Isolation and identification of poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA) bacteria from Municipal Solid Waste Compost

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Former Graduated Student, Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

Environmental pollutions caused by petroleum polymers and the limitation of petroleum resources have led to the development of bio based polymers and progress in reducing dependence on fossil fuels. In recent years poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) has received much attention in paper coatings, films, packaging materials and biomedical fields because of water-solubility, nontoxicity, excellent chemical resistance, proper barrier and  biodegradability properties. In spite of its growing use, information on its destruction, especially the role of Bactria in this process is relatively low. The aim of this study is isolation and identification of PVA degrading bacterium from the municipal solid wastes composted. Compost samples were collected from solid municipal wastes in Karaj Compost plant during the process of compost production. Poly (vinyl alcohol) films were prepared by using liquid nitrogen, freeze drying and hot press techniques. The specimens were buried in municipal solid waste for 150 days. Then, the number of bacteria was counted on the culture medium. Isolation of the bacterium was done by culturing the bacteria on poly (vinyl alcohol) films. New poly (vinyl alcohol) degrading bacteria were isolated from municipal solid waste composted by using enrichments on poly (vinyl alcohol) films. Then isolated bacterium was identified by PCR with 16S rDNA method. In this study, the maximum number of bacteria was 280±0.1 at a medium with poly (vinyl alcohol) films, and the minimum number of bacteria was 110±0.3 at control medium. Following molecular identification and sequencing of 16S rDNA gene, the BLAST showed high similarity sequence of the sample with Pseudomonas geniculate. This paper is the first report on polyvinyl alcohol degradation by Pseudomonas geniculate.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Campos, A.D., Marconato J. C., and Martins-Franchetti S. M. (2011). Biodegradation of blend films PVA/PVC, PVA/PCL in Soil and Soil with Landfill Leachate. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 54 (6), 1367-1378.
Chiellini, E., Corti, A., and Solaro R. (1999). Biodegradation of polyvinyl alcoholbased blown films under different environmental conditions. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 64, 305-312.
Chiellini, E., Corti, A., Antone, S. D., and Solaro, R. (2003). Biodegradation of poly(vinyl alcohol)based materials. Progress in Polymer Scnience, 28, 963-1014.
Chandra, R., and Rustgi, R. (1998). Biodegradable polymers. Progress in Polymer Science, 23, 1273-1335
Chen, J., Zhang, Y., Du, G. C., Hua , Z. Z., and Zhu, Y. (2007). Biodegradation ofpolyvinyl alcohol by a mixed microbial culture. Enzyme and Microbial Technology40, 1686- 1691.
Corti, A., Solaro, R., and Chiellini, E. (2002). Biodegradation of poly (vinyl alcohol) in selected mixed
microbial culture and relevant culture filtrate.Polymer Degradation and Stability2002; 75 ,447-45.
Gomez, E. F., F, C., and Michel, J. r. (2013). Biodegradability of conventional and bio-based plastics and natural fiber composites during composting, anaerobic digestion and long-term soil incubation. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 98, 2583-2591.
Fourti, O., Jedidi, N., and Hassen, A. ( 2008). Behavior of main microbiological parameters and of enteric microorganisms during the composting of municipal solid wastes and sewage sludge in a semi Industrial composting plant. American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 4(8): 103-10.
Fusakok, K., and HU, X. (2009).  Biochemistry of microbial polyvinyl alcohol degradation. Applied Microbial and Biotechnology,. 84, 220-227.
Jecu, L., Grosu, E., Raut, I., Ghiurea, M., Constantin, M., Stoica, A., Stroescu, M., and Vasilescu, G. (2012).Fungal degradation of polymeric materials. Applied Microbial and Cell Physiology, 65, 97-104.
Hopewell, J., Dvorak, R., and Kosior, E. (2009). Plastics recycling: challenges and opportunities. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Series B, 364, 2115-2126.
Hatanaka, T., Asahi, N., and Tsuji, M. (1995). Purification and characterization of poly vinyl alcohol dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas sp. 113P3. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 59, 1813-1816.
Hashimoto, S., and Fujita, M. (1985). Isolation of bacterium requiring three amino acids for polyvinyl alcohol degradation. Journal of Fermentation Technology, 63,471–474.
Kim, D. Y., and Rhee Y. H. (2003). Biodegradation of microbial and synthetic polyesters by fungi. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 61, 300-308.
Lodha, P. (2004). Fundamental approaches to improving performance of soy protein isolate basedgreen’ plastics and composites. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University..
Liu, X., Sheng, X., Lee, J. K., and Kessler, M. R. (2009). The biodegradation ofpolymers. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering,  294, 21-35.
Leja, K., and Lewandowicz, G., (2010). Polymer biodegradation and biodegradable polymers–a review. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 19, 255-266.
Matsumara, S., Kurita, H., and Shimokobe, H (1994). Anaerobic biodegradability of polyvinyl alcohol. Biotechnology Letters, 15, 749-754.
Mori,T., Sakimoto, M., Kagi, T., and Sakai, T. (1996). Isolation and characterization of a strain of Bacillus megaterium that degrades polyvinyl alcohol.Bioscience. Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 60, 330-332.
Mori, T., Sakimoto, M., Kagi, T. and Sakai, T. (1997). Enzymatic desizing of polyvinyl alcohol from cotton fabrics. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 68, 151-156.
Mollasalehi, S. (2013). Fungal biodegradation of poly (vinyl alcohol) in soil and compost environments. Ph. D. dissertation, University of Manchester.
Premraj, P., and Doble, M. (2005). Biodegradation of polymers . Indian journal of Biotechnology, 4, 186-193.
Phua, Y.J., Chow, W. S., and Mohd Ishak, Z. A. (2011).  Mechanical properties and structure development in poly(butylenesuccinate)/organo-montmorillonite nanocomposites under uniaxial cold rolling. eXPRESS Polymer Letters, 5, 93–103.
Phillip, E.A. (2010). The design and construction of a pilot-scale compost reactor for the study of gas emissions from compost under different physical conditions. Ph. D. dissertation, University OF Montreal.
Suzuki, T., Ichihara, Y., Yamada, M. and Tonomura, K. (1973). Some characteristics of Pseudomonas O-3 which utilizes polyvinyl alcohol. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 37, 747-756.
Sakazawa C., Shimao, M., Taniguchi, Y., and Kato, N. (1981). Symbiotic utilization of polyvinyl alcohol by mixed cultures. Applied and Environmental Microbiology., 41, 261-267.
Shimao, M., Ninomiy, K., Kuno, O., Kato, N., and Sakazawa, C. (1982). Existence of a novel enzyme, pyrroloquinoline quinonedependent polyvinyl alcohol dehydrogenase, in a bacterial symbiont, Pseudomonas sp. strain VM15C. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 51, 268-275.
Shimao, M. (2001). Biodegradation of plastics. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 12, 242 -247.
Schadd, N. W., Jones, J. B., and Chun, W. (2001). Laboratory guide for identification of plant pathogenic bacteria. The American Phytopathological Society. (pp. 76-336).
 Salehpour, Sh., Jonoobi, M., Ahmadzadeh, M., Siracusa, V., Rafieian, F., and Oksman, K. (2018). Biodegradation and ecotoxicological impact of celluose nanocomposites in municipal solid waste composting.International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 111, 264-270.
Semenov, S.A., Gumargalieva. K.Z., and Zaikov, G.E. (2003). Biodegrdation and durability of materialsunder the effect of microorganisms. Boston, MA: VSP BV.
Shah, A., Hasan, F., Hameed, A. and Ahmed, S. (2008). Biological degradation of plastics: A comprehensive review. Biotechnology Advances, 26, 246-265
Silvério, H.A., Flauzino Neto ,W.P. and Pasquini, D. (2013) Effect of incorporating cellulose nanocrystals from corncob on the tensile, thermal and barrier properties of poly(Vinyl Alcohol) nanocomposites. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2013, 1-9 .
Raghul, S. S., Bhat, S. G., Chandrasekaran, M., Francis, V., and Thachil, E. T. (2014). Biodegradation of polyvinyl alcohol-low linear density polyethylene-blended plastic film by consortium of marine benthic vibrios. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 11, 1827–1834.
Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M., Kumar, S., (2007). Mega4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (Mega) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 24, 199–211.
Tsujiyama, S.I., Nitta, T. and Maoka, T. (2011). Biodegradation of polyvinylalcohol by Flammulina velutipes in an unsubmerged culture. Journal of Bioscienceand Bioengineering, 122, 58-62.
Teimouri, M., Korori, S.A.A., Matinizadeh, M., and Khoshnevis, M. (2005). Isolation and identification of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from Vaz forest soil.Pajouhesh ad Sazandegi, 65, 57-64. (In Farsi)
Ullah, M., Weng, C., Li, H., Sun, Sh., Zhang, H., Song, A. H., and Zhu. H. (2017). Degradation of polyvinyl alcohol by a novel bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas sp SA21. Environmental Technology, 65, 1-6
Watanabe, Y., Hamada, N., Morita, M. and Tsujisaka, Y. (1976). Purification and properties of a polyvinyl alcohol-degrading enzyme produced by a strain of Pseudomonas. Biochemistry and Biophysics, 174, 575-58.
Zakaria, M.R., Tabatabaei, M., Ghazali, F.M., Abd-Aziz, S., Shirai, Y., Hassan, M.A(2010). Polyhydroxy alkanoate production from anaerobically treated palm oil mill effluent bynew bacterial strain Comamonas sp. EB172. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 26, 767–774.
Campos, A.D., Marconato J. C., and Martins-Franchetti S. M. (2011). Biodegradation of blend films PVA/PVC, PVA/PCL in Soil and Soil with Landfill Leachate. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 54 (6), 1367-1378.
Chiellini, E., Corti, A., and Solaro R. (1999). Biodegradation of polyvinyl alcoholbased blown films under different environmental conditions. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 64, 305-312.
Chiellini, E., Corti, A., Antone, S. D., and Solaro, R. (2003). Biodegradation of poly(vinyl alcohol)based materials. Progress in Polymer Scnience, 28, 963-1014.
Chandra, R., and Rustgi, R. (1998). Biodegradable polymers. Progress in Polymer Science, 23, 1273-1335
Chen, J., Zhang, Y., Du, G. C., Hua , Z. Z., and Zhu, Y. (2007). Biodegradation ofpolyvinyl alcohol by a mixed microbial culture. Enzyme and Microbial Technology40, 1686- 1691.
Corti, A., Solaro, R., and Chiellini, E. (2002). Biodegradation of poly (vinyl alcohol) in selected mixed
microbial culture and relevant culture filtrate.Polymer Degradation and Stability2002; 75 ,447-45.
Gomez, E. F., F, C., and Michel, J. r. (2013). Biodegradability of conventional and bio-based plastics and natural fiber composites during composting, anaerobic digestion and long-term soil incubation. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 98, 2583-2591.
Fourti, O., Jedidi, N., and Hassen, A. ( 2008). Behavior of main microbiological parameters and of enteric microorganisms during the composting of municipal solid wastes and sewage sludge in a semi Industrial composting plant. American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 4(8): 103-10.
Fusakok, K., and HU, X. (2009).  Biochemistry of microbial polyvinyl alcohol degradation. Applied Microbial and Biotechnology,. 84, 220-227.
Jecu, L., Grosu, E., Raut, I., Ghiurea, M., Constantin, M., Stoica, A., Stroescu, M., and Vasilescu, G. (2012).Fungal degradation of polymeric materials. Applied Microbial and Cell Physiology, 65, 97-104.
Hopewell, J., Dvorak, R., and Kosior, E. (2009). Plastics recycling: challenges and opportunities. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Series B, 364, 2115-2126.
Hatanaka, T., Asahi, N., and Tsuji, M. (1995). Purification and characterization of poly vinyl alcohol dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas sp. 113P3. Bioscience, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 59, 1813-1816.
Hashimoto, S., and Fujita, M. (1985). Isolation of bacterium requiring three amino acids for polyvinyl alcohol degradation. Journal of Fermentation Technology, 63,471–474.
Kim, D. Y., and Rhee Y. H. (2003). Biodegradation of microbial and synthetic polyesters by fungi. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 61, 300-308.
Lodha, P. (2004). Fundamental approaches to improving performance of soy protein isolate basedgreen’ plastics and composites. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University..
Liu, X., Sheng, X., Lee, J. K., and Kessler, M. R. (2009). The biodegradation ofpolymers. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering,  294, 21-35.
Leja, K., and Lewandowicz, G., (2010). Polymer biodegradation and biodegradable polymers–a review. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 19, 255-266.
Matsumara, S., Kurita, H., and Shimokobe, H (1994). Anaerobic biodegradability of polyvinyl alcohol. Biotechnology Letters, 15, 749-754.
Mori,T., Sakimoto, M., Kagi, T., and Sakai, T. (1996). Isolation and characterization of a strain of Bacillus megaterium that degrades polyvinyl alcohol.Bioscience. Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 60, 330-332.
Mori, T., Sakimoto, M., Kagi, T. and Sakai, T. (1997). Enzymatic desizing of polyvinyl alcohol from cotton fabrics. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 68, 151-156.
Mollasalehi, S. (2013). Fungal biodegradation of poly (vinyl alcohol) in soil and compost environments. Ph. D. dissertation, University of Manchester.
Premraj, P., and Doble, M. (2005). Biodegradation of polymers . Indian journal of Biotechnology, 4, 186-193.
Phua, Y.J., Chow, W. S., and Mohd Ishak, Z. A. (2011).  Mechanical properties and structure development in poly(butylenesuccinate)/organo-montmorillonite nanocomposites under uniaxial cold rolling. eXPRESS Polymer Letters, 5, 93–103.
Phillip, E.A. (2010). The design and construction of a pilot-scale compost reactor for the study of gas emissions from compost under different physical conditions. Ph. D. dissertation, University OF Montreal.
Suzuki, T., Ichihara, Y., Yamada, M. and Tonomura, K. (1973). Some characteristics of Pseudomonas O-3 which utilizes polyvinyl alcohol. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 37, 747-756.
Sakazawa C., Shimao, M., Taniguchi, Y., and Kato, N. (1981). Symbiotic utilization of polyvinyl alcohol by mixed cultures. Applied and Environmental Microbiology., 41, 261-267.
Shimao, M., Ninomiy, K., Kuno, O., Kato, N., and Sakazawa, C. (1982). Existence of a novel enzyme, pyrroloquinoline quinonedependent polyvinyl alcohol dehydrogenase, in a bacterial symbiont, Pseudomonas sp. strain VM15C. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 51, 268-275.
Shimao, M. (2001). Biodegradation of plastics. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 12, 242 -247.[A1] 
Schadd, N. W., Jones, J. B., and Chun, W. (2001). Laboratory guide for identification of plant pathogenic bacteria. The American Phytopathological Society. (pp. 76-336).
 Salehpour, Sh., Jonoobi, M., Ahmadzadeh, M., Siracusa, V., Rafieian, F., and Oksman, K. (2018). Biodegradation and ecotoxicological impact of celluose nanocomposites in municipal solid waste composting.International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 111, 264-270.
Semenov, S.A., Gumargalieva. K.Z., and Zaikov, G.E. (2003). Biodegrdation and durability of materialsunder the effect of microorganisms. Boston, MA: VSP BV.
Shah, A., Hasan, F., Hameed, A. and Ahmed, S. (2008). Biological degradation of plastics: A comprehensive review. Biotechnology Advances, 26, 246-265
Silvério, H.A., Flauzino Neto ,W.P. and Pasquini, D. (2013) Effect of incorporating cellulose nanocrystals from corncob on the tensile, thermal and barrier properties of poly(Vinyl Alcohol) nanocomposites. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2013, 1-9 .
Raghul, S. S., Bhat, S. G., Chandrasekaran, M., Francis, V., and Thachil, E. T. (2014). Biodegradation of polyvinyl alcohol-low linear density polyethylene-blended plastic film by consortium of marine benthic vibrios. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 11, 1827–1834.
Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M., Kumar, S., (2007). Mega4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (Mega) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 24, 199–211.
Tsujiyama, S.I., Nitta, T. and Maoka, T. (2011). Biodegradation of polyvinylalcohol by Flammulina velutipes in an unsubmerged culture. Journal of Bioscienceand Bioengineering, 122, 58-62.
Teimouri, M., Korori, S.A.A., Matinizadeh, M., and Khoshnevis, M. (2005). Isolation and identification of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from Vaz forest soil.Pajouhesh ad Sazandegi, 65, 57-64. (In Farsi)
Ullah, M., Weng, C., Li, H., Sun, Sh., Zhang, H., Song, A. H., and Zhu. H. (2017). Degradation of polyvinyl alcohol by a novel bacterial strain Stenotrophomonas sp SA21. Environmental Technology, 65, 1-6
Watanabe, Y., Hamada, N., Morita, M. and Tsujisaka, Y. (1976). Purification and properties of a polyvinyl alcohol-degrading enzyme produced by a strain of Pseudomonas. Biochemistry and Biophysics, 174, 575-58.
Zakaria, M.R., Tabatabaei, M., Ghazali, F.M., Abd-Aziz, S., Shirai, Y., Hassan, M.A(2010). Polyhydroxy alkanoate production from anaerobically treated palm oil mill effluent bynew bacterial strain Comamonas sp. EB172. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 26, 767–774.
 
 
 
 [A1]سال این رفرنس با متن یکی نیست.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
Volume 49, Issue 5
September and October 2018
Pages 1181-1188

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