اثر سطوح رطوبتی خاک بر سرعت آستانه‌ی فرسایش بادی کانون‌های گرد و غبارجنوب و جنوب‌شرق استان خوزستان-اهواز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه منابع آب، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 استاد گروه هیدرولوژی و منابع آب ، گروه منابع آب، دانشکده مهندسی آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 استادیارپژوهشی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

رخداد فرسایش بادی و به تبع آن انتشار گرد و غبار یکی از جدی­ترین مخاطرات زیست­محیطی کشور بوده که در دهه­های اخیر، شدت و گسترش آن به روشنی رو به افزایش است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی میزان اثر رطوبت سطحی خاک بر سرعت آستانه­ی فرسایش بادی در 3 کانون فوق بحرانی گرد و غبار، واقع شده در پهنه­هایی از جنوب و جنوب­شرقی استان خوزستان انجام شد. برای این منظور 11 نمونه­ی خاک از گستره­ی فوق برداشت شده و پس از آماده­سازی در سطوح رطویتی هواخشک، 4، 7 و 9 درصد با استفاده از تونل باد و در قالب یک طرح کاملا تصادفی مورد آزمون قرار گرفت. نتایج مقایسه­ی مقادیر میانگین­ سرعت آستانه فرسایش بادی با به­کارگیری روش دانکن و در سطح احتمالاتی 5 درصد، اثر رطوبت را بر سرعت آستانه­ی فرسایش برای تمام نمونه­ها معنی­دار ارزیابی کرد. از دیگرسو، ارتباط­سنجی میان دو پارامتر رطوبت و سرعت آستانه فرسایش نشان دهنده­ی همبستگی این دو پارامتر بود به­گونه­ای که در همه­ی نمونه خاک­های مورد آزمون، با افزایش سطوح رطوبتی، سرعت آستانه­ی فرسایش بادی نیز افزایش داشت. یافته­ها همچنین میزان افزایش سرعت در سطوح مختلف رطوبت را متفاوت ارزیابی کرده و نشان داد که افزایش رطوبت از هواخشک تا 4 درصد بیشترین تغییرات را در سرعت آستانه ایجاد نموده و می­تواند در مهار پدیده­­ فرسایش در این پهنه اثر قابل ملاحظه­ای داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Soil Moisture Levels on the Threshold Velocity of Wind Erosion in Dust Centers of South and Southeast of Khuzestan Province-Ahwaz

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marjan Koohizadeh 1
  • Alimohammd AkhondAli 2
  • Aziz Arsham 3
1 Hydrology and water resources department, Faculty of water & Environmental Engineering, shahid Chamran university of Ahwaz, Ahwaz, Iran
2 Professor, department Hydrology and water resources, Faculty of water & Environmental Engineering, shahid Chamran university of Ahwaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 - Research Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ahwaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

 One of the most important environmental hazards that is rising drastically in IRAN in the last decade is wind erosion causing the spread of soil particles. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of soil surface moisture on the wind erosion threshold velocity in three supercritical centers of dust, located in the regions of south and southeast of Khuzestan province. For this purpose, 11 soil samples from the selected regions were collected. The soil samples were prepared in terms of moisture contents (air-dry, 4, 7, and 9%). Then they were tested in a wind tunnel based on a completely randomized design. The results of comparing the mean values of wind erosion threshold velocity using Duncan method at a probability level of 5% confirmed that the effect of moisture on the erosion threshold velocity is significant for all samples. In addition, the two parameters of moisture and erosion threshold velocity was strongly correlated in all soil samples, so that with increasing moisture levels, the wind erosion threshold velocity also increased. The findings also confirmed that the amount of increase in velocity is different depending on the levels of moisture, indicating that increasing the moisture content from air-dry to 4% level yielded the largest change in threshold velocity, which could have a substantial effect in controlling the erosion phenomenon in the study regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil Moisture
  • Threshold velocity
  • Wind Tunnel
  • . Khuzestan

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 3
خرداد 1400
صفحه 869-885

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