The effect of luteolin, seed exudate and salinity on the nod gene expression of R. meliloti using β-galactosidase activity assay

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Tehran

2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Tehran

3 2Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran

Abstract

Flavonoids play a crucial role as signal molecules in promoting the formation of nodules by symbiotic bacteria commonly known as rhizobia. Luteolin is one of the most important flavonoids, which release from seeds during the first 4 hours of imbibition. It also seems that high NaCl concentrations induce the nod genes the absence of flavonoid inducers. We studied the effect of luteolin, Seed exudate and salinity on the induction of nod genes in R. Meliloti carrying a plasmid with a translational fusion between R. Meliloti nodA and lacZ of Escherichia coli, and the expression activity was measured by β -galactosidase activity. The results showed that pretreatment of bacteria with luteolin and seed exudate increased the expression of the nodA gene, that the effect of seed exudate on gene expression was more than the effect of luteolin. The results also showed that high salinityو 300 and 400 mM led to the expression nod gene in the absence of flavonoids and when there is high NaCl and inducers simultaneously, the expression of nod gene was greater. It seems that, rhizobium use a possible mechanism to improve nodulation under stress conditions.Due to increasing salinity and synthetic fertilizers problem, it seems searching about salinity and symbiosis of rhizobium and legums is importan and necessary.

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References

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Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
Volume 49, Issue 4
July and August 2018
Pages 907-914

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