TY - JOUR ID - 83080 TI - Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Main Canal Cross-Section Shape on Flow Dynamic at the Rivers’ Junction JO - Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research JA - IJSWR LA - en SN - 2008-479X AU - Parchami, Navid AU - Hemmati, Mohammad AU - MIRMORSALI, Negin AD - Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. AD - Department of water engineering, Faculty of Agriculture , Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Y1 - 2021 PY - 2021 VL - 52 IS - 6 SP - 1477 EP - 1490 KW - Open canals junction KW - Flow 3D KW - Flow pattern KW - Flow separation zone DO - 10.22059/ijswr.2021.318648.668889 N2 - Studying and recognizing the flow dynamics at the junction and downstream of the junction is essential in designing the stable geometry of prismatic canals and providing a suitable protection solution for river systems. According to field data, the existence of different junction angles and bed discordance between the main and tributary canals is one of the most common physical characteristics of the most natural junction. The present research aims to numerically investigate the effect of main canal cross-section shapes (rectangular and trapezoidal) and junction angles (45° and 90°) on flow dynamics at river junctions of the concordance and discordance bed level. The results showed at the concordance bed level and junction with a  angle, in both cross-section shapes, the flow separation zone is formed near the bed, with the difference that in a trapezoidal section, its dimension was bigger than the rectangular section. At the  angle of the concordance bed level, this zone did not appear in any sections; but for unequal bed level junction, the separation zone was formed only on the water surface and for the trapezoidal section. In addition, the flow separation zone was not formed at the  discordance junction near the bed, but at the water surface its dimension in trapezoidal shape was more than the rectangular. Besides, the backwater at the upstream of the junction in main canal decreased in trapezoidal shape and in  junction angle. UR - https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_83080.html L1 - https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_83080_94932c51cb41c95ba1d1f9012152c8d3.pdf ER -