بررسی عملکرد رآکتور زیستی تراشه چوب برای حذف نیترات از پساب‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه علوم مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

رآکتورهای زیستی تراشه چوب یکی از ارزان‌ترین روش‌های حذف نیترات از پساب‌ها، از جمله پساب‌ها می‎باشند. این تحقیق در دشت اردبیل و در پاییز سال 1399 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی انجام شد. این تحقیق با دو نوع هسته در رآکتورهای زیستی شامل تراشه چوب و مخلوط تراشه چوب و تراشه آهن، با 4 تکرار برای هریک، در قالب طرح فاکتوریل اجرا شد. غلظت نیترات ورودی به رآکتورها شامل سه سطح 50، 150 و 300 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر اعمال شد. غلظت نیترات در پساب خروجی از رآکتورها بعد از زمان‌های ماند 3، 6، 12، 24، 48، 72 و 96 ساعت اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد رآکتورهای با هسته تراشه چوب (7/54 درصد حذف) بهتر از حالتی بود که هسته از تراشه چوب و تراشه آهن (9/45 درصد حذف) تشکیل شده بود. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که بیش‌ترین تا کم‌ترین درصد حذف، در غلظت‌های 150، 300 و 50 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر،  به ترتیب به صورت متوسط با مقادیر 6/54، 3/50 و 5/45 اولویت‌بندی شدند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که زمان ماند تأثیر معنی‌داری بر مقدار حذف نیترات توسط رآکتورها دارد، به گونه‌ای که کم‌ترین مقدار حذف در زمان ماند 3 ساعت و به مقدار 3/4 درصد و بیش‎ترین مقدار حذف نیترات در زمان ماند 96 ساعت و با مقدار 3/89 درصد بدست آمد. نتایج کلی نشان داد که در شرایط انجام تحقیق رآکتورهای زیستی با هسته چوب عملکرد قابل قبولی در حذف نیترات دارند. همچنین با استفاده از نتایج این تحقیق، مشخص شد که برای ضریب زهکشی پیشنهادی برای شرایط کشور ایران (mm.day-12 ) و زمان ماند 96 ساعت کم‌تر از 2 درصد از مساحت زمین به احداث رآکتور زیستی اختصاص می‌یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Performance Investigation of Woodchip Bioreactor for Nitrate Removal from Wastewater

نویسندگان [English]

  • reza jalali 1
  • javanshir azizi mobaser 2
  • akbar ghavidel 3
  • Ali Rasoulzadeh 4
  • javad ramezani moghaddam 2
1 Student, MSc Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor. Department of Water Engineering Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
3 Associate Professor. Department of Soil Science Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
4 Associate Professor. Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده [English]

Wood chip bioreactors are one of the low-cost methods to remove nitrate from effluents, including wastewater effluents. This research was conducted in Ardabil plain and in the research farm of Mohaghegh Ardabil University during the autumn of 2021. Two types bioreactors; one including wood chip and the other including a mixture of wood chip and iron chip, each with four replications  were implemented in a factorial design. Three levels of nitrate concentration (50, 150, and 300 mg.l-1) were passed through the reactors and their effluents were measured after 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours retention time in the bioreactor. The results showed that the performance of reactors with wood chip core (54.7% removal) was better than the wood and iron chip (45.9% removal). Also, the results demonstrated that the removal percentage was in descending order at concentrations of 150, 300, and 50 mg.l-1, with the average values of 54.6, 50.3, and 45.5%, respectively. The results of variance analysis showed that the retention time have a significant effect on the amount of nitrate removal by reactors so that the minimum and the maximum removal (4.3% and 89.3%) were obtained from 3-hours and 96-houres retention time, respectively. In general, it can be concluded that under the conditions of this research, bioreactors with wood chip have acceptable performance in nitrate removal. Also, it was found for the suggested drainage coefficient in Iran (2 mm.day-1) and with a retention time of 96 hours, less than 2% of the land area is needed for bioreactor construction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioreactor
  • Nitrate
  • Retention time
  • Wood chip
  • Drainage coefficient
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