Palm response to the implementation of surface and subsurface drip irrigation system

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Scientific Broad Member, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

2 Scientific Broad Member, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

Water restriction is one of the most important factors inhibiting the crop production. Accordingly, application of pressurized irrigation systems to optimize utilization of water resources is inevitable. This study was conducted in Behbahan Agricultural Research Station during three cropping seasons (2013-2016) and based on a randomized complete block design with a split plot and three replications. The main plots were consisted of Subsurface Drip Irrigation (SDI) system that applied irrigation water at three levels of 75, 100 and 125% of water requirement and a surface Drip Irrigation (DI) system with application of 100% water requirement. The sub-plots were consisted of two varieties of date palm; Khasi and Zahedi. The crop water requirement was estimated based on Penman-Montheith method and using a daily weather information data collected from Behbahan weather station. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference (5%) between water use efficiency of different levels of irrigation water. As, the SDI system with  75%  irrigation level showed the highest water use efficiency to be  0.698 kg/m3. The comparison of interaction effects showed that the water use efficiency of Zahedi dates in 75% SDI system with 0.744 kg/m3 is higher than that of Khasi dates. In the other hand, the 75% SDI system saved 2509.6, 5019.2 and 2630.3 m3/ha irrigation water as compared with 100% and 125% SDI and 100% DI systems, respectively. According to the results, the interaction impact of irrigation levels and varieties on water use efficiency was significant but the interaction of irrigation systems and varieties were not significant. The stiffness of fruits was measured to be 11.3 lb per square meter in 75% SDI system which was the highest as compared to those for other treatments. The results of this study showed that the SDI system could be used for palms trees without restriction while use less water without significant impact on yield.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Agricultural statistics (2013-2014). Volume III: Garden products. Crop year 2012-2013 Ministry of Agriculture-Jahad, Deputy Planning and Economics. Bureau of Statistics and Information Technology. p132. (in Farsi)
Al-Amoud A. I., Fawzi S., Mohammad S., Al-Hamed A. and Ahmed Alabdulkader M. (2000). reference evapo-transpiration and date palm water use in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. International Research Journal of Agricul- tural Science and Soil Science (ISSN: 2251-0044), 2(4), 155-169, April 2012. Available online http://www.interes-journals.org/IRJAS
Alihouri M. and Tishehzan, P. (2011). The following watering schedule- Strategic Plan palm sector in the country. Ahvaz.  Kerdegar Press. (In Farsi)
Allen R.G., Pereira L.S., Raes D. and Smith M. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration: Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56, Rome, Italy.
Al-Rumaih M. and Kassem M.A. (2003). The effect of irrigation interval on the yield and quality of palms dates. The Canadian Soci. for Eng. in Agri., Food and Biological Systems meeting. Montreal, conada: 43-58.
Al-Zaidi A. A., Baig M. B., Elhag E. A. and Al-Juhani M. A. (2013) Farmers’ attitude towards the traditional and modern irrigation methods in Tabuk region - King-dom of Saudi Arabia. Chapter 8. in. Science, Policy and Politics of Modern Agricultural System: Global Context to local Dynamics of Sustainable Agriculture. Springer Science+business.
AOAC. (1990). Official Methods of Analysis, 15thedn. Washington, D.C.Associationof OfficialAnalyticalChemists.
Darfaoui El-Mostafa. and Al-Assiri A. (2010). Response to climate change in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A report prepared for FAO-RNE. Available at: Accessed on March 23, 2013.
Farzamneya M., and Ravari Z. 2005. The effects of deficit irrigation on yield and water use efficiency Mazafati date in Bam city. Scientific Journal of Agriculture, 28(1), 79-86. (In Farsi)
Foakwa E.O., Paterson A., Fowler M. and Vieira J. (2008). Particle size distribution and compositional effects on textural properties and appearance of dark chocolates. Journal of Food Engineering ,87,p 181-190.
Ghafarinejad A. (2001). Research project to determine the best speed and depth of drip irrigation method Mazafati palm. City of Bam: Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. (In Farsi)
Hosseini Z. (1990). Conventional methods for food analysis. Shiraz University Press. (In Farsi)
KACST. (2012). Strategic Priorities for agricultural research. King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology. Minis-try of Economy and Planning, Doc. No. 40P0001-PLN-0001-er01. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Accessed on March 28, 2012. Available at: http://nstip.kacst.edu.sa/cs/groups/public/documents/document/~edisp/agricul-turetech.pdf
Karimipourfard, H. 2001. A look at the causes of caries and rancidity of date palm fruit and its control strategies. Dates and Tropical Fruits Research Institute of the Country. Journal No. 81.
Liebenberg P.J. and Zaid A. (2002) Date Palm irrigation. Chapter 7. in. Date palm cultivation. Plant Production Pa-per 156 rev.1. Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations (FAO). Rome, Italy.
Marshall, T. J., Holmes, J. W., and Rose, C. W. (1996). Soil Physics(3th ed.). Australia.
Mohebbi, A. (2005). The effects of water on the surface and drip techniques on yield and quality traits Piarom date. Journal of Soil and Water Sciences, 19(1), 124-130. (In Persian)
Mohebbi A. and Alihouri M. (2013). The effect of depth and irrigation on the productivity, yield and vegetative Palm Piarom. Journal of agricultural water, 27(4), 455-464. (in Persian with English abstract)
Nowroozi M. and Zolfi Bavareyani M. (2010).  Determination of water required dates drip irrigation system in the Bushehr province. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 24(1), 21-30. (In Farsi)
Pezhman H. (2002) A view on date palm situation and its research program in IRAN. Proc. of Date Palm Global Network Establishment Meeting, UAE University, Al Ain: 71-80.
Rastegar H. and Zargari H. (2011) Effects of water stress on yield and quality of Shahani date. 7 th Congress of Horticultural Sciences. Iran, Isfahan University of Technology, pp, 1608-1610. (In Farsi)
Sepahvand M. (2009.) Comparing water requirements, water productivity and economic productivity of wheat and canola in the West of the country in wet years. Journal of Iran Water Research, 3(4), 63-68. (In Farsi)
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
Volume 49, Issue 5
September and October 2018
Pages 991-1001

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics