ارزیابی روش‌های برآورد ضریب تشت برای محاسبه مقدار تبخیر و تعرق) مطالعه موردی استان کردستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بو علی سینا،همدان، ایران

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

نیاز آبی گیاهان یا تبخیر و تعرق (ET) یکی از مؤلفه‌های اصلی بیلان آب و عامل کلیدی در برنامه‌ریزی آبیاری برای بهبود راندمان آب مصرفی اراضی فاریاب است. روش‌های متفاوتی برای تعیین تبخیر و تعرق به‌صورت مستقیم یا لایسیمتری و غیرمستقیم یا محاسباتی پیشنهاد شده است. تشت تبخیر یکی از روش‌های غیرمستقیم، ساده و مناسب برای برآورد تبخیر و تعرق گیاه مرجع و گیاه اصلی است که نشان‌دهنده اثرات توأم پارامترهای جوی چون دمای هوا، رطوبت هوا، تابش و باد است. در این پژوهش با استفاده از داده‌های هواشناسی20ساله (97-1378) کل ایستگاه­های سینوپتیک استان کردستان، مقدار ضریب تشت با استفاده از روش­های: (1989) ,Cuenca (1998)Raghuwanshi & wallender , Modified Snyder ,(2008),Mohamed et al (1991), Allen and Pruitt (1992) ,Snyder(1998),Orang(1995)Pereira ,(1990) Christiansenو (1997) FAO-24  برآورد گردید. به منظور ارزیابی دقت تخمین تبخیر و تعرق حاصل از روش تشت تبخیر، از روش فائو پنمن مانتیث 56 استفاده شد. برای ارزیابی دقت مدل­ها و انتخاب بهترین مدل از 4 شاخص خطاسنجی؛ (RMSE)، (MAE)، (MBE) و آزمون t استفاده شد. نتایج نهایی نشان داد که در مقیاس روزانه، ماهانه و فصلی روش­های(1997)  FAO-24 و  (1990) Christiansen  بهترین عملکرد و روش­های (1998)Raghuwanshi & wallender و(1991)  Allen and Pruitt بدترین عملکرد را داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Pan Coefficient Estimation Methods to Calculate the Amount of Evapotranspiration (Case Study of Kurdistan Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • hamid zare- abyaneh 1
  • soror esmaeili 2
1 Department Water Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Department Water Sciences and Engineering,, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Plant water requirement or evapotranspiration (ET) is one of the main components of water balance and a key factor in irrigation planning to improve water use efficiency of agricultural lands. Different methods have been proposed to determine evapotranspiration directly using lysimeter and indirectly using computational methods. Evaporation pan is one of the indirect, simple and suitable methods for estimating the evapotranspiration of the reference plant and the main plant, which shows the combined effects of atmospheric parameters such as air temperature, air humidity, radiation and wind. In this study, using 20-year meteorological data (1999-2018) of the all synoptic stations in Kurdistan province, the value of pan coefficient was estimated using the methods: Cuenca (1989), Raghuwanshi & wallender (1998), Modified Snyder, Mohamed et al (2008), Allen and Pruitt (1991), Snyder (1992), Orang (1998), Pereira (1995), Christiansen (1990) and FAO-24 (1997). In order to evaluate the accuracy of estimating evapotranspiration obtained from pan evaporation mehod, the FAO Penman-Mantith 56 method was used. To evaluate the accuracy of the models and to select the best one, four indicators; (RMSE), (MAE), (MBE) and t-test were used. The final results showed that on a daily, monthly and seasonal basis, the methods of FAO-24 (1997) and Christiansen (1990) had the best performance and the methods of Raghuwanshi & Wallender (1998) and Allen and Perot (1991) had the worst performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Reference Plant Evapotranspiration
  • pan coefficient
  • FAO Penman Monteith
  • Kurdistan Province

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 52، شماره 2
اردیبهشت 1400
صفحه 329-344

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