تأثیر نوع عصاره‌گیر و نسبت خاک به عصاره‌گیر بر استخراج میزان پتاسیم قابل جذب خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران، کرج، ایران

2 گروه علوم خاک، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 سازمان تحقیقات، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی (AREEO)، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب (SWRI)، کرج، ایران

چکیده

پتاسیم به­عنوان عنصری ضروری که نقش آن در متابولیسم گیاهان و مقاومت آنها در برابر تنش­های زیستی و محیطی بارها ثابت شده است، برای مدیریت بهینه، نیاز به استخراج و اندازه­گیری دقیق دارد. تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی اثر نسبت خاک به عصاره­گیر بر اندازه­گیری مقدار پتاسیم قابل جذب خاک انجام شد. بدین منظور در مهر ماه سال 1400، تعداد 62 نمونه خاک سطحی از مزارع کشاورزی سراسر کشور برداشته و مقدار پتاسیم آنها توسط سه عصاره­گیر استات آمونیوم 1 مولار (سه نسبت 5:1، 10:1 و 20:1)، آمونیوم بیکربنات-DTPA (2:1، 5:1 و 10:1) و مهلیچ-3 (5:1، 10:1 و 20:1)، در موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کرج اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار پتاسیم قابل جذب اندازه­گیری شده، توسط عصاره­گیرهای استات آمونیوم و مهلیچ-3 فاقد اختلاف معنی­دار بود، اما این دو عصاره­گیر با آمونیوم بیکربنات-DTPA اختلاف معنی­دار داشتند. احتمالاً دلیل این اختلاف، جایگزین شدن نسبت 2:1 با نسبت 20:1 در روش عصاره‌گیری با آمونیوم بیکربنات-DTPA است. با افزایش نسبت خاک به عصاره­گیر، میزان برآورد پتاسیم قابل جذب خاک توسط هر سه عصاره­گیر به­طور معنی­داری افزایش یافت. به­طور میانگین، مقدار پتاسیم عصاره­گیری شده در نسبت 20:1 به­ترتیب %5/11 و %01/5 بیشتر از نسبت 5:1 و 10:1 استات آمونیوم و %79/8 و %84/6 بیشتر از نسبت 10:1 و 5:1 مهلیچ-3 بود. با استفاده از نسبت 10:1، هر سه عصاره­گیر مقدار پتاسیم قابل جذب خاک را بدون اختلاف معنی­دار اندازه­گیری کردند. بنابراین، پیشنهاد می­شود که در مواقع لزوم می­توان از هر سه عصاره­گیر برای تعیین مقدار پتاسیم قابل جذب استفاده کرد. همچنین به­نظر می­رسد که نسبت 10:1، نسبت مناسبی برای اندازه­گیری مقدار پتاسیم قابل جذب با حداقل تفاوت بین عصاره­گیرهای مختلف باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of extractant type and soil/extractant ratio on the extraction of soil available potassium

نویسندگان [English]

  • Karim Shahbazi 1
  • Meysam Cheraghi 2
  • Mostafa Marzi 3
  • kobra sadat hasheminasab zavareh 3
1 Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
2 Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Soil and Water Research Institute (SWRI), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Potassium, as an essential element, which its role in plant metabolism and resistance to biological and environmental stresses has been proven many times, requires accurate extraction and measurement for optimal management. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of soil/extractant ratio on measuring the amount of available potassium in the soil. For this purpose, in October 2021, 62 soil samples were taken from agricultural fields all over the country, and their potassium content was measured by three extractants: 1 M ammonium acetate (three ratios of 5:1, 10:1, and 20:1), ammonium bicarbonate-DTPA (2:1, 5:1, and 10:1), and Mahlic-3 (5:1, 10:1, and 20:1) in the Karaj soil and water research institute (SWRI). The results showed that the amount of available potassium measured by ammonium acetate and Mehlich-3 extractants had no significant difference, but these two extractants had a significant difference with ammonium bicarbonate-DTPA. Probably, this difference is due to replacing the 2:1 ratio with a 20:1 ratio in the extraction method by ammonium bicarbonate-DTPA. In all three extractants, the estimated soil available potassium increased by increasing the soil to extractant ratio. On average, the amount of extracted potassium in 20:1 ratio was 11.5% and 5.01% more than the ratio of 5:1 and 10:1 for ammonium acetate, and 8.79% and 6.84% more than the ratios of 10:1 and 5:1 for Mehlich-3, respectively. By using a 10:1 ratio, all three extractants measured the amount of soil-available potassium without any significant differences. Therefore, it is suggested that all three extractants be used to determine the amount of available potassium. In addition, it seems a 10:1 ratio is a suitable ratio for measuring the amount of available potassium with minimal difference between different extractants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ammonium acetate
  • Ammonium bicarbonate-DTPA
  • Mehlich-3
  • Potassium

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 53، شماره 7
مهر 1401
صفحه 1481-1497

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