Determining Geological Formation Contribution in Suspended Sediment Yield Using Sediment Fingerprinting Technique (Ziarat Drainage Basin, Golestan Province)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 department of Physical geography, factually of earth science, shahid beheshti university, tehran, iran

2 department of physic, Malek Ashtar university, tehran, iran

3 department of physical geography, factually of earth science, shahid beheshti university, tehran- iran

Abstract

Sediment tracing method has been proven as a successful and effective method to determining sediment sources contribution in sediment yield in recent two decades. Ziarat drainage basin in Golestan province is one of the water supply resources in Gorgan city. The main lithological formations in the study area are Gorgan Schists, Quaternary alluvial deposits, Shemshak and Khosh yeylagh Formation which could have an important role in erosion and sediment yield. For tracing sediment, 14 samples of suspended sediment from catchment outlet during precipitation events and 43 representative samples of geologic formations (as sediment sources) from the soil surface (depth of 0-5 cm) were collected and geochemical elements, 137Cs and organic carbon were measured in the samples as tracers. The optimum set of tracers was selected by using Kruskal-Wallis test and discriminate function analysis. The results of this study indicate that the tracers including OC, 137Cs and Cu have the most potential to discriminate the sediment sources. The result of the sediment fingerprinting mixing model showed that Shemshak formation, fluvial deposition, Khosh yeylagh and Shist formation have 42, 31/9 and 23/7, 1.6% of the sediment contributions in sediment yield, respectively.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Alewell C., Birkholz A., Meusburger K., Schindler Wildhaber Y., (2016).Quantitative sediment source attribution with compound-specific isotope analysis in C3-lant dominated catchment (central Switzerland). Journal of Biogeosciences 13. 1587-1597.
Barthod L.R.M., Liu K., Lobb D.A., Ownes P.N., Martines N., Koiter A.J., Petticrew E.L.,(2015). Selecting color-based tracers and classifying sediment sources in the assessment of sediment dynamic using sediment sources fingerprinting Journal of Environment Quality 44, 1605-1616.
Carter, J., Owens, P N., Walling, D, E., and Leeks, Graham J. L. (2003). Fingerprinting suspended sediment sources in a large urban river system. Journal of Science of The Total Environment, 314: 513-534.
Chun L., Zhongwu L., Xiaofeng Ch., JijunHe., Xiaodong Ni ., LinLiu., HaibingXiao., Danyang W., Hao Pe  ., Guangming Z. (2018). Soil carbon and nitrogen sources and redistribution as affected by erosion and deposition processes: A case study in a loess hilly-gully catchment, China. Journal of Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 253, Pages 11-22.
Collins A.L., Pulley S., Foster I.D.L., Gellis A., Porto P., Horowitz A.J.M (2017). Sediment source fingerprinting as an aid to catchment management : A review of the current state of knowledge and a methodological decision-tree for end-users. Journal of environment management. 194: 86-108.
Collins A.L., Zhang Y.S., Hickinbotham R., Bailey G., Darlington S., Grenfell S.E., Evan R., Blackewll M., (2013a). Contemporary fine-grained bed sediment sources across the river wensum demonstration test catchment UK. Journal of Hydrolgy. Process 27. 857-884.
Collins A.L., Walling D.E., Leeks G.J.L (1997) . Source type ascripition for fluvial suspended sediment based on a quantitative composite fingerprinting technique. Journal of CATENA, 29:1-27.
Collins A.L., Walling D.E.,. ( 2004:). Documenting catchment suspended sediment sources:problems, approaches and prospects, Progress in Physical Geography,. 28:, 159-196.
Collins, A., & Walling, D. (2007). Sources of fine sediment recovered from the channel bed of lowland groundwater-fed catchments in the UK. Journal of Geomorphology, 88:120-138
Collins, A. L., Williams, L. J., Zhang, Y. S., Marius, M., Dungait, J. A. J., Smallman, D. J., Naden, P. S. (2013b). Catchment source contributions to the sediment-bound organic matter degrading salmonid spawning gravels in a lowland river, southern England. Journal of Science of The Total Environment, 456: 181-195.
Cooper, R., Krueger, T., Hiscock, K, M., and Rawlins, Barry G. (2015) . High-temporal resolution fluvial sediment source fingerprinting with uncertainty: a Bayesian approach. Journal of Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 40: 78-92.
Cooke, D. R., Hollings, P., Wilkinson, J. J., & Tosdal, R. M. (2014). Geochemistry of Porphyry Deposits. In H. D. H. K. Turekian (Ed.), Treatise on Geochemistry (Second Edition)).
Consultant engineering pazhhab-sharg, technical report of Ziarat basin flood and sediment control project – abstract study- phase 1. (2010). (in farsi)
Devereux, O, H., Prestegaard, K. L., Needelman, B. A., and Gellis, Allen C. (2010) . Suspended-sediment sources in an urban watershed, Northeast Branch Anacostia River, Maryland. Journal of Hydrological Processes, 24:1391-1403.
D Haen K, Verstraeten G., Dusar B,. Degryse B., Heax J., Walkens M. (2012) . Unravelling changing sediment sources in a Mediterranean mountain catchment Bayesian fingerprinting approach. Journal of HydrologicalProcesses. 27:896-927.
Evrard, O., Laceby P.J., Huon S., Lefevre I., Sengtaheuanghoung O., Ribolz O.,(2016).Combinig multiple fallout radionuclides (137Cs., 7Be., 210Pbex) to investigate temporal sediment source dynamics in tropical ephemeral river systems. Journal of Soils Sediments 16, 1130-1144.
Feiznia S., Ahmadi H., Moazzami M., Fahmi H. (2009) Investigation and determination of sediment source proportion by using soil natural tracers( case study: Abolfars khuzestan). Journal of watershes and grasland – iran natural source. 63: pp, 503-514.(in farsi)
Fox, J. F., & Papanicolaou, A. N. (2008) . An un-mixing model to study watershed erosion processes. Journal of Advances in Water Resources, 31: 96-108.
Gellis A.C. Hupp C.R., Pavich M.J., Landwehr J.M., Banks W.S.L., Hubbard B,E., Langland M.J., Ritchie J.C., Reuter J.M., (2009). Sources transport and storage of chespeake bay watershed U.S. Journal of Geology .Survey. Science. Investigation. Rep.2008-5186,95.
Gingele F.X. and De Deckker P., (2005). Clay mineral geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic fingerprinting of sediments in the Murray-Darling fluvial system southeast Australia Aust. Journal of Earth Science 52. 956-974.
Hessami. D. (2001). Sediment tracing input to Zarivar Kordestan province to determine formation sedimentation and erosion, Master science thesis, university Tehran. (in farsi)
Kouhpeyma A., Moazzami M., Feiznia S., Ghadimi H. (2009). Determination of source sediment relative proportion based of sediment fingerprinting. 8th international conference of river engineering. Ahwaz- shahid Chamran university. (In farsi)
Lindsey, David A, Langer, William H, & Van Gosen, Bradley S. (2007). Using pebble lithology and roundness to interpret gravel provenance in piedmont fluvial systems of the Rocky Mountains, USA. Sedimentary Geology, 199(3), 223-232. Journal of
Massoudieh, A., Gellis, A., Banks, W. S., and Wieczorek, M, E,. (2013) . Suspended sediment source apportionment in Chesapeake Bay watershed using Bayesian chemical mass balance receptor modeling. Journal of Hydrological Processes, 27: 3363-3374.
Nosrati, K. Govers, G. Ahmadi, H. Sharifi, F. Amoozegar, M, Merckx, R. and Vanmaercke, M. (2011) . An exploratory study on the use of enzyme activities as sediment tracers: biochemical fingerprints? International Journal of Sediment Research, 26: 136-151.
Nosrati K., Ahmadi F., Nazari Samani A.A., Sarvati M.R. (2015). Determin role of land use in suspended sediment and bed load yield based on sediment fingerprinting in Taleghani watershed, Khorramabad. Iranian Journal of Natural Resources.68:4:pp765-751.
Nosrati k, Govers G, Semmenes B.X, and Ward E,J., (2014). A mixing model to incorporate uncertainty in sediment fingerprinting. Journal of CATENA, 217: 173-180.
Palazon L., Latorre B., Gaspar L., Blake,HB., Smith H.G. Navas A. (2015). Comparing catchment sediment fingerprinting procedures using an autoevaluation approach with virtual sample mixture Journal of Science Total Environment 532,456-466.
Sadeghi S.H., Najafi S., Riyahi Bakhtiari A. (2017) Sediment contribution from different geologic formations and land uses in an Iranian small watershed, case study. International Journal of Sediment Research. 32, Issue 2, June 2017, Pages 210-220
Samadi Arghini, H, Feiznia. S, Nazari Samani A.A. (2013). Using magnetic properties to investigating effect geology units in sediment yield. Journal of Iranian Journal of Watershed Management Science and Engineerin, 25(2):46-39 (in Persian with English abstract).
Smith H.G. and Blake W.H. (2014). Sediment fingerprinting in agricultural catchments: a critical re-examination of source sediment discrimination and data correction. Journal of Geomorphology 204. 177-191.
Walling, DE, Collins, AL, & Sichingabula, HM. (2003). Using unsupported lead-210 measurements to investigate soil erosion and sediment delivery in a small Zambian catchment. Geomorphology, 52(3), 193-213.
Wallbrink, P.J., Murray, A.S., Olley, J.M., Olive, L.J., (1998). Determining the sources and transit times of suspended sediment in the Murrumbidgee River, New South Wales, Australia, using fallout 137C and 210Pb. Water Resources Research 34 (4), 879–887.
Wilkinson, Scott N., Hancock, Gary J., Bartley, Rebecca, Hawdon, Aaron A., & Keen, Rex J. (2013). Using sediment tracing to assess processes and spatial patterns of erosion in grazed rangelands, Burdekin River basin, Australia. Journal of Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 180(0), 90-102.
Wilkinson S.,  Wallbrinkb P.J., Hancockb G.,.BlakecdR.A., .ShakesbyeS...Doerr F. (2009). Fallout radionuclide tracers identify a switch in sediment sources and transport-limited sediment yield following wildfire in a eucalypt forest. Journal of GEOMORPHOLOGY.110- 3,4. PP 140-151
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
Volume 50, Issue 2
March and April 2019
Pages 379-387

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics