بررسی آثار تقسیط و مقادیر مختلف کود اوره در کودآبیاری جویچه‌ای بر عملکرد و برخی صفات کمّی و کیفی نیشکر رقم CP69-1062

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری رشتة آبیاری و زهکشی دانشکدة آب و خاک دانشگاه زابل و محقق ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهان

2 دانشیار دانشکدة آب و خاک دانشگاه زابل

3 استاد پژوهش مؤسسة تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی

4 رئیس ادارة آبیاری و زهکشی مؤسسة تحقیقات و آموزش توسعة نیشکر و صنایع جانبی خوزستان

5 استادیار دانشکدة آب و خاک دانشگاه زابل

چکیده

در کودآبیاری کارایی مصرف کود زیاد و توصیة کودی راحت‌تر از روش سنتی و مقدار کود مصرفی به مقدار واقعی برداشت عناصر غذایی نزدیک‏تر است. به „منظور بررسی اثر تعداد تقسیط و سطوح مختلف کود اوره در روش کودآبیاری جویچه‏ای نیشکر بر عملکرد و برخی صفات کمّی و کیفی نیشکر، آزمایشی به „صورت کرت‏های یک بار خردشده در قالب بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی، با سه تکرار، در قطعه„ای 25 هکتاری از مزارع کشت جدید (پلانت)، در اراضی کشت و صنعت نیشکر دهخدا، انجام شد. فاکتور اصلی تقسیط‏های کودی بود که در سه سطح (دو، سه، و چهار تقسیطی) اعمال شد. فاکتور فرعی مقدار کود مصرفی بود که در سه سطح (100، 80 و 60 درصد کود مورد نیاز، به „ترتیب معادل 350، 280، و 210 کیلوگرم کود اوره) اعمال شد. نتایج تجزیة تیمارهای آزمایشی نشان داد تیمار دوتقسیطی و60 درصد سطح کودی در همة صفات کمّی و کیفی‌ـ که شامل ارتفاع، عملکرد خالص نی، کارایی مصرف آب بر اساس نیشکر و شکر تولیدی، و کارایی مصرف کود‌ـ برتر بودند (05/0p<). در تیمار دوتقسیطی مقادیر کارایی مصرف آب بر اساس نیشکر و شکر تولیدی و کارایی مصرف کود به „ترتیب برابر 474/7 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب، 710/0 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب، و 7/437 کیلوگرم بر کیلوگرم بودند. همچنین، در تیمار 60 درصد سطح کودی، مقادیر کارایی مصرف آب بر اساس نیشکر و شکر سفید و کارایی مصرف کود به„ ترتیب 533/6 کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب، 628/0کیلوگرم بر متر مکعب و 9/454 کیلوگرم بر کیلوگرم به ‏دست آمدند. روش ارائه‌شده برای مدیریت بهینة مصرف کود می‏تواند به کاهش میزان کود مصرفی و درنتیجه آب‌شویی کمتر نیتروژن در کشت و صنعت„های نیشکری‌ بینجامد و در نهایت سبب کاهش آلودگی آب‏های زیرزمینی و افزایش ضریب سلامت جامعه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Split Application and Different Amounts of Area Fertilizer in Furrow Fertigation on Yield and some Quantitative and Qualitative Attributes of Sugarcane, Variety CP69-1062

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nader Salamati 1
  • Masumeh Delbari 2
  • Fariborz Abbasi 3
  • Ali Sheini Dashtgol 4
  • Peyman Afraseyab 2
  • Fateme Karandish 5
1 Researcher, Behbahan Agricultural Research Station
2 Associate professor- Department of Irrigation
3 Professor of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Center
4 Head Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Khuzestan Sugarcane Development and by- Products Research and Training Institute
5 Assistant Professor, Department Irrigation, University of Zabol
چکیده [English]

Fertigation offers ease and efficient application of fertilizers, in contrast with the traditional application methods. In fertigation, the volume amount of fertilizer applied is about e94 al to the actual amount of nutrient need and, uptake by the plant. Nutrient leaching can be controlled by adjusting the fertilizer application rate in each and every fertigation event as based upon crop root depth. The aim followed in this study was to investigate the effects of split application of different rates of urea on yield and on some quantitative as well as qualitative attributes of furrow-irrigated sugarcane in a plantation 25 hectare of a newly planted farm belonging to the Dehkhoda Sugarcane Agro-Industry. A split plot experiment was conducted in the framework of a randomized complete block design of three replications. The main factor consisted of split application of fertilizer at three levels of: two, three and four splits. The sub-main factor was comprised of different  amounts of fertilizer applied (350, 280 and 210 kg of urea corresponding to 100%, 80% and 60% fertilizer requirements, respectively). The results revealed that the two split treatment of with 60% fertilizer level was the mast preferred treatment in terms of all the quantitative and qualitative attributes and while two split treatment was the most acceptable treatment in terms of water use efficiency of sugarcane, extraction as white sugar of well as fertilizer use efficiency, with the figures of 7.474 and 0.710 kg/m3 and 437.7 kg/kg of urea, respectively. Moreover, the treatment of 60% fertilizer level performed better in terms of water use efficiency of sugarcane, white sugar and fertilizer use efficiency, amounting to 6.533 and 0.628 kg/m3 and 454.9 kg/kg of urea, respectively. The proposed methodology for optimum management of fertilizer application may result in a reduction of fertilizer use and nitrogen leaching from sugarcane agro-industry companies, farm soils. This would reduce groundwater pollution white increasing the community’s health.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • fertigation
  • Surface irrigation
  • nitrogen
  • Water use efficiency
  • Fertilizer use Efficiency
  • white sugar
  • Plant
  • Deh- khoda Agro- Industry

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