Comparison of quantitative and qualitative performance of superior populations of two species Thymus lancifolius and T. kotschynus with garden thyme (T. vulgaris) in low salinity water and soil conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Research Assistant Professor, Forests and Rangelands Research Department,, Qom Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Qom, Iran

2 Research Professor, Rangeland Research Department, Forestry and Rangeland Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran. Iran.

3 Research Assistant Professor, Medicinal Plant Research Department, Forestry and Pasture Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran. Iran

4 Research Professor,, Medicinal Plants Department, Forestry and Rangeland Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran. Iran

Abstract

This research was carried out with the aim of introducing the most suitable accessions in T. kotschyanus and T. lancifolius species of the thyme genus for the development of cultivation in low salinity water and soil conditions at the Pardisan Salinity Research Station of Qom. The seeds of 7 accessions along with the control (T. vulgaris) were planted in the greenhouse and in GF pots in January 2016, and in April of the following year, potted seedlings were planted in the main field in complete randomized block design in three replications. In this experiment, aerial organ function, percentage and yield of essential oil in two years and the percentage of essential oil compounds in the second year were measured and determined. Essential oil extraction was done by water distillation method and essential oil analysis was done by gas chromatography method. The results of composite variance analysis of traits showed that the effect of population, year and the interaction of year in population were significant in all traits at the probability level of one or five percent. The results of the comparison of the average traits in the investigated species showed that the average T. lancifolius species was superior to the average of the other two species in terms of essential oil yield in the first, second and second years. Among the four populations of T. kotschyanus, populations 5 and 70 were superior to other populations of this species in terms of percentage and yield of essential oil. Population 48 of T. lancifolius species was superior to other populations in terms of many traits alone or with population 45 of the same species. In total, 48 and 45 populations of T. lancifolius species from Khorramabad and Faridunshahr regions, respectively, and 5 and 70 populations of T. kotschyanus species from Qazvin and Urmia regions, respectively, can be used for the development of cultivation in areas with brackish water and soil. and also be introduced as candidates for the introduction of promising cultivars of these species in these conditions. Carvacrol chemotypes were identified in Qazvin 1 and 2 accessions, thymol in Naqdeh accession and geraniol in Qazvin 1 accession.

Keywords

EXTENDED ABSTRACT

Introduction:

In recent years, the quantitative and qualitative reduction of water resources has become a national problem, and agriculture, as the largest consumer of water, is facing the greatest damage and threat. One of the major and effective ways to get out of this crisis is to modify the cultivation pattern and optimal production management. Medicinal plants have a special place in the cultivation pattern modification program due to their impact on society's health, great added value and the potential to create employment.

Objective(s):

This research was carried out with the aim of introducing the most suitable accessions in T. kotschyanus and T. lancifolius species of the thyme genus for the development of cultivation in saline soil and water conditions, at Pardisan Qom Salinity Research Station.

Material and Methods:

The seeds of 7 accessions along with the control (T. vulgaris species) were planted in the greenhouse and in GF pots in January 2016, and in April of the following year, potted seedlings were planted in the main field in the form of a randomized complete block design in three replications. In this experiment, aerial organ function, percentage and yield of essential oil in two years and the percentage of essential oil compounds in the second year were measured and determined. Essential oil extraction was done by water distillation method and essential oil analysis was done by gas chromatography method.

Results:

The results of composite variance analysis of the traits showed that the effect of population, year and the interaction of year in the population were significant in all traits at the probability level of one or five percent. The results of comparing the average traits in the investigated species showed that the average of T. lancifolius species was superior to the average of the other two species in terms of essential oil yield in the first, second and average years. Among the four populations of T. kotschyanus, populations 5 and 70 were superior to other populations of this species in terms of percentage and yield of essential oil. Population 48 of T. lancifolius species was superior to other populations in terms of many traits alone or with population 45 of the same species.

Conclusions:

In total, 48 and 45 populations of T. lancifolius species from Khorramabad and Faridunshahr regions respectively and 5 and 70 populations of T. kotschyanus species from Qazvin and Urmia regions respectively, for the development of cultivation in areas with brackish water and soil and They were also introduced as candidates for the introduction of promising cultivars of these species under these conditions. Carvacrol chemotypes were identified in Qazvin 1 and 2 accessions, thymol in Naqdeh accession and geraniol in Qazvin 1 accession.

Author Contributions

Abbas Pourmeidani conceived of the presented idea, developed the theory and performed the computations.and carried out the experiment. Ali Ashraf Jafari verified analytical methods and performed the computations. Razieh Azimi Performed analytical chemistry experiments. Ebrahim Sharifi Ashoorabadi investigated and supervised the findings of this work. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript, but Abbas Pourmeidani worte the final version of manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. All authors contributed according their name place to the conceptualization of the article and writing of the original and subsequent drafts.

Data Availability Statement

Raw data were generated at Forestry and Rangeland Research Institute (RIFR). Derived data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author [Abbas Pourmeidani] on request after the permission of the RIFR.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Forestry and Rangeland Research Institute for support of the present study.

Ethical considerations

The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Forestry and Rangeland Research Institute. The authors avoided data fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and misconduct.

Conflict of interest

The author declares no conflict of interest.

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Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
Volume 56, Issue 2
April 2025
Pages 281-291

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