ارزیابی مدل‌های فیزیکی- تجربی تبخیر - تعرق مرجع با استفاده از لایسیمتر وزنی (مطالعه موردی: تبریز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از داده­های اندازه­گیری شده برای بررسی مدل­های برآورد کننده تبخیر و تعرق مرجع (ET0) در مطالعات مختلف به خاطر مشکلات موجود در اندازه­گیری­ها به صورت محدود انجام گرفته است. گونه چمن و نوع بافت خاک مورد استفاده در لایسیمترها در مطالعات مختلف با هم متفاوت است در حالی که این عوامل بر مقدار اندازه­گیری­های لایسیمتری تاثیرگذار است. در این مطالعه، 19 مدل فیزیکی- تجربی و تجربی در گروه‌های ترکیبی، تابشی، دمایی و انتقال جرم برای سه سال متوالی (1396-1398) با اندازه‌گیری‌های لایسیمتری در منطقه تبریز با اقلیم نیمه‌خشک واقع در شمالغرب ایران مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. همچنین جهت بررسی تأثیر گونه‌های گیاهی مرجع و بافت خاک بر میزان ET0، دو گونه چمن شامل فستوکا آروندیناسه و لولیوم پرنه در سه بافت خاک لوم شنی، رسی و لوم سیلتی در لایسیمترهای وزنی اندازه­گیری شدند. مدل­های Kimberly Penman-1996 (KP)، Penman-1963، FAO.ppp.17 Penman (FAO.ppp.17)، FAO24 Blaney Criddle (FAO24 BC)،FAO56 Penman Monteith (FAO 56 PM)  بهترین عملکرد را در بین مدل­های مورد استفاده نشان دادند. مقایسه گروهی مدل­ها‌ نشان داد گروه ترکیبی بهترین عملکرد را داشته است. مقایسه ET0 برآورد شده با لایسیمترهایی که با خاک لوم شنی پر شده­اند مطابقت بیشتری نسبت به لایسیمترهای لوم سیلتی و رسی نشان داد. بررسی تاثیر گونه چمن بر عملکرد مدل­ها بیانگر دقت بالای مدل­های تجربی در لایسیمترهای با چمن لولیوم نسبت به چمن فستوکا می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of reference evapotranspiration by empirical-physical models using weight lysimeter (Case study: Tabriz)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahdat Ahmadifar
  • Reza Delirhasannia
  • Ali Ashraf Sadraddini
Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The use of measured data to evaluate reference evapotranspiration (ET0) estimation models in various studies has been limited due to the problems in the measurements. The types of grass and soil textures used in lysimeters differ in different studies, while these factors affect the amount of lysimetric measurements. This study evaluated 19 physical-experimental and experimental models in the combined, radiation, temperature, and mass transfer groups for three consecutive years (2017-2019) by lysimetric measurements in the Tabriz region with a semi-arid climate located in northwestern Iran. Also, to investigate the effect of reference plant species and soil texture on ET0, two grass species including Festuca Arundianacea Schreb and Lolium perenne were applied in three soil textures of sandy loam, clay, and silty loam in weight lysimeters. The Kimberly Penman-1996 (KP), Penman-1963, FAO.ppp.17 Penman (FAO.ppp.17), FAO24 Blaney Criddle (FAO24 BC), and FAO56 Penman-Monteith (FAO 56 PM) had the best performance among used models. Group comparison of models showed that the combination models had the best performance among the studied groups. The ET0 values estimated by the models were more consistent with the lysimeters filled with sandy loam soil than the ones filled with silt and clay lysimeters. The study of the effect of grass species on the performance of the models showed that the accuracy of the experimental models in lysimeters planted with grass Lolium was higher than the Festuca grass.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grass species
  • Models Group
  • Performance Evaluation
  • Soil Texture
  • Weighing Lysimeter

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 53، شماره 6
شهریور 1401
صفحه 1403-1421

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