Investigation of physicochemical characteristics of biochars derived from corn residue and sugarcane bagasse in different pyrolysis temperature

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D Student, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

2 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

3 Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

Abstract

Pyrolysis of feedstocks and producing biochar is a suitable technique for agricultural wastes management, carbon sequestration and soil amelioration. The study of structural and physicochemical properties of biochars, which are strongly dependent on the type of feedstock and pyrolysis temperature, is very important to identify the suitable application of biochar in the soil. The objective of this research was to investigate the properties changes of biochars derived from corn residue and sugarcane bagasse under different pyrolysis temperatures. This study was carried out under laboratory conditions based on a randomized complete design with eight treatments of corn residue, sugarcane bagasse and their biochars and in three replications. Biochars were produced at 200, 350 and 500˚C pyrolysis temperatures under slow pyrolysis conditions. Results indicated that increasing pyrolysis temperature from 200 to 500˚C, in corn residue and sugarcane bagasse treatments, decreased the yield (29.24 and 23.6% respectively), volatile matter (29.8 and 32.5%), cation exchange capacity (32.5 and 29.8%) and the ratios of C/N, H/C and O/C while led to increase the ash content of corn residue and sugarcane bagasse biochars (20.3 and 42.3% respectively), fixed carbon (23.2 and 14.7%), pH, EC, aromatic compounds and nutrients concentration. Concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium were greater in the corn residue than in the sugarcane bagasse treatments, but the C/N ratio were greater in the sugarcane bagasse treatments. Based on the results of this study, it could be concluded that biochars produced at 500˚C temperature can be more effective in carbon sequestration in the soil, whereas biochars produced at 200 and 350˚C temperatures are more suitable for improving soil fertility.

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References

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Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
Volume 50, Issue 3
August 2019
Pages 725-739

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