University of Tehran Press Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research 2008-479X 49 5 2018 11 22 Simultaneous Use of Climatic Signals and Sea Surface Temperature for Flow Forecasting (Case study: Cheshmeh Kileh catchment area) Simultaneous Use of Climatic Signals and Sea Surface Temperature for Flow Forecasting (Case study: Cheshmeh Kileh catchment area) 1043 1053 68193 10.22059/ijswr.2018.237949.667722 FA Hesam Ghoddousi . Assistant Professor, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran Leila Kooshafar MSc Student, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran Journal Article 2017 08 06  Regarding to the amount of water resources and per capita water consumption, Iran is one of those countries which faces with water shortage. Therefore, water resources forecasting and planning could have a considerable role on future water consumption decisions. Today, the researchers’ findings about strong correlation between large scale climatic changes and hydrological phenomena have doubled the necessity of considering hydro-climatological discussions in hydrology. Accordingly, the use of statistical methods and advanced models has greatly contributed in forecasting hydrological phenomena. In the present study, the estimation of  spring discharge in Cheshmeh kile's stream was investigated through common climatic signals related to the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic includes  Niño’s, AMO, SOI, NAO and PDO and also through the Caspian Sea surface temperature in winter by using conceptual model of ANN. The stream flow forecasting error with ANN model and climatic signals entry-SOI-NINO4-NINO3.4 using RMSE was calculated to be 8.61 m³/sec. This error with signal entry NINO3.4 was decreased to 3.31 m³/sec. Also, the forecasting error with precipitation entry and the Caspian Sea surface temperature was reduced to 0.08.  Regarding to the amount of water resources and per capita water consumption, Iran is one of those countries which faces with water shortage. Therefore, water resources forecasting and planning could have a considerable role on future water consumption decisions. Today, the researchers’ findings about strong correlation between large scale climatic changes and hydrological phenomena have doubled the necessity of considering hydro-climatological discussions in hydrology. Accordingly, the use of statistical methods and advanced models has greatly contributed in forecasting hydrological phenomena. In the present study, the estimation of  spring discharge in Cheshmeh kile's stream was investigated through common climatic signals related to the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic includes  Niño’s, AMO, SOI, NAO and PDO and also through the Caspian Sea surface temperature in winter by using conceptual model of ANN. The stream flow forecasting error with ANN model and climatic signals entry-SOI-NINO4-NINO3.4 using RMSE was calculated to be 8.61 m³/sec. This error with signal entry NINO3.4 was decreased to 3.31 m³/sec. Also, the forecasting error with precipitation entry and the Caspian Sea surface temperature was reduced to 0.08. https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_68193_424ed519556deb62d07650a3591d2bab.pdf