Integrating GIUH and Verified Variable-Parameter SCS-CN models for Estimation of daily Runoff of Watershed (Case Study: Kashkan Watershed, Lorestan Province)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Physical Geography Department, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Physical Geography Department, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Assiciated Professor, Physical Geography Department, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 Ph.D Student of Geomorphology, Physical Geography Department, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Recently, the Geomorphologic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH) model has been widely employed for estimation of watershed response to rainfall. This model is based on the convolution integral of the effective rainfall by the ordinates of IUH product. In this study, the effective rainfall has been estimated using morphometric characteristics of Kashkan watershed, simulation of daily rainfall-runoff by GIUH model and four modified Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) models. The effect of temporal variations of and initial abstraction ratio () have been also investigated as a function of rainfall depth (P) in the SCS-CN models. The results of the proposed integrated models (GIUH and the modified SCS-CN models) were investigated using the percentages of errors correspond to; peak flow estimation (%), arrival time to the peak flow () and the runoff volume (%) for three periods of drought, normal, and wet for the fixed- and varied-parameter conditions. The results showed that the variations of CN and λ parameters proportion to the rainfall depth in SCS-CN model are more effective than the fixed-parametes of the SCS-CN model,  . Additionally, the odified forms of SCS-CN models are more efficient that original form (i.e. keeping constant of  equal to 0.2). The results of this study indicates the necessity of employing the modified forms of SCS-CN model and considering the temporal variations of CN and λ parameters for calculation of effective rainfall as an input parameter of rainfall-runoff models, especially in watersheds undergoing human impacts.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Azizian, A. and Shokouhi, A. (2013). Evaluation of the Effect of Separation of Digital Elevation Models and the Limits of the Formation of Channels on the Results of the Model of Geomorphologic Rainfall-Runoff Model Based on the Kinetic Wave (KW-GIUH) Hydraulic Scientific Journal, Vol 8 , No. 3, Autumn 2013, pp. 18-1. (In Farsi)
Dabbaghian Amiry, M. and Mohammadi, A. A. (2012). Regional model for peak discharge estimation in ungaged drainage basin using GIUH, Snyder, SCS and triangular models. International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, 4(4), 86-96.
Fattahi, A. and Fatahi Nafchi, R. and Samadi Boroujeni, H. and Abdollahi, Kh. (2013). Evaluation of SCS hydrograph and geomorphologic moment unit unit (GIUH) hydrograph in Jongqan catchment area. Iranian Journal of Water Research. 7 (13), 208-205. (In Farsi)
Geravand, F. (2015). Determination of Flood Plain Limits of Kashkan River Using HEC-RAS Model. Master's degree in natural geography. Associate Professor Seiyed Mossa Hosseini and Mansour Jafaribegloo, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran. (In Farsi)
Gholami Somaee, F., Fakherifard, A. and Dinipazhu, Y. (2011). Geomorphologic unit hydrograph extraction based on cascade linear reservoirs (Case study: Lighvan Basin). Irrigation Science & Engineering, 34(2), 93-83. (In Farsi)
Grunwald, S. and Norton, L. D. (2000). Calibration and validation of a non-point source pollution model. Agricultural Water Management, 45(1), 17-39.
Gupta, V. K., Waymire, E. and Wang, C. T. (1980). A representation of an instantaneous unit hydrograph from geomorphology, Water Resources Research., 16, pp. 855-862.
Hawkins, R.H. (1993). Asymptotic determination of runoff curve numbers from data. J. Irrig.Drain. Eng., 119, 334-345.
Hosseini, S. M., Jaffar Biglou, M. and Geravand, F. (2015). Determination of Kashkan River flood plains using a hydraulic model to reduce the hazard, hazard knowledge, Volume 2, Issue 3, Autumn 1394, Pages 369-355. (In Farsi)
Hosseini, S. M. and Jaffar Biglou, M., Yamani, M. and Geravand, F. (2014). Estimation of Historical Flood of Kashkan River Using HEC-HMS Hydrological Model, Quantitative Geomorphology Researches, 4(1), 133-118. (In Farsi)
Hosseini, S. M. and Mahjouri, N. and Riahi S. (2016). Development of a Direct Geomorphologic IUH Model for Daily Runoff Estimation in Ungauged Watersheds. International Journal of American Society of Civil Engineers, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001333.
 Jain, S. K., Singh, R. D. and Set, S. M. (2000). Design Flood Estimation Using GIS Supported GIUH Approach, Journal of Water Resources Management, 14, 369-376.
Jena, S. K. and Tiwari, K. N. (2006). Modeling synthetic unit hydrograph parameters with geomorphologic parameters of watersheds, Journal of Hydrology 319, 1-14.
Karami, F. and Esmailpour, M. (2014). Estimation of runoff using a geomorphologic moment unit hydrograph model (Case study: Daryan basin). Journal of Hydrogeomorphology, 1, 157-145. (In Farsi)
Kowalik, T. and Walega, A. (2015). Estimation of CN parameter for small agricultural watersheds using asymptotic functions. Water, 7(3), 939-955.
Kumar, A. (2014). Geomorphologic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph Based Hydrologic Response Models for Ungauged Hilly Watershed in India, Water Resources Management, DOI 10.1007/s11269-014-0848-z.
Kumar, R. C., Chatterjee C., Lohani A. K., Sing R. D. and and Kumar S. (2007). Runoff estimation for an ungauged catchment using geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph (GIUH) Models. Hydrologycal Process. 21, 1829-1840
Kumar, R., Chatterjee, C., Singh, R. D., Lohani, A. K. and Kumar, S. (2004). GIUH based Clark and Nash models for runoff estimation for an ungauged basin and their uncertainty analysis. IntL. J. River Basin Management, 2(4), 281-290.
Mishra, S., Jain, K., and Bhunya, M. K. and Singh, V. P. (2004). Field Applicability of the SCS-CN-Based Mishra–Singh General Model and its Variants. Water Resources Management, 19, 37–62.
NRCS, (1997). Part 630 - Hydrology, National Engineering Handbook. Washington D.C.
Negaresh, H., Tavousi, T. and Mehdinasab, M. (2011). Check the intensity of the flood waters of the Kashkan River catchment area. Lar Geographic Journal, 13, 58-49. (In Farsi)
Razeei, T., Shokouhi, A. and Ebadi, F. (2011). Graceful identification of the probability distribution function on rainfall data of different weather zones at different time scales (SPI) of Iran In order to calculate the standard rainfall profile, The first national conference on drought and climate change in Iran, Karaj, Iran, 28-39. (In Farsi)
Regional water company in Lorestan province, (2013). Information and specification of rivers of Lorestan province. (In Farsi)
Rodriguez-Iturbe, I. and Valdes, J. B. (1979). The geomorphological structure of hydrologic response, Water Res. Res., 15(6), 1409-1420.
Sadeghi, S.H. and Dehghani, M. (2006). Precision of estimating the coefficient of water consumption of the instantaneous unit in the reconstruction of the water source of the flood unit. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 3, 33-42. (In Farsi)
Saghafiyan, B., Shamsaee, A., Tabandeh, S. M. and Jalalpur, H. (2011). Estimation of runoff using GIUH method, the first international conference on dam and hydroelectric power plants. (In Farsi)
Soulis, K. X. and Valiantzas, J. D. (2012). SCS-CN parameter determination using rainfall-runoff data in heterogeneous watersheds-the two-CN system approach. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 16(3), 1001.
Sorman, A. U. (1995). Estimation of peak discharge using GIUH model in Saudi Arabia. J. Water Resour Plann Manage 121(4), 287–293.
Suriynejad, A. (2002). Estimate of Runoff Volume of Kashkan River Basin Using GIS, Geographical Research, 2002 (43), 80-57. (In Farsi)
 Valdes, J. and Fiallo. Y. and Rodriguez-Iturbe, I. (1997). A rainfall-runoff analysis of the geomorphologic IUH. Water Resources Research, 15 (6), 1421–1434.
Viji, R., Prasanna P.R. and Ilangovan R. (2015). Modified SCS-CN and Green-Ampt Methods in
Surface Runoff Modelling for the Kundahpallam Watershed, Nilgiris, Western Ghats, India,
Aquatic Procedia, 4, 677–684.
Yen, B. C. and Lee, K. T. (1997). Unit hydrograph derivation for ungaged watersheds by stream-order laws. Journal of hydrology engineering, 2(1), 1-9. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(1997)2:1(1)
Zelazinski, J. (1986). Application of geomorphological instant unit hydrograph theory to development of forecasting models in Poland, Hydrological Sciences Journal, 32(2), 263-270.
Zhang, B. and Govindaraju, R. S. (2003). Geomorphology-based artificial neural networks (GANNs) for estimation of direct runoff over watershed. Journal of hydrology, 273, 18-34.