بررسی صفات رویشی و زایشی گل محمدی در رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری قطره‌ای سطحی و زیر‌سطحی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدة آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل

2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدة آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل

3 عضو هیئت علمی، بخش فنی و مهندسی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمان

چکیده

در این تحقیق، صفات تعداد شاخه در هر بوته، قطر سایه‌انداز، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد غنچه، وزن گلبرگ، وزن تر یک گل، درصد مادة خشک گل و وزن خشک کل گل محمدی تحت سه سطح آبیاری (100، 70، و 40 درصد مقدار تبخیر- تعرق پتانسیل) از طریق دو سامانة آبیاری قطره‌ای (سطحی و زیرسطحی) بررسی شد. بدین منظور، آزمایشی دوساله در قالب طرح کرت‌های خرد ده بر پایة بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمان در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی جوپار در سال‌های 1391 و 1392 اجراشد. نتایج نشان داد صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد غنچه، وزن تر یک گل، وزن گلبرگ و درصد مادة خشک گل در دو نوع سامانة آبیاری تفاوت معناداری نداشت، اما تمامی صفات به غیر از درصد مادة خشک گل تحت رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری تفاوت معناداری داشت. در مجموع، با توجه به محدودیت منابع آب در منطقة مورد مطالعه، تیمار 70 درصد تبخیر- تعرق پتانسیل مناسب تشخیص داده شد، زیرا با کاهش 30 درصدی آب آبیاری، تنها 8/5 و 15 درصد کاهش به‌ترتیب در تعداد غنچه و قطر سایه‌انداز حاصل شد که با ضریب همبستگی 99/0 مؤثرترین صفات بر عملکرد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Vegetative and Reproductive Characteristics of Damask Rose in Different Irrigation Regimes through Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Asma Moghbeli Mehni Dareroodi 1
  • Masoomeh Delbari 2
  • Nader Koohi 3
1 Graduate M.Sc. Student, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol
2 Associate Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Water and Soil, University of Zabol
3 Scientific Staff, Technical and Engineering Section, Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Kerman Province
چکیده [English]

Throughout the present study some vegetative and reproductive characteristics of Rosa damascene fewer than three different irrigation regimes (100, 70 and 40% of potential evapotranspiration) through an application of surface vs subsurface drip irrigation systems were investigated. Some morphological characteristics investigated, included the number of branches per plant, shading diameter, plant height, number of blooms, petals, weight, fresh weight of a single flower, percentage dry matter of a flower as well as its total dry weight. The experiment was performed in the framework of a split plot design based on randomized complete blocks of three replications at the Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources of Kerman (Joopar Research Station) during 2012 and 2013. Results revealed  that the plant height, number of blooms, fresh weight of one flower, petals, weight and percentage dry matter of flower were not significantly different for the two types of irrigation systems but all the plant traits (except percentage of dry matter of flower)  significantly differed under different irrigation management regimes. Due to severe limitations of water resources in the study area, the 70% potential evapotranspiration treatment was recognized as the most appropriate one because of having a 30% decrease in irrigation water use. There were only 5.8%  and 15% decrease observed respectively in the number of blooms and in the shading diameter, the most effective traits on yield (correlation coefficient = 0.99).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rosa damascene
  • Drip Irrigation
  • Deficit irrigation
  • morphological characteristics
  • Correlation

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