بررسی اجزای شاخص ردپای آب گیاه نیشکر در شرایط زهکشی آزاد، کنترل شده و تامین نیاز آبی (مطالعه موردی: کشت و صنعت سلمان فارسی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه آبیاری و زهکشی ،دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 گروه آبیاری و زهکشی دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 گروه مدیریت منابع آب، دانشگاه واگنینگن، هلند

چکیده

شناسایی مقدار آب مورد استفاده برای تولید محصولات کشاورزی دارای اهمیت بالایی بوده و ارزیابی آن می­تواند در شناخت و ارائه راهکارهای مناسب برای کاهش مصرف آب در بخش کشاورزی بسیار موثر باشد. در این تحقیق به­منظور بررسی وضعیت مصرف آب گیاه نیشکر در استان خوزستان به ازاء محصول تولیدی، از شاخص­­ ردپای آب در دو مزرعه 25 هکتاری (زهکشی آزاد و زهکشی کنترل شده) از واحد کشت و صنعت سلمان فارسی استفاده گردید. همچنین با استفاده از اطلاعات برداشت شده و موجود، مدل آکواکراپ واسنجی و چهار سناریوی آبیاری (100I1=،115I2=، 85I3= و 70I4= درصد نیاز آبی) اجرا و بر اساس نتایج حاصله شاخص ردپای آب مجددا محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد مقدار آب مورد نیاز برای تولید نیشکر در مزرعه با زهکشی آزاد 258 متر مکعب بر تن بود که از این مقدار 12% را آب سبز، 72% آب آبی و 16% را آب خاکستری به خود اختصاص دادند. با استفاده از زهکش کنترل شده این مقدار به 222 متر مکعب بر تن کاهش یافت که سهم آب سبز، آبی و خاکستری به­ترتیب 16، 69 و15 درصد بودند. نتایج حاصل از اجرای مدل نشان داد در سناریوی I1 و I2 شاخص ردپای آب در زهکش کنترل شده 18 درصد کمتر از زهکشی آزاد است. این مقدار برایI3  و I4 نیز در زهکشی کنترل شده به­ترتیب 18 و 19 درصد کمتر از زهکشی آزاد تعیین شد. مقایسه نتایج نشان داد در حالت زهکشی کنترل شده و تامین 85% نیاز آبی گیاه، شاخص ردپای آب نسبت به حالت معمول (که در حال اجرا می­باشد) 23 درصد کاهش می­یابد که بهترین گزینه در بین سناریوهای بررسی شده می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Sugarcane Water Footprint Index Components in Free Drainage, Controlled Drainage and Water Requirement Conditions (Case study: Salman Farsi Agro-industry)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed morteza Moradian vafaei 1
  • Amir Soltani Mohammadi 2
  • Abdali Naseri 2
  • Piter Van Oeel 3
1 Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
2 Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
3 Water Resources Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, the Netherlands.
چکیده [English]

Identifying the amount of water used to produce agricultural products is of great importance, and it can be very effective in recognizing and providing appropriate solutions to reduce water consumption in agriculture. In this study, in order to investigate the water consumption of sugarcane in Khuzestan province for sugarcane production, the water footprint index in two 25-hectare farms (free drainage and controlled drainage) from Salman Farsi agro-industry unit was used. Using the collected and available information, the AquaCrop model was calibrated. Then four irrigation scenarios (100, 110, 85, and 70% of water requirement) were implemented. Based on the results, the water footprint index was recalculated. The results showed that the amount of water required for sugarcane production in the field with free drainage was 258 cubic meters per ton. Of this amount, 12% was green water, 72% blue water, and 16% gray water. Using controlled drainage, this amount was reduced to 222 cubic meters per ton, of which green, blue, and gray water were 16, 69, and 15 percent, respectively. The results of the model showed that in scenarios I1 and I2, the water footprint index in controlled drainage is 18% lower than the free drainage.  This value is 18% and 19% for I3 and I4, respectively. Comparison of the results showed that in the controlled drainage condition and supply of 85% of the plant water requirement, the water footprint index decreases by 23% compared to the normal (which is running) condition, which is the best option among the studied scenarios.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Footprint Index
  • Drainage
  • Controlled
  • Sugarcane
  • Aquacrop

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 10
دی 1400
صفحه 2623-2635

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