مرور و ارزیابی نظریه‌ها و مدل‌های تجربی پایداری وسایل نقلیه در سیلاب

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره)

2 استاد، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

دانش ارزیابی پایداری وسایل نقلیه در سیلاب برای مدیریت آگاهانه خطر سیل در مناطق شهری بسیار مهم است. ناپایداری خودروها در سیلاب به سه شکل لیز خوردن، شناوری و واژگونی می‌باشد که خسارات مالی و جانی زیادی را به همراه دارد؛ بنابراین ارزیابی پایداری وسایل نقلیه در سیلاب به‌منظور اتخاذ تصمیماتی برای کاهش خسارات و خطرات ناشی از آن حائز اهمیت است. مطالعات معدودی در زمینه تعیین آستانه ناپایداری وسایل نقلیه در سیلاب انجام شده است که تمرکز اغلب آن‌ها بر روی خودروهای پارک شده می‌باشد. مبحث مزبور در کشور ایران در حدی ابتدایی بوده و عملاً تاکنون کاری جدی دراین‌ارتباط صورت نگرفته است. در مقاله حاضر، مطالعات تجربی، نظری و تجربی- نظری انجام‌شده در زمینه آستانه ناپایداری خودروهای ساکن در سیلاب در دو بخش مطالعات اولیه در سال‌های 1960-2000 و مطالعات اخیر در سال‌های 2010-2020 مرور و مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. بعلاوه معیارهای ارائه‌شده در راهنمای بارش و رواناب استرالیا به‌عنوان منبعی کاربردی و درعین‌حال قابل‌اعتماد برای تعیین آستانه ناپایداری شرح داده می‌شود. مهم‌ترین دستاورد این تحقیق، مرور اکثر پژوهش‌های انجام‌شده برای پیش‌بینی رفتار خودروها در سیلاب، تفسیر و ارزیابی نقاط قوت و ضعف تحقیقات و روش‌های ارائه‌شده و درنهایت معرفی روش قابل‌استفاده در ایران و ارائه پیشنهاد‌هایی برای شروع تحقیقات کاربردی در این زمینه در کشور می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Review and Evaluation of Theories and Empirical Models of Vehicle Stability in Floods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reihaneh Golmohammadi 1
  • Alireza Shokoohi 2
1 Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International UNiversity
2 Professor, Water Engineering Department, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Knowledge of assessing the stability of vehicles in floodwater is crucial for conscious flood risk management in urban areas. Cars instability in floodwater is classified in three forms: slipping, floating, and overturning, which causes a lot of financial and human losses. Therefore, it is important to assess the stability of vehicles in floodwater to make decisions to reduce the damage and risks associated with it. Few studies have been conducted to determine the instability threshold of vehicles in floods, most of which focus on parked vehicles. This field of study in Iran is a primitive level and no specific work has been done in this regard so far. In this article, experimental, theoretical, and theoretical- experimental studies conducted in instability threshold of stationary vehicles field are reviewed in two periods of 1960-2000 and 2010-2020. In addition, the criteria set out in the Australian Rainfall and Runoff Guideline is used as the main source for determining the instability threshold. The most important achievement of this research is reviewing most of the researches done to predict the behavior of vehicles in flood events. In addition, the strengths and weaknesses of the researches and presented methods were interpreted and evaluated. Finally, the method which can be used in Iran introduced and offers for starting applied research in this field in the country suggested.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vehicle stability in flood
  • sliding
  • floating and toppling of vehicle
  • AR&R model
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