نیاز آبی گیاه ریحان در گلخانه مجهز به مبدل حرارتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گرایش آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آب، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

4 گروه علوم باغبانی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران

چکیده

بخش قابل توجهی از مصرف آب در گلخانه­ها به فرآیندهای تبخیر-تعرق و خنک­سازی گلخانه اختصاص دارد. در مناطق خشک با توجه به رواج سیستم پوشال و پنکه برای خنک­سازی، حجم زیادی از آب استفاده شده در گلخانه­ها بدون استفاده و به صورت هوای مرطوب توسط پنکه به بیرون هدایت می­شود که توسط مبدل حرارتی قابل بازیافت بوده و امکان مصرف دوباره آن با فرآیند تقطیر وجود دارد. همچنین امکان استفاده از هوای خروجی از مبدل حرارتی به منظور خنک‌سازی وجود دارد. از این رو، هدف از انجام این تحقیق، بررسی تأثیر استفاده از هوای خروجی از مبدل حرارتی به منظور خنک‌سازی داخل گلخانه بر میزان نیاز آبی گیاه ریحان در دو فصل رشد است.به این منظور دو گلخانه یکی مجهز به مبدل حرارتی و دیگری بدون مبدل حرارتی به ابعاد 6 5 مترمربع و ارتفاع 2 متر احداث گردید. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از هوای خروجی از مبدل حرارتی برای خنک‌سازی گلخانه، باعث کاهش دمای محیط گلخانه نسبت به گلخانه بدون مبدل حرارتی شد. در دو دوره کشت، متوسط روزانه نیاز آبی گیاه ریحان برای گلخانه­های مجهز به مبدل حرارتی و بدون مبدل حرارتی به ترتیب 53/2 و 26/3 میلی­متر در کشت اول و 19/2 و 81/2 میلی­متر در کشت دوم برآورد شد که تفاوت این مقادیر معنی­دار بود. در این مطالعه مقدار عملکرد ریحان در دو گلخانه مجهز به مبدل حرارتی و بدون مبدل حرارتی طی دو دوره رشد تقریباً یکسان بود. همچنین عملکرد در دوره دوم رشد در هر دو گلخانه نسبت به دوره اول کاهش یافت. با توجه به کاهش مصرف آب و این­که مقدار قابل توجی از آب مصرفی نیز قابل بازیافت است، استفاده از مبدل حرارتی در گلخانه­ها به ویژه برای مناطق گرمسیری پیشنهاد می­گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Water Requirements of Basil in an Equipped Greenhouse with Heat Exchanger

نویسندگان [English]

  • Payam Kamali 1
  • S. Mehdy Hashemy Shahdany 2
  • Hamed Ebrahimian 3
  • Saman Javadi 2
  • Sasan Aliniaeifard 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Water Engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Iran
3 Associate professor in Irrigation & Drainage Eng. Dept. of Irrigation & Reclamation Eng. College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran
4 Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran. Email
چکیده [English]

A significant part of water consumption in greenhouses is related to the processes of evapotranspiration and cooling of the greenhouse. A large amount of water consumption in greenhouses is not used and in the form humid air is directed outside by the exhaust fans, which can be recycled by a heat exchanger and reused by the condensation process. It is also possible to use the exhaust air from the heat exchanger for cooling. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using the exhausted air from the heat exchanger, for cooling inside the greenhouse and on the water requirement of basil in two growing seasons. For this purpose, two greenhouses, one equipped with a heat exchanger and the other without the heat exchanger, were constructed with dimensions of 6×5 m2 and 2 meters in height. The results indicated that the greenhouse equipped with heat exchanger reduced the air temperature inside the greenhouse as compared to the greenhouse without the heat exchanger. In two growing periods, the average daily water requirements of basil for greenhouses equipped with heat exchangers and without heat exchangers were 2.53 and 3.26 mm in the first growing seasons and 2.19 and 2.81 mm in the second growing seasons, respectively, which showed significant difference between two greenhouses. In this study, the yield of basil in both greenhouses during the two growing periods was almost the same. Also, the yield in the second growing season in both greenhouses was lower than the one in the first growing seasons. Regarding the reduction of water consumption and the fact that a significant amount of water consumption can be recycled, the use of heat exchanger in greenhouses is suggested especially for tropical climate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Condensation
  • Evapotranspiration
  • Cooling
  • Greenhouse
  • Microclimate
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