ارزیابی اثر GGBS فعال شده و آهک هیدراته بر روی بهسازی یک خاک رسی آلوده به متیل‌ترت‌بوتیل‌اتر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در این کار تحقیقاتی بهسازی یک خاک رسی آلوده شده به MTBE با استفاده از GGBS فعال شده به وسیله منیزیم‌اکسید و  آهک آبدیده مورد‌ مطالعه قرار گرفت. خاک آلوده به MTBE در آزمایشگاه با غلظت 25/2 g(MTBE)/kg(soil) به‌طور مصنوعی تهیه گردید و GGBS فعال شده با آهک آبدیده با درصدهای مختلف به آن اضافه شد. آزمایش‌هایی شامل حدود اتربرگ، تراکم، مقاومت تک محوری و SEM روی نمونه‌هایی  از خاک طبیعی ، آلوده و اختلاط‌یافته با مواد افزودنی مذکور صورت پذیرفت. نتایج نشان داد که مواد افزودنی مورد استفاده موجب افزایش مقاومت خاک طبیعی و آلوده می‌گردد و این بهسازی تابعی از درصد مواد مورد استفاده و زمان عمل‌آوری می‌باشد. به طور کلی اضافه نمودن مواد افزودنی مورد استفاده باعث افزایش 14 تا22 درصدی مقاومت با افزایش درصد اختلاط و زمان عمل‌آوری می‌گردد. علاوه بر این مقاومت خاک طبیعی با درصد ثابت مواد افزودنی و زمان عمل‌آوری یکسان حدود 3 تا 7 درصد بیشتر از خاک آلوده می‌باشد. مقایسه اثر دو ماده افزودنی روشن نمود که آهک اثر بیشتری در بهسازی نسبت به GGBS فعال شده دارد. نتایج SEM نیز روشن نمود که بهسازی تحت اثر تولید مواد سیمانی کننده ناشی از هیدراسیون این مواد افزودنی می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Effect of Activated GGBS and Hydrated Lime on the Improvement of a Clay Soil Contaminated with Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether

نویسندگان [English]

  • Armin Ansar Shourijeh 1
  • Ali Raeesi Estabragh 2
1 Master degree of the Department of Irrigation and Development Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor in the Department of Irrigation and Development Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this research, the improvement of a clay soil contaminated with MTBE using GGBS activated by magnesium oxide and slaked lime was studied. Contaminated soil with MTBE was artificially prepared in the laboratory with a concentration of 2.25 g (MTBE)/kg (soil) and activated GGBS with slaked lime was added to it with different percentages. Experiments including Atterberg limit, compaction, uniaxial strength and SEM were conducted on samples of natural soil, contaminated and those which were mixed with the mentioned additives. The results showed that the used additives increase the strength of natural and contaminated soil and this improvement is a function of  percentage of the used materials and the curing time. In general, adding the used additives increases the strength by 14-22% by increasing the mixing percentage and curing time. In addition, the strength of natural soil with a same percentage of additives and the same processing time is about 3 to 7% higher than contaminated soil. Comparison of the effect of two additives clarified that lime has a greater effect in improving than activated GGBS. The SEM results also clarified that the hydration of the additives cause producing the cementitious materials which improves the mechanical behavior of the soil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pollutant
  • Improvement
  • methyl tert-butyl ether
  • GGBS
  • lime

مراجع

جهانی؛ امیر، رییسی استبرق؛ خواجه پور,  و امینی. (1401). مقایسه عملکرد سیمان، سرباره کوره ذوب‌آهن (GGBS) و GGBS فعال شده در بهسازی یک خاک رسی. مهندسی عمران فردوسی.‎
Abdelhalim, R. A., Selamat, M. R., & Ramli, H. (2021). Evaluation of strength properties of oil-contaminated sands upon stabilisation with laterite soil. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 23(9), 2981-2997.
Ahmadi, S., Ghasemzadeh, H., & Changizi, F. (2021). Effects of thermal cycles on microstructural and functional properties of nano treated clayey soil. Engineering Geology, 280, 105929.
Atienza, J., Aragon, P., Herrero, M. A., Puchades, R., & Maquieira, A. (2005). “State of the art in determination of MTBE in natural waters and soils”. Critical reviews in analytical chemistry, 35(4),317-337
Belpoggi, F., Soffritti, M., and Maltoni, C. (1995). “Methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE)—A gasoline additive-causes testicular and lymphomaematopietic cancers in rat.” Toxicol. Ind. Health, 11(2), 119–149.
Brown, S., Christensen, B., Lombi, E., McLaughlin, M., McGrath, S., Colpaert, J., et al., (2005). An inter-laboratory study to test the ability of amendments to reduce the availability of Cd, Pb, and Zn in situ. Environ. Pollut. 138, 34–45.
Deeb, R. A., Chu. K.-H., Shih T., Linder S., Suffet. I., Kavanaugh. M. C., & Alvarez-Cohen. L. (2003). “MTBE and other oxygenates: Environmental sources, analysis, occurrence and treatment.” Environ. Eng. Sci. 20 (5): 433–447.
Estabragh,A.R.; Pereshkafti, M.R.S.; Parsaei, B; & Javadi, A.A.(2013). “Stabilised expansive soil behavior during wetting and drying.” International journal of pavement engineering. Vol.14, No.4, PP. 418-427.
Estabragh, A. R., Jahani, A., Javadi, A. A., & Babalar, M. (2022). Assessment of different agents for stabilisation of a clay soil. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 23(2), 160-170.
Estabragh, A. R., Afsari, E., Javadi, A. A., & Babalar, M. (2020). Effect of two organic chemical fluids on the mechanical properties of an expansive clay soil.
Hajimohammadi, M., & Hamidi, A. (2022). Impact of Portland cement and lime on the stabilization and shear strength characteristics of contaminated clay. Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 1-26.
Hamidi, A., Hajimohammadi, M. (2021), “Improving the mechanical behavior of clay contaminated with glycerol and anthracene using lime and Portland cement”, Geomechanics and Geoengineering: An International Journal, doi.org/10.1080/17486025.2021.1992515.
Higgins. D.(2005), “Briefing: GGBS and sustainability,” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Constr. Mater., 2007, doi: 10.1680/coma.2007.160.3.99.
Jin, F., Wang, F., Al-Tabbaa, A., (2016). “Three-year performance of in-situ solidified/ stabilised soil using novel MgO-bearing binders.” Chemosphere 144, 681–688.
Karkush, M. O., & Kareem, Z. A. (2021). Investigation the impacts of fuel oil contamination on the behaviour of passive piles group in clayey soils. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 25(3), 485-501.
Kholoosi. M. M, Estabragh. A. R, Ghaziani. F, and Javadi. A. A;(2017) “Stabilization and Solidification of a Clay Soil Contaminated with MTBE”. Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE.
Kogbara. R, Al Tabbaa. A,.(2011). “Mechanical and leaching behaviour of slag-cement and lime-activated slag stabilised/ solidified contaminated soil”.
Kogbara, R.B., Al-Tabbaa, A., Yi, Y., Stegemann, J.A., (2012). “pH-dependent leaching behaviour and other performance properties of cement-treated mixed contaminated soil.” J. Environ. Sci. 24, 1630–1638.
Li, J.S., Xue, Q., Wang, P. and Li, Z.Z.(2012) “Effect of lead (II) on the mechanical behavior and microstructure development of a Chinese clay", Applied Clay Science, 105- 106, pp. 192-199 .
Liska, M. and Vandeperre, L.J. “Influence of carbonation on the properties of reactive magnesia cement-based pressed masonry units,” vol. 7605, no. 2, pp. 53–64, 2008, doi: 10.1680/adcr.2008.20.2.53.
Mitchell. K., Soga. J. K., “Chapter11a,” Fundam. Soil Behav., 2005.
Nidzam. RM., Kinuthia JM. (2012) Sustainable soil stabilisation with blastfurnace slag: a review. Proc Inst Civ Eng Constr Mater. 2010;163:157–65.
Pakbaz, M. S., & Alipour, R. (2012). Influence of cement addition on the geotechnical properties of an Iranian clay. Applied Clay Science, 67, 1-4.
Ratnaweera, P., and Meegoda, J. N. (2006). “Shear strength and stressstrain behaviour of contaminated soils.” Geotech. Test. J., 29(2), 133–140.
Squillace, P. J., Zogorski, J. S., Wilber, W. G., and Price, C. V. (1996). “Preliminary assessment of the occurrence and possible sources of MTBE in groundwater in the United States, 1993–1994.” Environ. Sci. Technol., 30(5), 1721–1730.
Yi. Y., Liska. M., Unluer. C., and A. Al-Tabbaa,(2013) “Carbonating magnesia for soil stabilization,” Can. Geotech. J., 2013, doi: 10.1139/cgj-2012-0364.
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 53، شماره 8
آبان 1401
صفحه 1743-1756

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار