Long term Evaluation of temporal and spatial changes in soil salinity (Garmsar irrigation and drainage network)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

Salinity is a phenomenon that does not satisfy the crop water requirement and leads reduction vegetation. To control of this phenomenon requires appropriate management and monitoring of spatial and temporal salinity variations from the past to the present
In this study the spatial and temporal changes of soil salinity of irrigation and drainage network located in Garmsar, Iran, is investigated from 1986 to 2013. For this purpose, using satellite images and ground data, temporal changes of field area ratio are studied in three salinity levels of low, medium and high at the end of fall and spring planting period during these years by and five satellite indexes. Finally trend of changes is determined using Mann-Kendal test.
Also determined the trend of changes the value of each salinity index’s pixel by Mann-Kendall test and zoning changes the salinity was extracted Results show that with a probability of 95%, at the end of fall planting period the trends of area ratio of fields with low, medium and high soil salinity are decreasing, increasing and increasing, respectively. At the end of spring planting period, trends are similar to fall planting period for fields with low and high levels and medium level shows no significant trend. Also zone classification of soil salinity show that north, south and west regions of Garmsar plain are at the risk of increasing salinity during the time and the north-east and central regions that have secondary irrigation network presents a decreasing trend in soil salinity. During considered years, of the total 16 thousand ha areas, fields with low soil salinity decrease around 6.5 thousand ha and the areas of fields with medium and high salinity increase around 4.5 thousand ha and 2 thousand ha, respectively, in this region.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Full Text

Salinity lowers plant water uptake and therefore crop cover. Control this phenomenon requires appropriate management and constant monitoring of the spatial as well as temporal salinity variations from time to time. In this study the spatial and temporal changes in salinity of Irrigation and Drainage Network soils in Garmsar, Iran, were investigated from 1986 to 2013. To Follow the purpose, employing satellite images and on the ground data, temporal changes of field area ratio were studied in three salinity levels of low, medium and high at the end of fall and spring planting seasons during the mentioned years through five satellite indexes. Finally the trend of changes was determined applying Mann-Kendal Test. Also Through a determination the trend of changes, the value of each salinity index’s pixel (through Mann-Kendall Test) as well as zoning changes the salinities were extracted. Results indicate that (with a probability of 95%), at the end of fall planting period the trends of ratio of fields with low, medium and high soil salinity are decreasing, increasing and increasing, respectively. At the end of spring planting season, trends are similar to fall planting period for fields with low and high salinity levels and while medium levels indicating no significant trend. Also zone classification of soil salinity shows that north, south and west regions of Garmsar plain are at the risk of increasing salinity during the time while the north-east and central regions that are equipped with secondary irrigation network present a decreasing trend in soil salinity. During the considered years, of the total 16 thousand ha area, fields with low soil salinity decrease around 6.5 thousand ha while the area of fields with medium and high salinity increase for around 4.vs. 2 thousand ha, respectively, within the studied region.

References

Araghinejad, S. (2014). Data-Driven Modelong: Using MATLAB in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, (PP.228-232), Springer, Netherland.
Dehni, A. andLounis, M. (2012). Remote sensing of salt-affected soils.Journal of Remote Sensing Reviews, 7(2), 241-259.
Douaoui, A.E.K., Nicolas H. andWalter, C. (2006). Detecting salinity hazards within a semiarid context by means of combining soil and remote-sensing data. Journal of Geoderma, 134(2), 217–230.
 Driessen, P. M., andSchoorl, R. (1973). Mineralogy and morphology of saltefflorescences on saline soils in the Great Konya Basin, Turkey.Journalof Soil Science, 24, 436– 442.Goldshleger, N., Ben-Dor, E., Benyamini, Y., Agassi, M. and Blumber, D. (2001). Characterization of soil’s structural crust by spectral reflectancein the SWIR region.Journal of Terra Nova, 13(1), 12– 17.
Hong-wei, W., Yong-hong, F. and Tiyip, T. (2011). The research of soil salinization human impact based on remote sensing classification in oasis irrigation area, Procedia Environmental Sciences, 10(2), 2399 – 2405.
Jabbar, M. andZhou, J. (2012). Assessment of soil salinity risk on the agricultural area in Basrah Province, Iraq: Using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Journal of Earth Science, 6(2), 881–891.
Jian-li, D(2011). Study on soil salinization information in arid region using remote sensing technique.Journal of Agricultural Sciences in China, 10(3), 404-411
Masoudi, M. (2001). Investigate the potential of classified satellite imagery influenced by soil salinity and alkalinity,   Grassland and desert of Iran, Research Institute of forests and rangelands (In Farsi).
Metternicht, G.I. andZinck, J.A. (2003). Remote sensing of soil salinity: potentials and constraints.Journal of Remote Sensingof Environment, 85(2), 1 –20.
Noroozi, A., Homaee, M. and Farshad, A. (2012), Integrated application of remote sensing and spatial statistical models to the identification of soil salinity: A case study from Garmsar Plain, Iran.Journal of Environmental Science, 9(1),59– 74.
Shayan, S., Sharifikia, M. and Zare, G. (2011). Spatial analysis and assessment of geomorphic risk of salinity in Garmsar Fans. Journal of Geographical Studies of Arid Zones, 2(5), 47-58. (In Farsi)
Yu, R., Liu, T., Xu, Y., Zhu, C., Zhang, Q., Qu, Z., Liu, X. and Li, C. (2010). Analysis of salinization dynamics by remote sensing in Hetao Irrigation District of North China. Journal of Agricultural Water Management, 97(2) 1952–1960.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
Volume 47, Issue 3
November 2016
Pages 449-457

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics