مطالعه مقایسه‌ای عوامل موثر بر بهره‌وری آب کشاورزی در میان کشاوزان نوآور و غیر نوآور در استان قزوین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته‌ی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران.

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران

3 گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از با اهمیت‌ترین راهکارهای مقابله با بحران کم‌آبی، افزایش بهره‌وری آب در بخش کشاورزی است. در این راستا شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر بهره‌وری آب از اهمیت بالایی در سازگاری با این موضوع برخوردار است. به همین منظور مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر بهره‌وری آب در کشاورزان نوآور در مقایسه با کشاورزان غیر نوآور برنامه‌ریزی و انجام شده است. انجام پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی، از نظر نحوه جمع‌آوری اطلاعات توصیفی- همبستگی و از نظر میزان و درجه کنترل متغیرها، میدانی است. در این مطالعه در مجموع 317 پرسشنامه تکمیل و جمع آوری شده است. کشاورزان بر اساس بهره‌وری نسبی به دو گروه کشاورزان نوآور (77 نفر (4/24%)) و کشاورزان غیر نوآور (238 نفر (6/75%)) تقسیم شده‌اند. میانگین امتیاز کل عوامل موثر بر بهره‌وری آب در کشاورزان غیر نوآور 23/1±83/2 (از امتیاز کل 5) به دست آمده است در حالی که این امتیاز در کشاورزان نوآور برابر با 36/1±42/3 (از امتیاز کل 5) بوده است. بیشترین اختلاف امتیاز (مثبت) در عوامل موثر بر بهره‌وری آب در بین کشاورزان نوآور و غیر نوآور به ترتیب مربوط به گویه‌های «دیدگاه و نگرش جامع به کلیه عوامل موجود در زنجیره تولید»، «استفاده از دستگاه کارنده مناسب» و «اجرای سامانه‌های آبیاری توسط کارشناسان مجرب» است. برای عملکرد بهتر کشاورزان به خصوص در نقاط ضعف آنان اقدامات فنی و زیربنایی و همچنین ارتقای دانش آنان مورد نیاز است. پیشنهاد می‌گردد کلاس‌های آموزشی به همین منظور برگزار گردد و از اندوخته دانش کشاورزان نوآور نیز در این کلاس‌ها استفاده گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study of Factors Affecting Agricultural Water Productivity among Innovative and Non-innovative Farmers in Qazvin province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Inanloo Tayfe Yaghmurlu 1
  • Bijan Nazari 2
  • abbas sotoodehnia 3
1 Graduate of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
2 Department of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
3 Dept. of Water Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

One of the most important ways to deal with the water shortage crisis is to increase water productivity in the agricultural sector. In this regard, identifying the factors affecting water productivity is of great importance in adapting to this issue. Therefore, the present study was planned and conducted to investigate the factors affecting water productivity in innovative farmers compared to non-innovative. The research is applied in terms of purpose, how to collect descriptive-correlational information and the amount and degree of control over variables. In this study, a total of 317 questionnaires were completed and collected. Farmers are divided into two groups based on relative productivity: innovative farmers (77 (24.4%)) and non-innovative (238 (75.6%)). The mean total score of factors affecting water productivity in non-innovative was 2.83±1.23 (the total score was 5), while this score was 3.42±1.36 (the total score was 5) in innovative farmers. The highest difference in scores (positive) in the factors affecting water productivity among innovative and non-innovative farmers are related to the items "comprehensive view and attitude to all factors in the production chain", "use of proper planter" and " implementation of irrigation systems by experienced experts". For better performance of farmers, especially in their weaknesses, technical and infrastructural measures as well as improving their knowledge are needed. It is suggested that training classes be held for this purpose and that the knowledge of innovative farmers be used in these classes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agriculture
  • Food Security
  • Relative Productivity
  • Water Crisis
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