بررسی تاثیر غرقاب بر توزیع فرم‌های مختلف روی در خاک اسیدی و قلیایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 ﮔﺮوه ﻋﻠﻮم و مهندسی ﺧﺎک، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﯿﻼن، رشت، ایران

2 ﮔﺮوه ﻋﻠﻮم و مهندسی ﺧﺎک، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه علوم ﮐﺸﺎورزی، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﯿﻼن، رشت، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت روی در تغذیه گیاه برنج، پژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی اثر تیمار زمان غرقاب بر مقدار روی قابل دسترس در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی به صورت جداگانه در دو خاک اسیدی و قلیایی انجام شد. تغییر در توزیع فرم‌های مختلف روی نیز قبل و در انتهای دوره غرقاب با یکدیگر مقایسه شد. خاک­ها به مدت 90 روز غرقاب و سپس در زمان‌های 0، 7، 15، 30، 45 و 90 روز پس از غرقاب پارامترهای Eh، pH و روی قابل دسترس گیاه در خاک اندازه­گیری شد. فرم‌های مختلف روی در خاک نیز با استفاده از روش عصاره‌گیری دنباله‌ای تعیین شد. به طور‌کلی، در هر دو خاک اسیدی و قلیایی پس از غرقاب، مقدار روی قابل دسترس کاهش یافت. شرایط غرقاب منجر به کاهش معنی‌دار فرم محلول+تبادلی و فرم آلی روی شد درحالی‌که در پایان دوره غرقاب، فرم کربناتی روی در خاک قلیایی به‌طور معنی‌دار افزایش یافت. در هر دو خاک اسیدی و قلیایی تغییرات چندانی در فرم روی متصل به اکسید منگنز مشاهده نشد درحالی‌که مقدار روی متصل به اکسیدهای آهن بی‌شکل و بلوری افزایش و مقدار روی باقی‌مانده کاهش معنی­دار داشت. به‌طورکلی نتایج نشان داد که غلظت روی در خاک‌های غرقاب تا حد زیادی تحت تاثیر تغییر در فرم‌های مختلف آهن است. علاوه‌بر‌این، در شرایط غرقاب فرم‌هایی که قابلیت دسترسی بیشتری برای گیاهان دارند کاهش می­یابد که این امر می­تواند منجر به ایجاد شرایط کمبود روی برای گیاه برنج گردد. بنابراین توصیه می­شود مقدار روی قابل دسترس در خاک، از طریق کاربرد خاکی و یا محلول­پاشی کودهای حاوی روی به گونه­ای مدیریت گردد که کاهش آن در طول دوره غرقاب بر عمکرد گیاه اثر منفی نداشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Waterlogging on Distribution of Different Forms of Zinc in Acidic and Alkaline Soils

نویسندگان [English]

  • Haniyeh Fatehi Falahati 1
  • Maryam Khalilirad 2
  • Akbar Forghani 1
  • Mahmood Fazeli Sangani 1
1 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Due to the importance of zinc in rice plant nutrition, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of waterlogging period on the amount of plant available zinc in acidic and alkaline soils separately based on a completely randomized design. Variation in distribution of different forms of zinc before and after waterlogging was also compared. Soils were submerged for a period of 90 days and then the parameters of Eh, pH and plant available zinc were measured at 0, 7, 15, 30, 45 and 90 days after waterlogging. Different forms of zinc were also determined using sequential extraction method. Generally, the amount of plant available zinc decreased in both acidic and alkaline soils during the waterlogging period. Submergence condition led to a significant decrease in soluble + exchangeable and organic forms of zinc, while at the end of the submergence period, the carbonate form of zinc significantly increased in alkaline soil. In both acidic and alkaline soils, no significant changes were observed in the form of zinc bound to manganese oxide, while the amount of zinc bound to amorphous and crystalline iron oxides increased and the amount of residual zinc significantly decreased. In general, the results showed that the concentration of zinc in waterlogged soils is mainly affected by the changes in various forms of iron. Furthermore, plant available forms of zinc decreased in waterlogged condition which can lead to zinc deficiency in rice plants. Hence, it is recommended that the amount of plant available zinc in soil should be managed via soil or foliare application of zinc fertilizers in a way that its decline during waterlogging period has less negative impact on plant yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Paddy soil
  • Plant available zinc
  • Reduction conditions
  • Sequential extraction

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 66
شهریور 1400
صفحه 1491-1500

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