بومی‌سازی روش DGT در ایران و کاربرد آن در اندازه‌گیری میزان فسفر آب و خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم خاک دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم خاک دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

3 دانشیار گروه شیمی کاربردی دانشکدة شیمی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

فسفر، بعد از نیتروژن، مهم‌ترین عامل محدودکنندة تولیدات کشاورزی در جهان است. روش‏های مختلفی برای ارزیابی مقدار فسفر در آب و خاک وجود دارد. یکی از شیوه‏های جدید در این زمینه روش شیب پخش در غشای نازک (DGT) است. این روش بر پایة انتقال یون‏ها یا عناصر به صورت پخشیدگی از لایة پخش و جذب آن‏ها در لایة جاذب عمل می‏کند. در ساخت ژل‏های مورد نیاز در روش DGT، به طور معمول، از مواد انحصاری و دارای حق ثبت استفاده می‌شود. در این بررسی از ژل آکریلامید‌ـ آلیل آگاروز به منزلة لایة پخش و فری‌هیدرات در ژل آکریلامید‌ـ آلیل آگاروز به منزلة لایة جاذب در DGT استفاده شد و اثر این ماده در ضریب پخشیدگی یون فسفر در ژل پخش، واکنش‏پذیری ژل پخش، سینتیک واجذب فسفر از ژل جاذب، راندمان استحصال فسفر از ژل جاذب، و عملکرد  DGTدر آب و خاک بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد ضریب پخشیدگی یون فسفر در این ژل با 3/0 درصد از آلیل آگاروز در دمای 25 درجة سلسیوس  cm2/s6-10×2/8 بود و با افزایش غلظت آلیل‌ـ آگاروز کاهش یافت. در این تحقیق راندمان استحصال فسفر از ژل جاذب با 10 میلی‏لیتر اسید سولفوریک 15/0 مولار تقریباً 100 درصد بود. همچنین مقدار فسفر اندازه‏گیری‌شده با روش DGT همبستگی خطی نزدیکی با مقدار فسفر موجود در محلول (**98/0r=) داشت. در این تحقیق همبستگی بسیار خوبی بین مقدار فسفر اندازه‌گیری‌شده با روش DGT و فسفر قابل جذب در سه خاک آهکی مورد مطالعه (**99/0=r) وجود داشت که نشان می‌دهد ممکن است روش DGT جانشینی مناسب برای اندازه‌گیری سریع فسفر قابل جذب در خاک‏های آهکی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Localization DGT techniques in Iran and its application in the measurement of phosphorus content in soil and water

نویسندگان [English]

  • Adel Reyhanitabar 1
  • Saber Heidari 2
  • Ali Olad 3
1 Assistant Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture
2 PH.D student Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture
3 Associate Professor Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz
چکیده [English]

After nitrogen, between the essential nutrients, phosphorus is the most important limiting factor in agricultural yield production in the world. There are different methods for assessing the phosphorus status in soil and water. One of the new techniques in this regard is diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) techniques. This method based on the ion transport in a diffusion layer and its absorption by a resin layer. In manufacturing the gels in DGT, the material used is monopolies and patented. In this study, acrylamide - alyl agarose gel was used as the diffusion layer and ferryhydrite in acrylamide - alyl agarose gel as the resin layer in DGT assembly and the effect of diffusion coefficient in diffusive gel, diffusive gel reactivity, and phosphorus desorption kinetics from resin gel, phosphorus recovery efficiency from the resin gel and DGT performance in soil and water were examined. The results showed that the diffusion coefficient of phosphorus ions in the gel with a 0.3% of alyl agarose at 25 °C was 8.2×10-6 cm2/s and decreased with increasing alyl agarose concentrations. Phosphorous recovery efficiency from resin gel measured by 10 ml H2SO4 0.15 M was almost 100 percent. The measured P using DGT, showed a strong linear correlation (r=0.98**) with the phosphorus concentration in the examined solution. In this study, an excellent correlation (r=0.99**) between the P measured by DGT and the available P measured by the traditional Olsen method were observed in three calcareous soils, implying that DGT may be a suitable alternative method for rapid available P measurement in calcareous soils.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Acrylamide
  • Alyl agarose
  • DGT
  • Phosphorous
  • soil

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 46، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
فروردین 1394
صفحه 151-161

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