شاخص‌های پایداری خاکدانه تر و خشک در خاک‌های زیر پوشش پوسته‌های زیستی با غالبیت گلسنگ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مناطق خشک و بیابانی، دانشگاه سمنان، دانشکده کویرشناسی، ، ایران

2 بخش تحقیقات بیولوژی خاک، مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 گروه بیوتکنولوژی- سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران

4 بخش تحقیقات بیابان، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پوسته‌های زیستی با افزایش کربن آلی نقش مهمی در بهبود ساختمان خاک، تشکیل و پایداری خاکدانه دارند. پایداری خاکدانه تعیین کننده میزان مقاومت آن در برابر عوامل فرساینده خاک است. در این تحقیق، با توجه به شدت فرسایش خاک در دشت سجزی اصفهان، نقش پوسته‌های زیستی به عنوان کنترل کننده فرسایش خاک، در پایداری خاکدانه خشک و تر بررسی شده است. بدین منظور نمونه‌برداری از خاک زیر پوشش پوسته‌های زیستی با غالبیت گلسنگ و همچنین خاک نقاط فاقد پوسته‌های زیستی انجام یافت. خصوصیات فیزیک‌وشیمیایی خاک شامل اسیدیته، هدایت الکتریکی، سدیم قابل جذب، وزن مخصوص ظاهری، درصد اشباع خاک، بافت خاک، درصد کربن آلی، درصد ذرات خاک با قطر کمتر از 84/0 میلیمتر، میانگین وزنی قطر ذرات خاک و شاخص پایداری خاک در فرسایش بادی اندازه‌گیری شدند. طبقه‌بندی پارامترهای خاک‌های با تاثیر پوسته‌های زیستی و بدون اثر پوسته‌های زیستی به روش PCA[1] انجام گرفت. پس از تعیین نقش پوسته‌های زیستی در افزایش پایداری خاکدانه تر و خشک، اثر هریک از پارامترهای خاک در افزایش پایداری خاکدانه در خاک‌های زیر پوشش پوسته‌های زیستی بر اساس مدل رگرسیون چند متغیره خطی به روش گام به گام بررسی شدند. نتایج مدلسازی به روش گام به گام برای پایداری خاکدانه خشک با 5 عامل تاثیرگذار شامل اسیدیته، درصد کربن آلی، درصد رس، درصد ماسه و MWD[2] با میزان R square برابر با 68/0 تایید شد  و مقدار R square برای مدلسازی پایداری خاکدانه تر با پارامترهای اسیدیته، 84/0>d و درصد آهک خاک،  667/0 محاسبه شد. پایداری خاکدانه در هر دو حالت خشک و تر متاثر از یگدیگر بوده و وابسته به میزان ماده آلی خاک است.
 
[1] Principal component analysis
[2] Mean weight diameter

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Dry and Wet Aggregates Stability Indices of Soils Covered by Lichen Dominated Biocrusts

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Kashi Zenouzi 1
  • Seyed Hasan Kaboli 1
  • Kazem Khavazi 2
  • Mohamad Sohrabi 3
  • Mohammad khosroshahi 4
1 Department of Desert and Arid Land Management, Faculty of Desert Studies, University of Semnan, IranExtension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Soil Biology Soil and Water Research Institute. Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Biotechnology Department, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
4 Desert Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Biological soil crusts play an important role to improve soil structure, aggregate formation and soil stability by increasing organic carbon. Aggregate stability determines its resistance to soil erosive agents. In this study, due to the severity of soil erosion of Sejzi plain of Isfahan province, the role of biological crusts as a soil erosion controller has been investigated in terms of stabilizing dry and wet aggregates. For this purpose, sampling was done from lichen dominated areas, both from the soil covered with biocrust also the soil without biological crusts. Soil physicochemical properties including pH, EC, Sodium Adsorption Ratio, bulk density, soil saturation percentage, soil texture, OC%, soil particles with d<0.84 mm, MWD and WESS indexes were measured. Classification of soil parameters affected by biocrust and without biocrust was performed by PCA method. After determining the role of biocrusts in increasing aggregate stability in the soil covered by biocrusts, in two cases (wet and dry), the effect of each soil parameters on increasing aggregate stability was investigated based on multivariate linear regression model using stepwise method. The results of stepwise modeling showed that the dry aggregate stability depends on five influential factors including pH, OC%, clay%, sand% and MWD, with R square value of 0.68. Also, the regression model for wet aggregate stability was established using three effective factors including pH, d<0.84mm and TNV%, and R square was estimated 0.667. Aggregate stability in both cases, dry and wet conditions, are affected by each other and it is depended on the amount of OC%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dry aggregate
  • sejzi
  • Soil organic carbon
  • Wet aggregate

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 66
شهریور 1400
صفحه 1447-1459

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