بررسی مدل مقاومت جریان سه پارامتری در رودخانه‌های درشت‌دانه (مطالعه موردی: رودخانۀ دریوک)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه آب و محیط زیست، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

رایج­ترین رویکرد اتخاذشده برای مقاومت جریان در هیدرولیک کانال‌های باز معادلۀ مانینگ می­باشد. ازآنجاکه ضریب زبری مانینگ عمق آب و سرعت جریان را ثابت در نظر می‌گیرد و شرایط جریان در رودخانه‌ها غیریکنواخت است؛ ضروری است این معادله با در نظر گرفتن مشخصات هندسی و هیدرولیکی رودخانه‌ها تعدیل گردد. بر این اساس در این مقاله یک مدل مقاومت جریان سه پارامتری که شکل کلی­تری از معادلۀ مانینگ است، ارائه می‌شود. پارامترهای این مدل با استفاده از اندازه‌گیری‌های 8 مقطع از رودخانۀ درشت­دانۀ دریوک در استان مازندران که دارای پوشش گیاهی در سواحل خود می‌باشد، واسنجی شدند. با کاربرد سه روش مشخصات لایه‌مرزی، قانون سهمی و دونقطه­ای ­و روش ضمنی دارسی-ویسباخ، سرعت برشی محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که روش ضمنی دارسی­-ویسباخ از دقت بالایی در برآورد مقاومت جریان برخوردار است. همچنین صحت نتایج از طریق مقایسۀ دبی محاسبه‌شده به‌وسیلۀ مدل با مقدار دبی اندازه­گیری­شده تائید شد. نتایج نشان داد که مدل سه پارامتری در 75 درصد مقاطع برآورد بهتری نسبت به معادلۀ مانینگ دارد. همچنین میانگین درصد خطای مدل ارائه‌شده 24 درصد بود درحالی‌که این مقدار برای معادلۀ مانینگ 32 درصد محاسبه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Three-parameter Flow Resistance Model in Coarse-Bed Rivers (Case Study: Deryuk River)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud naderi
  • hosein afzalimehr
  • sina sohrabi
Department of Water and Environment, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The most common approach adopted for flow resistance in open-channel hydraulic is the Manning equation. Since the Manning roughness coefficient considers the water depth and flow velocity as constant and the flow conditions in rivers are non-uniform, it is necessary to adjust this equation by considering the geometric and hydraulic characteristics of the rivers. Accordingly, this paper presents a three-parameter flow resistance model, which is a more general form of the Manning equation. The parameters of this model were calibrated by using measurements of 8 sections of a coarse bed-river, Deryuk in Mazandaran province, which has vegetation on its banks. Shear speed was calculated using three methods of boundary-layer characteristics; parabolic law, two-point and the implicit approach, Darcy–Weisbach. The results showed that the Darcy-Weisbach implicit method has high accuracy in estimating flow resistance. Also, the validity of the results was confirmed by comparing the flow discharge calculated by the model with the measured flow discharge. The results showed that the three-parameter model in 75% of the sections had a better estimate than the Manning equation. Also, the average error percentage of the proposed model was 24%, while this value was calculated 32% for the Manning equation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Deryouk River
  • Darcy-Weisbach equation
  • boundary layer characteristics
  • flow resistance model

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