نیاز آبی گیاه ریحان در گلخانه مجهز به مبدل حرارتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گرایش آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

4 گروه علوم باغبانی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران

چکیده

بخش قابل توجهی از مصرف آب در گلخانه­ها به فرآیندهای تبخیر-تعرق و خنک­سازی گلخانه اختصاص دارد. در مناطق خشک با توجه به رواج سیستم پوشال و پنکه برای خنک­سازی، حجم زیادی از آب استفاده شده در گلخانه­ها بدون استفاده و به صورت هوای مرطوب توسط پنکه به بیرون هدایت می­شود که توسط مبدل حرارتی قابل بازیافت بوده و امکان مصرف دوباره آن با فرآیند تقطیر وجود دارد. همچنین امکان استفاده از هوای خروجی از مبدل حرارتی به منظور خنک‌سازی وجود دارد. از این رو، هدف از انجام این تحقیق، بررسی تأثیر استفاده از هوای خروجی از مبدل حرارتی به منظور خنک‌سازی داخل گلخانه بر میزان نیاز آبی گیاه ریحان در دو فصل رشد است.به این منظور دو گلخانه یکی مجهز به مبدل حرارتی و دیگری بدون مبدل حرارتی به ابعاد 6 5 مترمربع و ارتفاع 2 متر احداث گردید. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از هوای خروجی از مبدل حرارتی برای خنک‌سازی گلخانه، باعث کاهش دمای محیط گلخانه نسبت به گلخانه بدون مبدل حرارتی شد. در دو دوره کشت، متوسط روزانه نیاز آبی گیاه ریحان برای گلخانه­های مجهز به مبدل حرارتی و بدون مبدل حرارتی به ترتیب 53/2 و 26/3 میلی­متر در کشت اول و 19/2 و 81/2 میلی­متر در کشت دوم برآورد شد که تفاوت این مقادیر معنی­دار بود. در این مطالعه مقدار عملکرد ریحان در دو گلخانه مجهز به مبدل حرارتی و بدون مبدل حرارتی طی دو دوره رشد تقریباً یکسان بود. همچنین عملکرد در دوره دوم رشد در هر دو گلخانه نسبت به دوره اول کاهش یافت. با توجه به کاهش مصرف آب و این­که مقدار قابل توجی از آب مصرفی نیز قابل بازیافت است، استفاده از مبدل حرارتی در گلخانه­ها به ویژه برای مناطق گرمسیری پیشنهاد می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Water Requirements of Basil in an Equipped Greenhouse with Heat Exchanger

نویسندگان [English]

  • Payam Kamali 1
  • S. Mehdy Hashemy Shahdany 2
  • Hamed Ebrahimian 3
  • Saman Javadi 2
  • Sasan Aliniaeifard 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Water Engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Iran
3 Associate professor in Irrigation & Drainage Eng. Dept. of Irrigation & Reclamation Eng. College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran
4 Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran. Email
چکیده [English]

A significant part of water consumption in greenhouses is related to the processes of evapotranspiration and cooling of the greenhouse. A large amount of water consumption in greenhouses is not used and in the form humid air is directed outside by the exhaust fans, which can be recycled by a heat exchanger and reused by the condensation process. It is also possible to use the exhaust air from the heat exchanger for cooling. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using the exhausted air from the heat exchanger, for cooling inside the greenhouse and on the water requirement of basil in two growing seasons. For this purpose, two greenhouses, one equipped with a heat exchanger and the other without the heat exchanger, were constructed with dimensions of 6×5 m2 and 2 meters in height. The results indicated that the greenhouse equipped with heat exchanger reduced the air temperature inside the greenhouse as compared to the greenhouse without the heat exchanger. In two growing periods, the average daily water requirements of basil for greenhouses equipped with heat exchangers and without heat exchangers were 2.53 and 3.26 mm in the first growing seasons and 2.19 and 2.81 mm in the second growing seasons, respectively, which showed significant difference between two greenhouses. In this study, the yield of basil in both greenhouses during the two growing periods was almost the same. Also, the yield in the second growing season in both greenhouses was lower than the one in the first growing seasons. Regarding the reduction of water consumption and the fact that a significant amount of water consumption can be recycled, the use of heat exchanger in greenhouses is suggested especially for tropical climate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Condensation
  • Evapotranspiration
  • Cooling
  • Greenhouse
  • Microclimate

مراجع

Ahmed, E. A., Hassan, E. A., Tobgy, K.M. and Ramadan, E.M. (2014). Evaluation of rhizobacteria of some medicinal plants for plant growth promotion and biological control. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 59 (2), 273–280.
Alcamo, J., Flörke, M. and Märker M. (2007). Future Long Term Changes in Global Water Resources Driven by Socio- Future long-term changes in global water resources driven by socio economic and climatic changes. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57(2), 247-275.
Al-Ismaili, A. M. and Jayasuriya, H. (2016). Seawater greenhouse in Oman: A sustainable technique for freshwater conservation and production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 54, 653–664.
Al-Nasser, A. Y. and Bhat, N. (1998). Protected Agriculture in State of Kuwait. Protected Agriculture in the Arabian Peninsula, 15-18 Feb., Proceedings of an international Workshop, Doha, Qatar, pp. 17-26
Anifantis, A.S., Colantoni, A., Pascuzzi, S. (2017). Thermal energy assessment of a small scale photovoltaic, hydrogen and geothermal standalone system for greenhouse heating. Renewable Energy. 103, 115-127.
Ashraf, B., Yazdani, R., Mousavi-Baygi, M. and Bannayan, M. (2014). Investigation of temporal and spatial climate variability and aridity of Iran. Theor Appl Climatol, 118(1), 35–46.
 
Boguslaw, U. and Lukasz, U. (2004). Thermal conductivity of soils-comparison of experimental results and estimation methods. Institude of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul, Doswiadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin 27.
Cengel, Y. A. and Ghajar, A. J. (2015). Heat  and  Mass  Transfer (5 th ed.). Nevada: Reno.
Daza-Torres, M.C., Arias-Prado, P.C., Reyes-Trujillo, A. and Urrutia-Cobo, N. (2017). Basil (Ocimum basilicum L) water needs calculated from the crop coefficient. Ingeniería e Investigación, 37(3), 8-16.
Ebrahimi, M., Rezaverdinejhad, V., Besharat, S. and Abdi, M. (2018). A study of evapotranspiration as well as crop coefficient in
Ocimum basilicum L. growth process in greenhouse. Water and Irrigation Management, 8 (1), 1-11. (In Farsi).
Ghamarnia, H., Amirkhani, D. and Arji I. (2015). Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Water Use, Crop Coefficients and SIMDualKc Model Implementing in a Semi-arid Climate. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science. 4 (6), 535-545.
Hamzezadeh, M., Fathi, P., Javadi, T. and Hassani, A. (2011). The effect of different irrigation water levels on Water Use Efficiency in Basil Plant (Ocimum Basilicum var. Keshkeny Levelu) Using Marginal Analysis Theory. Journal of Water and Soil. 25(5), 953- 960. (In Farsi).
Hirich, A. and Choukr-Allah, R. (2017).  Water and Energy Use Efficiency of Greenhouse and Net house Under Desert Conditions of UAE: Agronomic and Economic Analysis. Water Resources in Arid Areas, 481-499.
Hossein Khani, A. (2016). Manufacturing and simulation of a solar humidification-dehumidification desalination system. MsC thesis, Kerman Graduate University of Technology. (In Farsi).
Kabeel, A. E. and Almagar, A. M. (2013). Seawater greenhouse in desalination and economics. 5-7 Nov., Seventeenth International Water Technology Conference. Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 1-16.
Kabeel, A. E. and Emad, M. S. El-Said. (2015). Water production for irrigation and drinking needs in remote arid communities using closed-system greenhouse: A review. Engineering Science and Technology, 18(2), 294-301.
Levidow, L., Pimbert, M. and Vanloqueren, G. (2014). Agroecological research: Conforming – or transforming the dominant agro-food regime? Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 38(10), 1127–1155.
Madani, K., AghaKouchak, A. and Mirchi, A. (2016). Iran's socio-economic drought: challenges of a water bankrupt nation. Iran Stud, 49(6), 997–1016.
Madani, K. (2014). Water management in Iran: what is causing the looming crisis? Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences. 4(4), 315–328.
Makenney, M.S. and Norman, J.R. (1993). Sensitivity of some potential evapotranspiration estimation methods to climate change. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 64(1-2), 81-110.
Nguyen, P.M., Kwee, E.M. and Niemeyer, E.D. (2010). Potassium rate alters the antioxidant capacity and phenolic concentration of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves. Food Chemistry, 123(4), 1235–1241.
Roudi-Fahimi, F., Creel, L. and De Souza, R-M. (2002). Finding the balance: Population and water scarcity in the Middle East and North Africa. Popul Ref Bur Policy Br. 1-8.
Salih, A.M.A. and Sendil, U. (1984). Evapotranspiration under extremely arid climates. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 110(3), 289-303.
Salehi, G.R., Ahmadpour, M. and Khoshnazar, H. (2011). Modeling of the Seawater Greenhouse Systems. Solar Thermal Application. 8-13 May., World Renewable Energy Congress, Linkoping, Sweden, pp. 3733-3740.
Tahri, T., Douania, M., Amouraa, M. and Bettahar,A. (2016). Study of influence of operational parameters on the mass condensate flux in the condenser of seawater greenhouse at Muscat, Oman. Desalination and Water Treatment, 57(30).1-8.
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 4
تیر 1400
صفحه 1105-1115

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار