Torabian, A., Kazemian, H., Seifi, L., Bidhendi, G. N., Azimi, A. A. and Ghadiri, S. K. (2010). Removal of petroleum aromatic hydrocarbons by surfactant  modified natural zeolite: the effect of surfactant. Journal of Clean–Soil, Air, Water, 38(1), 77-83.‏
Yan, G., Viraraghavan, T. and Chen, M. (2001). A new model for heavy metal removal in a biosorption column. Adsorption Science and Technology, 19(1), 25-43.
Xu, Z., Cai, J.G. and Pan, B.C. (2013). Mathematically modeling fixed-bed adsorption in aqueous systems. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 14(3),155-176.
Zuo, L., Ai, J., Fu, H., Chen, W., Zheng, S., Xu, Z. and Zhu, D. (2016). Enhanced removal of sulfonamide antibiotics by KOH-activated anthracite coal: batch and fixed-bed studies. Environmental Pollution, 211, 425–434.
Zhang, L.,Wu,W., Liu, J., Zhou, Q., Luo, J., Zhang, J. (2014). Removal of phosphate from water using raw and activated laterite: batch and column studies. Desalination and Water Treatment, 52, 775–783.