بررسی اثر اسید آسکوربیک و ملاتونین بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و تحمل به شوری در رز مینیاتوری(Rosa chinensis var.minima)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات

3 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران

4 گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور تهران

چکیده

شوری خاک یک محدودیت غیرزیستی مهم است که بر عملکرد و کیفیت گل­های زینتی تأثیر می­گذارد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر تنظیم کننده رشد ملاتونین و اسید آسکوربیک بر افزایش عملکرد و کیفیت رز مینیاتوری (Rosa chinensis var.minima) تحت شرایط تنش شوری در گلخانه تحقیقاتی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران واقع در شهر کرج، بر­­روی قلمه­های دوساله رز­های مینیاتوری درگلدان­های پلاستیکی با دهانه 14 سانتی­متر حاوی کوکوپیت و پرلیت (1 : 1)، بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک­های کاملا تصادفی و در چهار تکرار، بهار سال 1397 انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد استفاده در این آزمایش شامل، محلول­پاشی برگی ملاتونین (در چهار غلظت 0، 1، 10 و 100 میکرومولار) و اسید آسکوربیک (در سه غلظت 5/0، 5/1 و 3 میلی­مولار) و تیمار ترکیبی شامل (دو سطح ملاتونین 1میکرومولار×اسید آسکوربیک 5/0 میلی­مولار و ملاتونین 1 میکرومولار×اسید آسکوربیک 5/1 میلی­مولار) و تنش شوری (با سه سطح صفر، چهار و هشت دسی­زیمنس بر متر) بود. نتایج نشان دادند، تنش شوری بطورکلی باعث کاهش خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی شده؛ در این پژوهش موثرترین تیمار در محلول­پاشی با تیمار اسید آسکوربیک 3 میلی­مولار مشاهده شد که تعداد گل و ارتفاع شاخه را نسبت به شاهد، به­ترتیب 36 درصد و 86 درصد افزایش داد. محلول­پاشی با تیمار ملاتونین 100 میکرومولار بیشترین اثر را بر میزان غلظت عناصر نیتروژن و پتاسیم نسبت به شاهد به­ترتیب برابر 43 و 11 درصد نشان داد. تجمع قندهای محلول طی تنش شوری باعث حفظ پتانسیل اسمزی و کاهش دهیدراتاسیون می­شود و بیشترین میزان قند محلول برگ با افزایش 11 درصد نسبت به شاهد و پرولین در محلول­پاشی با تیمار ملاتونین 1 میکرومولار مشاهده شد. بنابراین می­توان از توانایی این آنتی اکسیدان (اسید آسکوربیک 3 میلی­مولار) در راستای بهبود رشد و نمو گل رز مینیاتوری در شرایط تحت تنش شوری استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Ascorbic acid and Melatonin on Morphophysiological Characteristics and Salinity Tolerance of Miniature Rose (Rosa chinensis var. minima)

نویسندگان [English]

  • hamidehsadat mirtaheri 1
  • Sepideh KalatehJari 2
  • Babak Motesharezadeh 3
  • Foad Fatemi 4
1 Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Azad University, Science and Technology Branch, Tehran
2 Horticultural Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture,, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research, Tehran, Iran
3 Soil Science Department, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Department of agriculture, Payame noor Universidy, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Soil salinity is a major abiotic constraint affecting crop yield and quality of ornamental plants. The current study aimed to investigate the melatonin and ascorbic acid regulator on the morphological and physiological characteristics of miniature roses under salinity stress, in the research greenhouse of Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, University of Tehran, located in Karaj, on biennial cuttings of miniature roses, in plastic pots with a diameter of 14 cm containing cocopeat and perlite (1: 1), in the randomized complete block design with four replications, in the spring of 2018. The studied factors included foliar application of melatonin (at four concentrations of 0, 1, 10, and 100 μM) and ascorbic acid (at three concentrations of 0.5, 1.5, and 3 mM) and combined treatment containing two levels of melatonin 1 μM × ascorbic acid 0.5 mM and melatonin 1 μM × ascorbic acid 1.5 mM and salinity stress at three levels of zero, four and eight dS/m. The results showed that the salinity stress generally reduced morphological characteristics; in this study, the most effective treatment in the foliar application was observed with 3 mM ascorbic acid treatment, which increased the number of flowers and branch height by 36% and 86%, respectively, compared to the control. Foliar application of melatonin 100 μM showed the highest effect on the concentration of nitrogen and potassium equal to 43% and 11% as compared to the control, respectively. Accumulation of soluble sugars during salinity stress conserving osmotic potential and reducing dehydration, and the leaf soluble sugar increased by 11% as compared to the control and proline was observed in foliar application with 1 μM melatonin treatment. The results of this study showed that the ability of this antioxidant (Ascorbic acid 3 mM) can be used to improve the growth and development of miniature roses under salinity stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Miniature Rose
  • Salinity stress
  • Yield

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 3
خرداد 1400
صفحه 651-665

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