بهسازی زیستی خاک‌های ماسه‌ای روان با آنزیم برای کنترل فرسایش هیدرولیکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1. بخش علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشگاه شیراز، دانشکده کشاورزی، بخش مهندسی آب

3 دانشیار، بخش علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز،

4 دانشیار بخش صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

فرسایش خاک یک پدیده مخرب است که باعث از بین رفتن خاک و همچنین خرابی و شکست سازه مرتبط می‌شود. بنابراین ارائه راهکارهای مقابله با این پدیده مخرب ضروری است. در این پژوهش از یک تکنیک نوین الهام گرفته زیستی، بر اساس رسوب کربنات کلسیم بر پایه استفاده از آنزیم آزاد در خاک ((EICP استفاده شده است و میزان بهبود پارامترهای فرسایش‌پذیری خاک با استفاده از دستگاه تابع فرسایش مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است. آنزیم اوره آز استفاده شده از مغز دانه هندوانه استخراج شد که میزان فعالیت آن U/mL 8/2  تخمین زده شد. به منظور فراهم آوردن شرایط محیطی مطلوب و تسریع در رسوب کربنات کلسیم در خاک از محلول سیمانی کننده حاوی 5/0، 75/0 و 1 مولار کلسیم کلراید و اوره به صورت یک بار تزریق و همچنین دو بار تزریق با فاصله زمانی 6 روز استفاده شد. عملکرد آنزیم اوره آز در بهبود خاک، به صورت یک بار تزریق و همچنین دو بار تزریق، تحت به‌کارگیری 10 استراتژی تزریق آنزیم و محلول سیمانی کننده به خاک ماسه سیلیسی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. دوره درمان 14 روز تحت دمای 50°c در دستگاه انکوباتور بود. نتایج نشانگر بهبود مقاومت خاک در برابر فرسایش می‌باشد به گونه­ای که ضریب فرسایش‌پذیری خاک ماکزیمم 5/98%  کاهش و تنش برشی بحرانی ماکزیمم 6 برابر افزایش پیدا نمودند. نتایج تست SEM و XRD نشانگر توزیع مناسب رسوب کربنات کلسیم میان ذرات ماسه و تشکیل کانی کلسیت در خاک می‌باشد. همچنین نتایج تست تیتراسیون نشان داد که در حالت بهینه 7/18% کربنات کلسیم نسبت به نمونه شاهد در خاک رسوب نموده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Improvement of Sand Dunes with Enzyme-Induced Treatment to Control Hydraulic Erosion

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sodabeh Nikbakhat 1
  • Hamideh Ghaffari 2
  • Seyed Mohammad Ali Zomorodian 3
  • Marjan Majdinasab 4
1 1. Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University of Shiraz, Iran
2 Shiraz University, college of agriculture,, Water Eng.
3 Associated Prof. Department of Water Engineering,, Faculty of Agriculture,, Shiraz University of Shiraz, Iran
4 Associated Prof., Department of Food industry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University of Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Soil erosion is a destructive phenomenon that causes soil loss and the failure within structure built on it. Therefore, it is necessary to provide promising new approach to deal with it. In this paper, a new bio-inspired EICP technique has been used and the improvement of the erodibility parameters of silica sand has been evaluated using an erosion function apparatus device. Urease enzyme was extracted from watermelon seed kernel with an activity of 2.8 U/mL. In order to provide favorable environmental conditions and accelerate the deposition of calcium carbonate in the soil, a cementing solution containing 0.5, 0.75 and 1 M of calcium chloride and urea was used. Samples were treated with single and double injections (six days after the first injection) of enzyme and cementing solution with a treatment period of 14 days in an incubator at 50°C. The erodibility parameters of silica sand specimens treated with ten injection strategies were investigated. The best-performing treatment strategy produced a 98.55% reduction in erodibility and a six-fold increase in critical shear stress relative to untreated sand. These findings were confirmed by SEM, XRD and calcium carbonate titration tests. The results of titration test showed that in the best-performing treatment strategy, 18.7% of calcium carbonate was deposited in the soil compared to the control sample.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Erosion
  • Urease enzyme
  • Calcium carbonate precipitate
  • Erosion function device
  • Erodibility coefficient

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 66
شهریور 1400
صفحه 1571-1584

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