تأثیر ریزوباکترهای محرک رشد گیاه (Enterobacter cloacae) بر جذب و کارایی جذب پتاسیم در گیاه نیشکر (Saccharum officinarum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکترا، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران

2 استاد، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک, دانشکده کشاورزی, دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک, دانشکده کشاورزی, دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران

چکیده

کشت متراکم و پیوسته نیشکر بدون مصرف کود پتاسیمی، منجر به کاهش منابع پتاسیم در خاک شده است. به منظور بررسی کارایی جذب پتاسیم در دو مدیریت کود دهی، مشابه با کشت جدید نیشکر (پلنت) و سنین بازرویی (راتون) و نیز تأثیر ریزوباکترهای محرک رشد گیاه بر کارایی جذب پتاسیم، یک آزمایش گلدانی با سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانه انجام شد. تیمارها شامل ترکیب دو سطح کود فسفر (شامل صفر (p 0) و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار (p 200)) و سه سطح ریزوباکتر (شامل شاهد (B0)، انتروباکتر سویه R13 (B13) و انتروباکتر سویه R33 (B33)) بودند. خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی اندام هوایی و ریشه و تغییرات پتاسیم در ریزوسفر در سه زمان برداشت 60، 95 و 140 روز پس از کشت بررسی شدند. در شرایط مشابه با کشت نیشکر، بیشترین مقدار جریان ورودی (اینفلاکس) و جذب پتاسیم در تیمارهای p 200B13 و p 200B0 مشاهده شد در صورتی که بیشترین طول ریشه در تیمار p 200B33 مشاهده شد. این در حالی است که در شرایط مشابه با بازرویی نیشکر، بدون مصرف کود شیمیایی، بیشترین مقدار جریان ورودی و جذب پتاسیم در تیمار p 0B33 مشاهده شد. در فاصله دو برداشت آخر، جریان ورودی پتاسیم در تیمار شاهد (p 0B0) کاهش شدیدی نشان داد که در تیمارهای تلقیح شده، کاهش جریان ورودی پتاسیم مشاهده نشد. بنابراین در شرایط مشابه کشت نیشکر، استفاده از ریزوباکتر سویه R13 سبب بهبود کارایی جذب پتاسیم توسط گیاه نیشکر شد در حالی که در شرایط مشابه با سنین بازرویی، استفاده از ریزوباکترها به‌ویژه R33 توانست جذب و کارایی جذب پتاسیم را افزایش دهد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که جریان ورودی پتاسیم، مکانیزم اصلی جذب پتاسیم به‌ویژه در استفاده از ریزوباکترها در گیاه نیشکر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (Enterobacter cloacae) on Uptake and Uptake Efficiency of Potassium in Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeed Safirzadeh 1
  • Mostafa Chorom 2
  • Naeimeh Enayatizamir 3
1 Ph.D of Soil Science, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Associate professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Intensive cropping of sugarcane and no application of potassium (K) fertilizer resulted a reduction of K pools in the soil. In order to evaluate the potassium uptake efficiency in two different fertilizer managements, new plantation of sugarcane and ratoon, and to investigate the effect of indigenous plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on potassium uptake, a pot experiment with three replications was carried out in greenhouse condition. Treatments were the combination of two P rates (including: blank (p < sub>0) and 200 kg/ha (p < sub>200)), and two plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria strains (including: Enterobacter cloacae R13 (B13) and Enterobacter cloacae R33 (B33)). The morphological characteristics of sugarcane and root and potassium in the rhizosphere were evaluated at three harvesting times (60, 95 and 140 days after planting (DAP)). In management similar to plantation of sugarcane, higher K uptake and influx were found in p < sub>200B0 and p < sub>200B13 treatments, while the highest root length was observed in p < sub>200B33 treatment. In management like to ratoon, the greatest K uptake and influx were observed in p < sub>0B33 treatment. At the second harvesting period (between 95 and 140 DAP), K influx decreased severely in p < sub>0R0 treatment in comparison with the first harvesting period, while it was not occurred in the inoculated treatments. Therefore, in new sugarcane plantation condition, Enterobacter cloacae R13 improved K uptake efficiency, while in ratoon stage, Enterobacter cloacae R33 abled to increase uptake and uptake efficiency of K. Also, the result showed that the influx was the main mechanism of K uptake in sugarcane in inoculated treatments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Potassium uptake
  • Influx
  • Enterobacter cloacae
  • Root length
  • Sugarcane
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