تأثیر محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک در شرایط کم‌آبیاری بر عملکرد و کارآیی مصرف آب خیار (Cucumis sativus cv. Kish F1)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار و عضو هیات علمی گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

2 فارغ‌التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 دانشیار و عضو هیات علمی گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

چکیده

کم‌آبیاری روش مدیریت مصرف آب است که با حذف آب اضافه، موجب افزایش کارآیی مصرف آب می‌شود. کاربرد تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاه (مانند اسید سالیسیلیک) باعث افزایش مقاومت گیاهان تحت تنش می‌شود. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثر محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک در سطوح متفاوت آبیاری بر عملکرد و کارآیی مصرف آب بود. پژوهش بر اساس آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار از خرداد تا آبان ماه 1397 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه زنجان روی گیاه خیار رقم (cv. Kish F1) انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش غلظت اسید سالیسیلیک در 3 سطح (0/3، 5/1 و صفر میلی‌مولار) و سطوح آبیاری در 3 سطح (100، 80 و 60 درصد نیاز آبی) بود. تیمار 100 درصد نیاز آبی و صفر میلی‌مولار اسید سالیسلیک به­عنوان تیمار شاهد در نظر گرفته شد. بر اساس نتایج، محلول‌پاشی بوته‌های خیار با 0/3 میلی‌مولار اسید سالیسیلیک نسبت به تیمار صفر میلی‌مولار، باعث 32 درصد افزایش در میانگین شاخص کلروفیل برگ در تیمار 100 درصد نیاز آبی و 21 و 4/9 درصد افزایش در میانگین سطح برگ و محتوای نسبی آب برگ (به ترتیب) در تیمار 80 درصد نیاز آبی شد. بیش‌ترین میانگین تعداد میوه در بوته، عملکرد کل و کارآیی مصرف آب در تیمار 0/3 میلی‌مولار اسید سالیسیلیک حاصل شد (به­ترتیب 9/9 عدد، 1/34 تن در هکتار و 1/15 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب) که نسبت به تیمار صفر میلی‌مولار اسید سالیسیلیک به ترتیب 4/38، 0/39 و 0/40 درصد افزایش داشت. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش، اعمال 20 درصد کم‌آبیاری و 0/3 میلی‌مولار اسید سالیسیلیک برای گیاه خیار در منطقه زنجان پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Salicylic Acid Foliar Application under Deficit Irrigation Conditions on Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus cv. Kish F1)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jaefar Nikbakht 1
  • ebrahim mohammadi 2
  • Taher Barzegar 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
2 M.Sc. Graduated of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Deficit irrigation is a method for water use management that water use efficiency increases by eliminating excess water. Application of crop growth regulators such as Salicylic Acid increase the resistance of crops under water stress. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of Salicylic Acid foliar application under deficit irrigation conditions on yield of cucumber and water use efficiency. This study was contacted as factorial test based on randomized complete blocks in 3 treatments since June to November 2018 in The Research Filed of University of Zanjan on cucumber (cv. Kish F1). Experimental treatments were Salicylic Acid concentration in 3 levels (3.0, 1.5 and 0.0 mM) and irrigation water amount in 3 levels (100, 80 and 60% of crop water requirement). The control treatment was 100% crop water requirement and 0.0 mM Salicylic Acid. Based on the results, the foliar applicasion of 3.0 mM Salicylic Acid increased chlorophyll index, 32% at 100% crop water requirement and leaf area and relative water contants, 21% and 9.4% (respectivevly) at 80% crop water requirement as compared to the control treatment. Maximum means of fruits number per plant, total yield and water use efficiency were obtained at 3.0 mM salicylic acid foliar application (respectivevly 9.9, 34.1 ton/ha and 15.1 kg/m3) that they were 38.4%, 39.0% and 40.0% more than the one in treatment of 0.0 mM Salicylic Acid. Considering the results of current research, applicasion of 20% deficit irrigation and 3.0 mM Salicylic Acid as foliar application are suggested for cucumber in the region of Zanjan.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Salicylic Acid
  • Cucumber
  • Deficit irrigation
  • Crop water requirement
  • Water use efficiency
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