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<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56784</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56784_6a1bee7564df07f657c3ff1308b285eb.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>هیدرولوژی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>اثر توأم نوسانات فصلی دمای سطح آب خلیج فارس و دریای مدیترانه بر پیش‌بینی آبدهی ماهانۀ رودخانۀ کرخه</article-title>
			        <subtitle>اثر توأم نوسانات فصلی دمای سطح آب خلیج فارس و دریای مدیترانه بر پیش‌بینی آبدهی ماهانۀ رودخانۀ کرخه</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>مدرسی</surname>
			            <given-names>فرشته</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی منابع آب، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2">
			          <name>
			            <surname>عراقی تژاد</surname>
			            <given-names>شهاب</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>ابراهیمی</surname>
			            <given-names>کیومرث</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>597</fpage>
			      <lpage>607</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>30</day>
			          <month>04</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>29</day>
			          <month>06</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56784.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56784.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>در مقالة حاضر، اثر توأم نوسانات فصلی دمای سطح آب خلیج فارس و دریای مدیترانه بر پیش‌بینی آبدهی ماهانة رودخانة کرخه بررسی شده است. در این راستا، روش داده‌کاوی تجزیه به مقادیر منفرد (SVD) برای تشخیص گره‌های اثرگذار دریاها بر اقلیم منطقه و ایجاد سری‌های زمانی هم‌بسته از دمای سطح آب و جریان رودخانه استفاده شده است. همچنین، مدل شبکة عصبی رگرسیون تعمیم‌یافته (GRNN) بر مبنای صحت‌سنجی متقاطع برای تشخیص بهترین پیش‌بینی‌کننده‌های جریان از میان ترکیب‌های مختلف پیش‌بینی‌کننده‌ها برای هر ماه به‌کار رفته است. نتایج پیش‌بینی آبدهی در محل ورودی به سد گرشا نشان می‌دهد که دمای پاییزة سطح آب مدیترانه بر آبدهی بهمن تا فروردین و دمای تابستانه و پاییزة خلیج فارس بر آبدهی فروردین و اردیبهشت اثرگذار است، به‌طوری‌که به‌کارگیری این دو متغیر در پیش‌بینی آبدهی فروردین و اردیبهشت به طور متوسط سبب افزایش 118 و 282 درصدی شاخص نش در مراحل واسنجی و صحت‌سنجی می‌شود.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>پیش‌بینی آبدهی ماهانه</kwd>
						<kwd>خلیج فارس</kwd>
						<kwd>دریای مدیترانه</kwd>
						<kwd>GRNN</kwd>
						<kwd>SVD</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
<back>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56785</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56785_0a5b4f8092dfa0db306da36aa73b7918.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>هیدرولوژی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>آنالیز همبستگی پایۀ زمانی و تأخیر زمانی بین خشکسالی اقلیمی و خشکسالی آب‌شناختی دشت هشتگرد</article-title>
			        <subtitle>آنالیز همبستگی پایۀ زمانی و تأخیر زمانی بین خشکسالی اقلیمی و خشکسالی آب‌شناختی دشت هشتگرد</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>بختیاری عنایت</surname>
			            <given-names>بهرام</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد آبخیزداری دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2">
			          <name>
			            <surname>ملکیان</surname>
			            <given-names>آرش</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>سلاجقه</surname>
			            <given-names>علی</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استاد دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>609</fpage>
			      <lpage>616</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>07</day>
			          <month>12</month>
			          <year>2014</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>12</day>
			          <month>09</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56785.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56785.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>به منظور بررسی آثار زمانی خشکسالی اقلیمی بر خشکسالی آب‌شناختی در منابع آب زیرزمینی، تحقیق حاضر در دشت هشتگرد انجام شد. در این تحقیق، ابتدا SPI به عنوان نمایة خشکسالی اقلیمی استانداردشده و GRI به عنوان شاخص منابع آب زیرزمینی محاسبه شد. از آزمون من‌کندال برای بررسی وجود روند در داده‌ها استفاده شد. همبستگی پیرسون بین SPI و GRI از طریق همبستگی متقابل محاسبه شد. برای بررسی دقیق همبستگی، از پایه‌های زمانی 0 تا 200 ماهة SPI و هم تأخیر زمانی صفر تا 150 ماهه با GRI استفاده شد. در نهایت، مشخص شد که در ارتباط زمانی بین SPI و GRI علاوه‌بر وابستگی به پایة زمانی شاخص خشکسالی و تأخیر زمانی بین این دو شاخص، به ارتباط درونی بین تأخیر و پایة زمانی نیز وابسته است و الگوی رفتاری هر پیزومتر منجر به گروه‌بندی پیزومترها در سه گروه متفاوت شد.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>الگوی پیزومتر</kwd>
						<kwd>GRI</kwd>
						<kwd>SPI</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
<back>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56786</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56786_d3f38420cc1d604d5e695a8742285b7a.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>هیدرولوژی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>بازسازی جریان رودخانه با استفاده از گاه‌شناسی درختی، و مدل‌سازی و طبقه‌بندی خشکسالی هیدرولوژیکی در حوضۀ کرخه</article-title>
			        
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>فروغی</surname>
			            <given-names>فرید</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی دورة دکتری گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرج، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2">
			          <name>
			            <surname>عراقی نژاد</surname>
			            <given-names>شهاب</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>عزیزی</surname>
			            <given-names>قاسم</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c4">
			          <name>
			            <surname>ارسلانی</surname>
			            <given-names>محسن</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>617</fpage>
			      <lpage>629</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>13</day>
			          <month>07</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>13</day>
			          <month>09</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56786.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56786.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>با اندازه‌گیری حلقه‌های رویشی سالیانة درختان و ساخت گاه‌شناسی از آن‌ها، امکان مطالعه و بازسازی جریان رودخانه‌ها در محدودة رویشگاه‌‌ها فراهم می‌شود. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بازسازی جریان رودخانه با استفاده از گاه‌شناسی درختی، و مدلسازی و طبقه‌بندی خشکسالی هیدرولوژیکی در حوضة کرخه است. در این تحقیق از شاخص گاه‌شناسی درختی منطقه‌ای زاگرس مرکزی دو گونة درختی بلوط ایرانی ( Quercus brantii) و بلوط مازو (Quercus infectoria) طی دورة 1840-2010 برای بازسازی جریان رودخانه در حوضة کرخه استفاده شده است. سه ایستگاه آب‌سنجی در حوضة رودخانة کرخه انتخاب و دورة پرآبی آن‌ها تعیین شد. با توجه به همبستگی مثبت و معنادار جریان رودخانه در دورة پرآبی سه ایستگاه آب‌سنجی در این حوضه با شاخص گاه‌شناسی درختی منطقه‌ای، میانگین جریان رودخانه در دورة پرآبی برای این سه ایستگاه طی سال‌های 1840 تا 2010 بازسازی شد. مقادیر مشاهداتی جریان رودخانه و مقادیر بازسازی‌شدة آن در دورة آماری مشترک به خوبی با هم مطابقت دارد. در ادامه، وضعیت هیدرولوژیکی در طول دورة گاه‌‌شناسی و بر اساس آن خشکسالی هیدرولوژیکی در حوضة کرخه برای سال‌های 1840 تا 2010 بررسی شد. شدت و تداوم خشکسالی‌ها، همچنین دهه‌های پرآب و کم‌آب تعیین شد. همچنین، نتایج این تحقیق با سایر محققان نیز مقایسه شد. پس از بازسازی جریان رودخانه، از مدل شبکة عصبی احتمالاتی برای طبقه‌بندی دوره‌های بسیار کم‌آب، کم‌آب، پرآب و بسیار پرآب استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که مدل ارائه‌شده با دقت زیاد قادر به تشخیص دوره‌های نامبرده در منطقة مورد نظر است.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>اقلیم‌شناسی درختی</kwd>
						<kwd>بازسازی جریان رودخانه</kwd>
						<kwd>حلقه‌های درختی</kwd>
						<kwd>حوضة کرخه</kwd>
						<kwd>طبقه‌بندی خشکسالی</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56787</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56787_15e5d4c60628e7a87635464d295bf95f.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>فرسایش و حفاظت خاک</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>تحلیل مقایسه‌ای اثر شدت باران و شیب پلات‌های آزمایشگاهی بر مؤلفه‌های فرسایش ناشی از اثر قطره‌های باران (RIIE)</article-title>
			        <subtitle>تحلیل مقایسه‌ای اثر شدت باران و شیب پلات‌های آزمایشگاهی  بر مؤلفه‌های فرسایش ناشی از اثر قطره‌های باران (RIIE)</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>کیانی هرچگانی</surname>
			            <given-names>محبوبه</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی دکتری گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدة منابع‌طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، مازندران، نور</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>صادقی</surname>
			            <given-names>سیدحمیدرضا</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استاد گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکدة منابع‌طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، مازندران، نور</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>اسدی</surname>
			            <given-names>حسین</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه گیلان</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>631</fpage>
			      <lpage>640</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>14</day>
			          <month>03</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>17</day>
			          <month>08</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56787.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56787.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>جدایش پاشمانی و انتقال ذرات خاک به‌وسیلة اثر قطره‌های باران در خاک سطحی شروع روند فرسایش آبی محسوب می‌شود. این در حالی است که به تحلیل فرایندی و اثر عوامل مختلف روی آن کمتر توجه شده است. به‌همین منظور پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل مقایسه‌ای اثر شیب و شدت باران بر مؤلفه‌های فرسایش ناشی از اثر قطره‌های باران (RIIE) در خاک لوم رسی شنی در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی برنامه‌ریزی شد. برای این کار، 81 آزمایش شبیه‌سازی بارش در پلات‌های 1×6 متر در شیب‌های 5، 15 و 25 درصد متناسب با شرایط فعلی منطقه و در شدت‌های 30، 60 و 90 میلی‌متر بر ساعت با استفاده از منحنی شدت، مدت و فراوانی منطقه و در سه تکرار با شبیه‌ساز باران و در بالادست و پایین‌دست فنجان پاشمان مورگان و در سه موقعیت بالادست، وسط و پایین‌دست پلات‌ها صورت گرفت. طبق نتایج پژوهش حاضر، تأثیرپذیری تمامی متغیرهای مورد بررسی شامل پاشمان بالادست و پایین‌دست و پاشمان کل و خالص ناشی از شدت بارش و تغییرات مکانی در سطح 99 درصد معنا‌دار بود. تنها تأثیر تغییرات مکانی بر پاشمان خالص معنا‌دار نبود (13/0 ≥ P). همچنین تحلیل نتایج، بر نبود اثر معنا‌دار شیب بر متغیرها (11/0 ≥ P) به جز پاشمان خالص (01/0 P ≤) دلالت داشته است.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>خاک</kwd>
						<kwd>شبیه‌ساز باران</kwd>
						<kwd>عوامل فرسایش</kwd>
						<kwd>فرسایش بارانی</kwd>
						<kwd>فرایند فرسایش</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
<back>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56788</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56788_42c0f5b1c1db73b2b70d0ac9ef242f7f.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>هواشناسی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>دویست سال بازسازی حلقه-درختی دمای حداکثر در کلیک نوشهر</article-title>
			        <subtitle>دویست سال بازسازی حلقه-درختی دمای حداکثر در کلیک نوشهر</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>نادی</surname>
			            <given-names>مهدی</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دکتری هواشناسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، گروه آبیاری و آبادانی، بخش هواشناسی کشاورزی</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>بذرافشان</surname>
			            <given-names>جواد</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، گروه آبیاری و آبادانی، بخش هواشناسی کشاورزی</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>پورطهماسی</surname>
			            <given-names>کامبیز</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، گروه علوم و صنایع چوب و کاغذ</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c4">
			          <name>
			            <surname>براونینگ</surname>
			            <given-names>آخیم</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>عضو هیئت علمی گروه جغرافیای دانشگاه ارلانگن- نورنبرگ</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>641</fpage>
			      <lpage>652</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>02</day>
			          <month>03</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>28</day>
			          <month>07</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56788.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56788.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>یکی از روش‌های بازسازی متغیرهای اقلیمی، به‌ویژه دما، استفاده از گاه‌شناسی درختی (عرض حلقه‌های درختان) است. تاکنون تحقیقی در زمینة بازسازی درازمدت دما در اکوسیستم خزری انجام نشده است. تحقیق حاضر با استفاده از گاه‌شناسی درختان راش ارتفاعات نوشهر به بازسازی دما پرداخته است. برای این منظور، همبستگی حلقه‌های سالانة درختان با متغیرهای هواشناسی ایستگاهی و جهانی بررسی شد. تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد که کاهش دمای حداکثر در دورة رشد عامل محدودکنندة رشد درختان است. بنابراین، متوسط دمای حداکثر مارس- سپتامبر ایستگاه هواشناسی نوشهر بازسازی شد. نتایج بازسازی دما نشان داد که در دو قرن گذشته، در این منطقه سال‌های بسیار سرد بیش از سال‌های بسیار گرم بوده است. همچنین، دهة اول قرن بیستم و سال‌های 1950-1970 گرم‌ترین و دهة 1830 و سال‌های 1930-1950 سردترین دوره‌ها بوده‌اند. به‌علاوه، تأثیر معنادار فاز منفی NAO در ماه‌های ابتدایی رشد بر افزایش دما مشخص شد. دماهای بازسازی‌شده در این تحقیق مشابه تحقیقات انجام‌شده در شرق مدیترانه، روند جهانی افزایش دما در سال‌های اخیر را نشان نداد.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>بازسازی دما</kwd>
						<kwd>حلقه‌های درخت</kwd>
						<kwd>راش</kwd>
						<kwd>نوشهر</kwd>
						<kwd>NAO</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56789</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56789_4a801acfe2389842c639e45e33a3f2e8.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>منابع آب</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>تعیین ضریب پخش طولی با انجام آزمایش‌های ردیابی</article-title>
			        <subtitle>تعیین ضریب پخش طولی با انجام آزمایش‌های ردیابی</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>محمدی قلعه نی</surname>
			            <given-names>مهدی</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی منابع آب، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>ابراهیمی</surname>
			            <given-names>کیومرث</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>امید</surname>
			            <given-names>محمدحسین</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استاد گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>653</fpage>
			      <lpage>662</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>23</day>
			          <month>05</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>09</day>
			          <month>08</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56789.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56789.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>تاکنون سه رویکرد شامل آزمایش‌های ردیابی، انتگرال‌گیری از پروفیل سرعت و کاربرد رابطه‌های تجربی به عنوان روش‌های متداول به منظور برآورد ضریب پخش طولی در رودخانه‌ها و انهار به کار رفته است. در مقالة حاضر معادلة جدید ضریب پخش طولی بر مبنای داده‌های برداشت‌شده از آزمایش‌های ردیابی با استفاده از ردیاب نمک و کاربرد دو گروه مختلف از روابط بنیادی تجربی این ضریب تعیین و ارزیابی شده است. برای این منظور طولی معادل 500 متر از کانال بتنی برای اجرای آزمایش‌های ردیابی، در سه طول اختلاط متفاوت برابر با 45، 75 و 100 متر، در بهمن‌ماه 1393 به‌کار برده شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که اختلاف بین میانگین، واریانس و غلظت ماکزیمم بین داده‌های اندازه‌گیری‌شده و برآوردشده با استفاده از بهترین رابطة تجربی موجود به ترتیب 79، 6 و 99 و در رابطة استخراجی از مقالة حاضر 66، 1- و 44 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر است.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>رابطة تجربی</kwd>
						<kwd>ردیاب</kwd>
						<kwd>طول اختلاط</kwd>
						<kwd>مشخصه‌های هیدرولیکی</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
<back>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56790</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56790_d2b54f9bc27dca687f3c490ad93af2f6.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>سازه‌های آبی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>مقایسۀ روش‌های مختلف تخمین بده سرریز جانبی لبه‌‌ تیز نیم‌دایره‌ای در رژیم جریان زیربحرانی</article-title>
			        <subtitle>مقایسۀ روش‌های مختلف تخمین بده سرریز جانبی لبه‌‌ تیز نیم‌دایره‌ای در رژیم جریان زیربحرانی</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>حق شناس</surname>
			            <given-names>وحید</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی دکتری سازه‌های آبی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>وطن خواه</surname>
			            <given-names>علیرضا</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>663</fpage>
			      <lpage>671</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>26</day>
			          <month>01</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>01</day>
			          <month>07</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56790.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56790.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>سرریز جانبی یکی از سازه‌های کنترل جریان است که به طور گسترده در شبکه‌های آبیاری و زهکشی و شبکه‌های فاضلاب استفاده می‌شود. تحقیق حاضر با 162 آزمایش روی سرریز جانبی دایره‌ای لبه ‌تیز انجام شده است. با توجه به متغیربودن ارتفاع لبة سرریز و گسترش عرض فوقانی در سرریز جانبی دایره‌ای، این سرریز توانایی کنترل بهتر سیلاب را نسبت به سرریز جانبی مستطیلی داراست. معادلة دیفرانسیل حاکم بر سرریز جانبی دایره‌ای حل تحلیلی ندارد و با استفاده از روش‌های عددی حل می‌شود. از آنجا که روش‌های عددی هزینة محاسباتی دارد، در این تحقیق از معادلة سرریزهای معمولی و خطی فرض‌کردن پروفیل سطح آب در طول سرریز جانبی استفاده شده است. در نهایت، با انجام سه آزمایش دیگر در شرایط متفاوت از شرایط آزمایش‌های انجام‌شده مشخص شد که روش خطی فرض‌کردن پروفیل سطح آب نسبت به سایر روش‌های مورد استفاده در این تحقیق دقت بیشتری دارد.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>جریان متغیر مکانی</kwd>
						<kwd>سرریز جانبی</kwd>
						<kwd>سرریز جانبی دایره‌ای</kwd>
						<kwd>ضریب بده</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
<back>
	<ref-list>
		<ref id="R1">
			<label>1</label>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56791</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56791_4ecfd38826edf54c68a501d20c12a819.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>آبیاری و زهکشی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>بررسی صفات رویشی و زایشی گل محمدی در رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری قطره‌ای سطحی و زیر‌سطحی</article-title>
			        <subtitle>بررسی صفات رویشی و زایشی گل محمدی در رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری قطره‌ای سطحی و زیر‌سطحی</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>مقبلی مهنی دررودی</surname>
			            <given-names>اسماء</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدة آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>دلبری</surname>
			            <given-names>معصومه</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدة آب و خاک، دانشگاه زابل</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>کوهی</surname>
			            <given-names>نادر</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>عضو هیئت علمی، بخش فنی و مهندسی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمان</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>673</fpage>
			      <lpage>683</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>16</day>
			          <month>02</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>29</day>
			          <month>06</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56791.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56791.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>در این تحقیق، صفات تعداد شاخه در هر بوته، قطر سایه‌انداز، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد غنچه، وزن گلبرگ، وزن تر یک گل، درصد مادة خشک گل و وزن خشک کل گل محمدی تحت سه سطح آبیاری (100، 70، و 40 درصد مقدار تبخیر- تعرق پتانسیل) از طریق دو سامانة آبیاری قطره‌ای (سطحی و زیرسطحی) بررسی شد. بدین منظور، آزمایشی دوساله در قالب طرح کرت‌های خرد ده بر پایة بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمان در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی جوپار در سال‌های 1391 و 1392 اجراشد. نتایج نشان داد صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد غنچه، وزن تر یک گل، وزن گلبرگ و درصد مادة خشک گل در دو نوع سامانة آبیاری تفاوت معناداری نداشت، اما تمامی صفات به غیر از درصد مادة خشک گل تحت رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری تفاوت معناداری داشت. در مجموع، با توجه به محدودیت منابع آب در منطقة مورد مطالعه، تیمار 70 درصد تبخیر- تعرق پتانسیل مناسب تشخیص داده شد، زیرا با کاهش 30 درصدی آب آبیاری، تنها 8/5 و 15 درصد کاهش به‌ترتیب در تعداد غنچه و قطر سایه‌انداز حاصل شد که با ضریب همبستگی 99/0 مؤثرترین صفات بر عملکرد بود.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>آبیاری قطره‌ای</kwd>
						<kwd>صفات مورفولوژی</kwd>
						<kwd>کم‌آبیاری</kwd>
						<kwd>گل محمدی</kwd>
						<kwd>همبستگی</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56792</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56792_d558ae7c2d9947150de0719cb47b921c.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>آبیاری و زهکشی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>ارزیابی مدل AquaCrop در پیش‌بینی عملکرد نیشکر و شوری پروفیل خاک تحت تنش شوری</article-title>
			        <subtitle>ارزیابی مدل AquaCrop در پیش‌بینی عملکرد نیشکر و شوری پروفیل خاک تحت تنش شوری</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>گلابی</surname>
			            <given-names>منا</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار دانشکدة مهندسی و علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2">
			          <name>
			            <surname>ناصری</surname>
			            <given-names>عبدعلی</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استاد دانشکدة مهندسی و علوم آب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>685</fpage>
			      <lpage>694</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>28</day>
			          <month>05</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>14</day>
			          <month>07</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56792.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56792.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>در سال‌های اخیر مدل‌های متعددی جهت روابط آب و خاک و گیاه ارائه‌شده است. یکی از آن‌ها مدل AquaCrop است که در تحقیق حاضر به‌منظور پیش‌بینی عملکرد نیشکر و شوری پروفیل خاک تحت تنش شوری در جنوب خوزستان استفاده شده است. به منظور دستیابی به برخی ضرایب ورودی مورد نیاز ابتدا کالیبره‌شدن انجام شد. مدل نسبت به پوشش کانوپی اولیه در زمان تکمیل 90 درصد سبزشدن (CC0)، حداکثر کانوپی گیاهی (CCx) و شاخص برداشت (HI) کالیبره شد. این ضرایب به‌ترتیب 2/7 سانتی‌مترمربع، 90 درصد و 40 درصد به‌دست آمد. سپس، مدل اجرا و مقادیر شبیه‌سازی و اندازه‌گیری‌شده با استفاده از شاخص‌های آماری مقایسه شد. ضریب تعیین بین مقادیر اندازه‌گیری و شبیه‌سازی‌شدة عملکرد 97/0، میانگین مربعات خطای نرمال‌شده 8 درصد، معیار کارایی نش- ساتکلیف 83/0 و ضریب باقیمانده 09/0- برآورد شد. به‌طورکلی، می‌توان گفت مدلAquaCrop توانایی مناسبی در شبیه‌سازی میزان عملکرد تحت تنش شوری دارد. همچنین، مقادیر شبیه‌سازی‌شده توسط مدل بیش از مقدار واقعی برآورد شده است. ضریب تعیین مدل در شبیه‌سازی شوری پروفیل خاک بیش از 80 درصد به‌دست آمد و نحوة قرارگیری داده‌های اندازه‌گیری و شبیه‌سازی‌شده نسبت به خط 1:1 بیانگر برآورد بیشتر مدل AquaCrop است.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>تنش شوری</kwd>
						<kwd>مدل AquaCrop</kwd>
						<kwd>نیشکر</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
<back>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56793</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56793_27a3887e5d26b8bbd4748484291f27b9.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>آبیاری و زهکشی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>بررسی و تحلیل متغیرهای جریان و هندسی بر عملکرد بهینۀ آبیاری نواری با استفاده از مدل WinSRFR</article-title>
			        <subtitle>بررسی و تحلیل متغیرهای جریان و هندسی بر عملکرد بهینۀ آبیاری نواری با استفاده از مدل WinSRFR</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>رضاوردی نژاد</surname>
			            <given-names>وحید</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2">
			          <name>
			            <surname>جنوبی</surname>
			            <given-names>رزا</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>بشارت</surname>
			            <given-names>سینا</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c4">
			          <name>
			            <surname>عباسی</surname>
			            <given-names>فریبرز</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استاد مؤسسة تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، کرج، ایران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>695</fpage>
			      <lpage>706</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>28</day>
			          <month>03</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>14</day>
			          <month>07</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56793.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56793.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>مسئلة اصلی روش‌های آبیاری سطحی  بازده اندک آب آبیاری است که اغلب از ضعف مدیریت و طراحی نامناسب ناشی می‌شود. هدف از این مطالعه، بهبود عملکرد آبیاری نواری براساس چهار متغیر شامل دبی ورودی، زمان قطع جریان، طول و شیب نوار بود. برای این منظور هشت سری دادة میدانی آبیاری نواری با سیستم انتهاباز در نظر گرفته شد. واسنجی پارامترهای نفوذ نوارها براساس روش بهینه‌سازی چندسطحی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که روش بهینه‌سازی چندسطحی در تخمین پارامترهای نفوذ آبیاری نواری روشی قابل قبول و با دقت مناسب است. مطابق روش بهینه‌سازی چندسطحی، متوسط خطای نسبی تخمین حجم رواناب 5/0 درصد و متوسط ریشة میانگین مربعات خطای تخمین زمان پیشروی و پسروی به ترتیب 1/3 و 2/3 دقیقه محاسبه شد. با استفاده از منحنی‌های هم ‌راز بازده کاربرد و یکنواختی توزیع WinSRFR، عملکرد نوارها بهینه شد. براساس مدیریت متغیرهای جریان دبی ورودی و زمان قطع جریان، بازده کاربرد به‌طور متوسط 12 درصد (با فرض کفایت 100 درصد) برای هشت سری آزمایش نسبت به شرایط موجود افزایش‌پذیر است. نتایج نشان داد متغیرهای هندسی نوار (شیب و طول نوار) به همراه متغیرهای جریان، تأثیر کم بر عملکرد بهینه داشت و مطابق تمام متغیرهای جریان و هندسی نوار به عنوان متغیرهای تصمیم، بازده کاربرد به‌طور متوسط 35/13 درصد نسبت به شرایط موجود افزایش‌پذیر است.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>روش بهینه‌سازی چندسطحی</kwd>
						<kwd>مدل آبیاری سطحی</kwd>
						<kwd>مدیریت آبیاری</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56794</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56794_8bc0edcb074b35013a2aa63b0e99e378.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>آبیاری و زهکشی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>اثر متقابل تداوم زهکشی و فاصلۀ زهکش‌های زیرزمینی در زهکشی میان‌فصل بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج رقم هاشمی</article-title>
			        <subtitle>اثر متقابل تداوم زهکشی و فاصلۀ زهکش‌های زیرزمینی در زهکشی میان‌فصل بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج رقم هاشمی</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>چاکانی</surname>
			            <given-names>پروین</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>پیرمرادیان</surname>
			            <given-names>نادر</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>یزدانی</surname>
			            <given-names>محمد رضا</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسة تحقیقات برنج، رشت، ایران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c4">
			          <name>
			            <surname>نوابیان</surname>
			            <given-names>مریم</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>707</fpage>
			      <lpage>714</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>20</day>
			          <month>04</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>01</day>
			          <month>07</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56794.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56794.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>این تحقیق به منظور دستیابی به بهترین فاصلة زهکش‌های زیرزمینی و تداوم زهکشی در زهکشی میان‌فصل اراضی شالیزاری در سال 1393 در مزرعة آزمایشی مؤسسة تحقیقات برنج کشور در رشت با طول جغرافیایی 63/49 درجة شرقی و عرض جغرافیایی 16/37 درجة شمالی و ارتفاع 6/24 متر از سطح دریا در آرایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایة بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در کرت‌هایی به ابعاد 4×3 متر با فاکتور فاصلة زهکش در سه سطح 5/7، 10 و 15 متر و  فاکتور تداوم زهکشی میان‌فصل در دو سطح 7 و 11روز با زهکش‌هایی در عمق 90 سانتی‌متری روی برنج رقم هاشمی انجام شد. صفاتی نظیر ارتفاع بوته، تعداد پنجه، طول خوشه، تعداد دانة پر، وزن هزاردانه، مادة خشک، شاخص برداشت، عملکرد، رطوبت خاک و دبی خروجی از زهکش‌ها اندازه‌گیر‌ی شد. بر اساس نتایج اثر تداوم زهکشی میان‌فصل بر عملکرد، بیشترین عملکرد در تداوم زهکشی هفت روز با مقدار 3987 کیلوگرم در هکتار به‌دست آمد. همچنین، از نظر اثر فاصلة زهکش‌ها، فاصلة 15 متر بیشترین عملکرد با مقدار 3446 کیلوگرم در هکتار را داشت. تحلیل آماری اثر متقابل تداوم زهکشی میان‌فصل و فاصلة زهکش‌های زیرزمینی بر عملکرد بیانگر حصول بیشترین عملکرد (4384 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار تداوم هفت روز با فاصلة زهکش 15 متر بود که برای اجرا در منطقة مورد مطالعه توصیه می‌شود.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>تداوم زهکشی</kwd>
						<kwd>زهکشی اراضی شالیزاری</kwd>
						<kwd>عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد</kwd>
						<kwd>فاصلة زهکش‌ها</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
<back>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56795</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56795_4ba63e38db4fbed1b5cabbe4066df27c.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
			          		<subject>مقاله پژوهشی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>ارائۀ رابطۀ رگرسیونی بین عملکرد گندم دیم و ویژگی‌های خاک در منطقه‌ای نیمه‌خشک در استان زنجان</article-title>
			        <subtitle>ارائۀ رابطۀ رگرسیونی بین عملکرد گندم دیم و ویژگی‌های خاک در منطقه‌ای نیمه‌خشک در استان زنجان</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>بابائی</surname>
			            <given-names>فاطمه</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی دکتری علوم خاک، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2">
			          <name>
			            <surname>واعظی</surname>
			            <given-names>علی رضا</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>طاهری</surname>
			            <given-names>مهدی</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>عضو هیئت علمی مرکز پژوهش‌های کشاورزی زنجان، زنجان</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c4">
			          <name>
			            <surname>زرین آّبادی</surname>
			            <given-names>احسان</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی‌ارشد علوم خاک دانشگاه زنجان</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c5">
			          <name>
			            <surname>اسلامی</surname>
			            <given-names>سیده فاطمه</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد علوم خاک دانشگاه زنجان</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>715</fpage>
			      <lpage>725</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>14</day>
			          <month>04</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>14</day>
			          <month>07</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56795.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56795.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>گندم دیم منبع غذایی اصلی غالب کشورهای درحال‌توسعه است که عوامل مختلفی بر تولید آن مؤثر است. هدف از این پژوهش ارائة مدلی است که عملکرد دانة گندم دیم را بر اساس ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک برآورد کند. بدین منظور، مقادیر عملکرد دانة گندم دیم و ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی در سه تکرار به‌طور جداگانه در یک سال زراعی ،1393، در 53 مزرعة گندم دیم، در سطح استان زنجان اندازه‌گیری شد. با به‌کارگیری روش رگرسیون حداقل مربعات جزئی، مدلی برای بیان رابطة عملکرد دانة گندم دیم و ویژگی‌های خاک ارائه شد (40n= و 6/0R2=). سیلت و کربنات کلسیم معادل، مؤثرترین عوامل بر عملکرد گندم دیم و ضرایب استانداردشدة آن‌ها در مدل برآوردکننده به ترتیب 23/0 و 24/0- بود. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک شامل میزان سیلت، کربنات کلسیم معادل و پتاسیم به ترتیب اولویت تأثیر بیشتری بر عملکرد دانة گندم دیم دارد.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>اعتبارسنجی ضربدری</kwd>
						<kwd>تجزیه مؤلفة اصلی</kwd>
						<kwd>رگرسیون حداقل مربعات جزئی</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56796</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56796_2b6b53fdad6258c9f0cf460b736a3a21.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>حاصلخیزی خاک و تغذیه گیاه</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>ارزیابی کارایی مدل‌های رگرسیون چند‌متغیره و شبکۀ عصبی مصنوعی (ANN) در پیش‌بینی فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان در شاخسارۀ گندم نان (Triticum aestivum) تحت سمیت کادمیم</article-title>
			        
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>جوادزرین</surname>
			            <given-names>ایمان</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>کارشناس‌ارشد، گروه مهندسی علوم خاک، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران.</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>متشرع زاده</surname>
			            <given-names>بابک</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار گروه مهندسی علوم خاک، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>727</fpage>
			      <lpage>737</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>01</day>
			          <month>10</month>
			          <year>2014</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>14</day>
			          <month>07</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56796.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56796.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>هدف از انجام این تحقیق مقایسة کارایی مدل‌های رگرسیون چند‌متغیره و شبکة عصبی مصنوعی (ANN) جهت پیش‌بینی مقدار فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان سوپراکسید دیسموتاز (SOD)، کاتالاز (CAT)، آسکوربات پراکسیداز (APX) و پراکسیداز (POX) در شاخسارة گندم (Triticumaestivum) رقم الوند در خاک آلوده به کادمیم بود. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل چهار سطح کادمیم (صفر (شاهد)، 25، 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم کادمیم در کیلوگرم خاک) بود. پس از گذشت 30 روز (هم‌زمان با مرحلة به ساقه رفتن) اقدام به برداشت نمونه‌ها و اندازه‌گیری ده پارامتر مختلف شامل وزن تر و خشک، غلظت کلروفیل‌های a و b، غلظت عناصر کادمیم، مس، آهن، منگنز، روی و پتاسیم شد. همچنین، مقدار فعالیت آنزیم‌های SOD، CAT، APX و POX اندازه‌گیری شد. در مرحلة بعد ضرایب همبستگی بین پارامترهای ده‌گانه و مقدار فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان تعیین شد. نتایج حاصل از مدل‌های بهینه‌شدة رگرسیون چند‌متغیره و شبکة عصبی مصنوعی نشان داد که کارایی مدل شبکة عصبی مصنوعی در پیش‌بینی مقدار فعالیت آنزیم‌های SOD و POX بیش از مدل رگرسیون چند‌متغیره بود. ضرایب همبستگی (r2) بین مقادیر اندازه‌گیری‌شده و پیش‌بینی‌شدة فعالیت آنزیم SOD برای مدل‌های رگرسیون چند‌متغیره و شبکة عصبی مصنوعی به ترتیب 76/0 و 87/0 بود. ضرایب همبستگی آنزیم POX برای مدل‌های رگرسیون چند‌متغیره و شبکة عصبی مصنوعی به ترتیب 96/0 و 98/0 بود. ضرایب همبستگی بین مقادیر اندازه‌گیری‌شده و پیش‌بینی‌شدة فعالیت آنزیم CAT برای مدل‌های رگرسیون چند‌متغیره و شبکة عصبی مصنوعی به ترتیب 97/0 و 98/0 بود. در رابطه با آنزیم APX این ضرایب برای مدل‌های رگرسیون چند‌متغیره و شبکة عصبی به ترتیب 97/0 و 99/0 بود. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق می‌توان گفت کارایی مدل شبکة عصبی مصنوعی در پیش‌بینی مقدار فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان در شاخسارة رقم الوند تحت سمیت کادمیم به طور کلی بیش از مدل رگرسیون چند‌متغیره بود.     </p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>آلودگی خاک</kwd>
						<kwd>فلزات سنگین</kwd>
						<kwd>مدل‌سازی</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56797</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56797_066d841a03d62ba8b99f0a247ce8a9d7.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
			          		<subject>مقاله پژوهشی</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>اثر کربنات کلسیم و pH بر سینتیک تثبیت فسفر در خاک های مختلف</article-title>
			        <subtitle>اثر کربنات کلسیم و pH بر سینتیک تثبیت فسفر در خاک های مختلف</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>توفیقی</surname>
			            <given-names>حسن</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>شیرمردی</surname>
			            <given-names>مصطفی</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>739</fpage>
			      <lpage>748</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>10</day>
			          <month>02</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>29</day>
			          <month>06</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56797.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56797.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>در این بررسی آثار کربنات کلسیم و pH بر سینتیک تثبیت فسفر در چهار خاک غیرآهکی تیمار‌شده با سطوح متفاوت کربنات کلسیم خالص، همچنین، در شش خاک تنظیم‌شده با pH 5 تا 9 مطالعه شد. خاک‌ها قبل از آزمایش با K2HPO4 به میزان mgP/kg45 تیمار شد. سپس، در اینکوبیتور به مدت صد روز در دمای C○25 نگهداری شد. در زمان‌های مشخص از خاک‌ها نمونه‌گیری و غلظت فسفر در آن‌ها به روش Olsen اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که واکنش فسفر با خاک‌‌ها دو فازی و متشکل از دسته‌ای از واکنش‌های سریع و دسته‌ای از واکنش‌های کند است. سرعت کاهش فسفر قابل‌استفاده (Olsen-P) در طول روز اول خیلی سریع، سپس تا پنجاه روز به تدریج کاهش یافت. بعد از آن در بسیاری از خاک‌ها به سمت صفر میل کرد. به‌علاوه، با افزایش درصد کربنات کلسیم در خاک‌ها، میانگین بازیابی فسفر به طور معناداری (در سطح 5 درصد) افزایش یافت. اما این اثر در همة خاک‌ها یکسان نبود، به‌طوری که در یک خاک افزایش درصد کربنات کلسیم تا 35 درصد هیچ تأثیری بر بازیابی فسفر نداشت. اثر pH بر قابلیت استفادة فسفر از روند معینی پیروی نکرد. در بعضی خاک‌ها افزایش pH از 2/5 به 8/8 اثر معناداری بر قابلیت استفادة فسفر نداشت، در حالی‌که در خاک‌های دیگر میزان Olsen-P در pHهای بالا به‌طور معناداری کمتر یا به‌عکس، بیشر از pH پایین بود. این آثار متفاوت pH در خاک‌ها را می‌توان به این صورت توضیح داد که تغییر pH در خاک باعث تغییر هم‌زمان چند عامل مرتبط با قابلیت استفاده از فسفر شامل حلالیت کانی‌های فسفر، ویژگی‌های باری سطوح جامد خاک، گونه‌گونه‌شدن فسفر محلول و تغییر نسبت غلظت یا فعالیت این گونه‌های فسفر و سرعت معدنی‌شدن فسفر آلی در خاک می‌شود. اثر خالص این تغییرات با تغییر pH در خاک‌های مختلف متفاوت است.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>اولسن</kwd>
						<kwd>بازیابی</kwd>
						<kwd>فسفر قابل‌استفاده</kwd>
						<kwd>کربنات کلسیم معادل</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56798</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56798_5281c716fcc43154be93c4fddfde2b5d.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>حاصلخیزی خاک و تغذیه گیاه</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>بررسی تأثیر کمپوست زبالۀ شهری و باکتری‎های تجزیه‎کنندۀ هیدروکربن‎های نفتی بر جذب عناصر غذایی در نهال سپستان (Cordia myxa L.)در خاک آلوده به نفت خام</article-title>
			        
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>ولی زاده راد</surname>
			            <given-names>کیوان</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>متشرع زاده</surname>
			            <given-names>بابک</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار گروه مهندسی علوم خاک دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>علیخانی</surname>
			            <given-names>حسینعلی</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استاد گروه مهندسی علوم خاک دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c4">
			          <name>
			            <surname>خزایی</surname>
			            <given-names>مهدی</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>کارشناس شرکت بهره برداری نفت و گاز مارون</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>749</fpage>
			      <lpage>758</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>19</day>
			          <month>04</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>14</day>
			          <month>07</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56798.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56798.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>استخراج و پالایش سوخت‎های فسیلی، سبب آلودگی منابع خاک و از دسترس خارج‌شدن قسمت عظیمی از اراضی شده است. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف مادة آلی و باکتری‎های تجزیه‎کنندة هیدروکربن‎ها بر میزان عناصر غذایی نهال سپستان صورت پذیرفت. تیمارها شامل نفت خام (0، 3 و 6 درصد وزنی)، کمپوست زبالة شهری (0، 5 و 10 درصد حجمی) و باکتری (بدون باکتری و دارای باکتری psu141 و psu27ps) بود. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین غلظت عناصر غذایی نیتروژن در شاخساره، فسفر، پتاسیم، منگنز، آهن و روی در شاخساره و ریشه به ترتیب 69/3، 22/0، 15/0، 82/1، 52/1 درصد و 91/94، 66/123، 15/110، 01/1068، 44/32 و 67/79 میلی‎گرم بر کیلوگرم، در سطح 10 درصد کمپوست و در حضور باکتری بود. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، حضور عوامل زیستی سبب افزایش جذب عناصر غذایی و بهبود وضعیت تغذیه‎ای گیاه سپستان در شرایط تنش آلودگی نفتی شد.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>آلودگی خاک</kwd>
						<kwd>پالایش</kwd>
						<kwd>عوامل زیستی</kwd>
						<kwd>محرک رشد</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
<back>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56799</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56799_3b2cfa87369e8421d18a34af3d202e9e.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>فرسایش و حفاظت خاک</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>اثر تعداد چرخه های تر و خشک شدن بر پایداری ساختمان، توزیع اندازۀ ذرات و سیستم منافذ خاک</article-title>
			        <subtitle>اثر تعداد چرخه های تر و خشک شدن بر پایداری ساختمان، توزیع اندازۀ ذرات و سیستم منافذ خاک</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>صفادوست</surname>
			            <given-names>آزاده</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>759</fpage>
			      <lpage>767</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>03</day>
			          <month>01</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>28</day>
			          <month>07</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56799.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56799.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>چرخه‌های تر و خشک‌شدن از فرایندهای مهم محیطی است که معمولاً از سازوکارهای تغییر سیستم منافذ خاک به‌شمار می‌روند. همچنین، رس و مادة آلی از ویژگی‌های ذاتی خاک است که در خصوصیات ساختمان خاک اهمیت دارد. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی رابطة بین تعداد چرخه‌های تر و خشک‌شدن، میزان رس و مواد آلی خاک با پایداری ساختمان، توزیع اندازة ذرات و سیستم منافذ خاک بود. برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیکی نمونه‌های خاک پس از یک، سه و پنج چرخة تر و خشک‌شدن تعیین شد. سپس، با پایداری خاکدانه‌های خاک اولیه (خاک بدون تر و خشک‌شدن) مقایسه شد. نتایج نشان داد که بهبود و توسعة خاکدانه‌سازی و پایداری ساختمان خاک برای خاک‌های رسی به‌ویژه خاک رسی که مادة آلی بیشتری داشت، بیشتر بود. یک و سه چرخة تر و خشک شدن تنها در دو نمونه خاک رسی سبب افزایش بیشتر خاکدانه‌سازی نسبت به نمونه‌های خاک دارای رس کمتر شد؛ ولی با افزایش تعداد چرخه‌های تر و خشک‌شدن (پنج چرخه)، پایداری خاکدانه‌ها کاهش یافت. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد که تشکیل خاکدانه‌های بزرگ غالباً به ویژگی‌های بافت خاک بستگی دارد تا به میزان مادة آلی خاک؛ و اثر مواد آلی خاک هنگامی که با میزان بالای رس خاک همراه باشد، مؤثر است. همچنین، تراکم ایجادشده در حین نمونه‌برداری طی چرخه‌های تر و خشک‌شدن تعدیل می‌شود و تناوب این چرخه‌ها سازوکار مهمی در بهبود ساختمان خاک است.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>تراکم</kwd>
						<kwd>خاکدانه‌سازی</kwd>
						<kwd>نمونه‌برداری</kwd>
						<kwd>ویژگی‌های ذاتی</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
<back>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56800</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56800_4561215633b9c09338880a4fc4d88aed.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>فرسایش و حفاظت خاک</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>اثر فرسایش شخم بر میزان جابجایی و توان تولید خاک (مطالعۀ موردی: توتکابن در استان گیلان)</article-title>
			        <subtitle>اثر فرسایش شخم بر میزان جابجایی و توان تولید خاک (مطالعۀ موردی: توتکابن در استان گیلان)</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>سیدالعلما</surname>
			            <given-names>سیده نساء</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>کارشناس‌ارشد علوم خاک، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>اسدی</surname>
			            <given-names>حسین</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>زواره</surname>
			            <given-names>محسن</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار گروه زراعت، دانشکدة علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>769</fpage>
			      <lpage>780</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>11</day>
			          <month>02</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>08</day>
			          <month>08</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56800.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56800.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>در تحقیق حاضر که در بخشی از اراضی دیم‌کاری در جنوب استان گیلان صورت گرفت، تأثیر فرسایش ناشی از شخم بر جابه‌جایی و توان تولید خاک بررسی شد. به این منظور هجده نقطة نمونه‌برداری در موقعیت‌های مختلف زمین بر مبنای همجواری با مرز زمینی ایجادشده در هفت قطعه زمین مجاور هم در نظر گرفته شد. ویژگی‌های حاصلخیزی خاک در عمق 0 تا 30 سانتی‌متری، همچنین اجزای عملکرد گندم در هر نقطة نمونه‌برداری تعیین شد. آنالیز داده‌ها با تجزیة خوشه‌ای به روش ward، خاک را با توجه به مقدار نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم و کربن آلی و توان تولید را بر مبنای ویژگی‌های تعداد سنبله، وزن هزاردانه، تعداد دانه در سنبله و عملکرد دانه در سه گروه تقسیم‌ کرد. بین مناطق گروه‌بندی‌شده از نظر حاصلخیزی با گروه‌های عملکرد ارتباط معناداری وجود نداشت که به نظر می‌رسد به دلیل تفاوت در مدیریت زراعی زمین‌های مجاور مورد بررسی باشد. نتایج نشان داد اختلاف ارتفاع ایجادشده بین قطعات در جهت شیب بین 1 تا 2/3 متر و در جهت جانبی بین 1 تا 3/1 متر است. همچنین، حجم خاک جابه‌جاشده در این دو جهت به ترتیب بین 8 تا 36 و 5 تا 22 تن در هکتار در سال برآورد شد.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>پشتة خاکی</kwd>
						<kwd>جابه‌جایی خاک</kwd>
						<kwd>شخم طولانی‌مدت</kwd>
						<kwd>فرسایش مکانیکی</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56801</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56801_c0336346ac1760d2e6560cb950c0482f.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>حاصلخیزی خاک و تغذیه گیاه</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>تأثیر اسید سیتریک بر ویژگی های جذب روی در دو خاک آهکی</article-title>
			        <subtitle>تأثیر اسید سیتریک بر ویژگی های جذب روی در دو خاک آهکی</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>پیری</surname>
			            <given-names>مرضیه</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی دکتری علوم خاک دانشگاه ارومیه</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>سپهر</surname>
			            <given-names>ابراهیم</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>781</fpage>
			      <lpage>790</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>13</day>
			          <month>02</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>05</day>
			          <month>09</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56801.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56801.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>روی یکی از عناصر ریزمغذی ضروری برای گیاهان، حیوانات و انسان‌هاست. قابلیت دسترسی روی برای ریشة گیاه، از طریق واکنش‌های جذب کنترل می‌شود. برای بررسی تأثیر اسید سیتریک بر رفتار جذب روی، آزمایشی به صورت بچ (Batch) روی دو نوع خاک (S1 و S2) با درصدهای رس و کربنات کلسیم مختلف با سه سطح اسید سیتریک (0، 5/0، 1 میلی‌مولار) و 12 سری غلظتی روی (0 تا450 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) در محلول زمینة 05/0 مولار NaCl انجام شد. داده‌های جذب با مدل‌های لانگمویر (95/0-76/0=R2)، فروندلیچ (95/0-83/0=R2)، تمکین (92/0-62/0=R2)، دوبینین- رادشکویچ (92/0–44/0=R2) و ایلوویچ (90/0–54/0=R2) برازش داده شد. نتایج نشان داد پارامترهای جذب شامل حداکثر جذب تک‌لایه‌ای لانگمویر (qmax)، انرژی جذب لانگمویر (KL) و فاکتورهای ظرفیت و شدت جذب فروندلیچ (Kf و n)، ضرایب تمکین (A، KT) و حداکثر ظرفیت جذب دوبینین- رادشکویچ (qm) با افزودن اسید سیتریک کاهش یافت. مقادیر پارامترهای جذب در خاک S1 (با مقادیر رس و کربنات کلسیم پایین) کمتر از خاک S2 (با مقادیر رس و کربنات کلسیم بالا) به‌دست آمد. متوسط انرژی جذب محاسبه‌شده از طریق معادلة دوبینین- رادشکویچ و پارامتر انرژی آزاد گیبس (Gr∆) نشان‌دهندة سازوکار جذب فیزیکی و خودبه‌خودی روی است. می‌توان نتیجه گرفت اسید سیتریک احتمالاً با تشکیل کمپلکس‌های محلول با روی موجب کاهش جذب توسط ذرات خاک و افزایش روی محلول خاک می‌شود. بنابراین، اصلاح گیاهان برای ترشح بیشتر اسید سیتریک در افزایش جذب روی در گیاهان مؤثر است.  </p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>اسید آلی با وزن مولکولی کم</kwd>
						<kwd>اسید سیتریک</kwd>
						<kwd>جذب</kwd>
						<kwd>روی</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56802</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56802_058ed55a7e478bfb7e4b8ef095c9025a.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>حاصلخیزی خاک و تغذیه گیاه</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>ارزیابی تغییرات جذب عناصر معدنی در گیاه دارویی بالنگوی شهری (Lallemantia iberica) تحت تاثیر مقادیر مختلف مس و روی</article-title>
			        <subtitle>ارزیابی تغییرات جذب عناصر معدنی در گیاه دارویی بالنگوی شهری (Lallemantia iberica) تحت تاثیر مقادیر مختلف مس و روی</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>عسگری لجایر</surname>
			            <given-names>حمایت</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>کارشناس‌ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشگاه تهران و دانشجوی دکتری گروه مهندسی علوم خاک دانشگاه تبریز</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2">
			          <name>
			            <surname>ثواقبی فیروزآبادی</surname>
			            <given-names>غلامرضا</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استاد فقید، و دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>متشرع زاده</surname>
			            <given-names>بابک</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استاد فقید، و دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c4">
			          <name>
			            <surname>هادیان</surname>
			            <given-names>جواد</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>791</fpage>
			      <lpage>799</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>09</day>
			          <month>09</month>
			          <year>2014</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>18</day>
			          <month>08</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56802.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56802.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>روی و مس از عناصر غذایی ضروری کم‌مصرف گیاه و در غلظت‌های زیاد، عاملی تنش‌زا برای گیاهان و محدودکنندة رشد و جذب سایر عناصر غذایی‌ به‌شمار می‌روند. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی جذب عناصر کم‌مصرف (مس، روی، آهن و منگنز) و پرمصرف (فسفر و پتاسیم) در گیاه دارویی بالنگوی شهری در خاک دچار کمبود، کفایت و بیش‌بود عناصر مس و روی است. تیمارها شامل سه سطح مس (صفر، 5 و 25 میلی‌گرم مس در کیلوگرم از منبع سولفات مس) و سه سطح روی (صفر، 10 و 50 میلی‌گرم روی در کیلوگرم خاک از منبع سولفات روی) به همراه ترکیبی از تمام سطوح فوق (در مجموع 9 تیمار) بود. نتایج نشان داد که تمام تیمارهای اعمال‌شده موجب اثر مثبت بر جذب مس و روی ریشه شد؛ اما در اندام هوایی، مس و روی در غلظت‌های پایین (به ترتیب 5 و 10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک) و بالا (به ترتیب 25 و 50 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک) به ترتیب اثر مثبت و منفی بر جذب همدیگر داشتند. اثر منفی سطوح بالای روی بر جذب مس اندام هوایی بیش از سطوح بالای مس بر جذب روی اندام‌ هوایی بود. میزان جذب پتاسیم ریشه و اندام‌ هوایی نیز به غیر از سطوح بالای مس و تیمارهای ترکیبی روی با سطوح بالای مس افزایش داشت. این نتایج هشداری سودمند در استفادة کنترل‌شده از مس و روی در کشت‌وکار گیاه دارویی بالنگوی شهری است.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>بالنگوی شهری</kwd>
						<kwd>تنش</kwd>
						<kwd>جذب</kwd>
						<kwd>گیاه دارویی</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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</article>
<article article-type="مقاله پژوهشی" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
			  <front>
			    <journal-meta>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">Iran J Soil Water Res</journal-id>
			      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">University of Tehran</journal-id>
			    	<journal-title-group>
				      <journal-title>تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران</journal-title>
			    	</journal-title-group>
			      <issn pub-type="ppub">2008-479X</issn>
			      <publisher>
			        <publisher-name>University of Tehran</publisher-name>
			      </publisher>
			    </journal-meta>
			    <article-meta>
 			      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99</article-id>
			      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22059/ijswr.2015.56804</article-id>		
			      <ext-link xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56804_1f7018762ac06bec0c11288bb832477f.pdf"/>		
			      <article-categories>
			        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					          		<subject>حاصلخیزی خاک و تغذیه گیاه</subject>
			        	</subj-group>
			      </article-categories>
			      <title-group>
			        <article-title>برخی آثار کمپوست قارچ مصرفی و بیوچار باگاس بر فعالیت فسفاتاز قلیایی و فراهمی فسفر در چند خاک آهکی</article-title>
			        <subtitle>برخی آثار کمپوست قارچ مصرفی و بیوچار باگاس بر فعالیت فسفاتاز قلیایی و فراهمی فسفر در چند خاک آهکی</subtitle>
			      </title-group>
			      
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c1">
			          <name>
			            <surname>فتحی گردلیدانی</surname>
			            <given-names>ارژنگ</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c2" corresp="yes">
			          <name>
			            <surname>میر سید حسینی</surname>
			            <given-names>حسین</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			       <contrib-group>
			       <contrib contrib-type="author" id="c3">
			          <name>
			            <surname>فرحبخش</surname>
			            <given-names>محسن</given-names>
			          </name>
					  <aff>استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکدة مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران</aff>
			        </contrib>
			       </contrib-group>
			      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
			        <day>22</day>
			        <month>12</month>
			        <year>2015</year>
			      </pub-date>
			      <volume>46</volume>
			      <issue>4</issue>
			      <fpage>801</fpage>
			      <lpage>812</lpage>
			      <history>
			        <date date-type="received">
			          <day>11</day>
			          <month>04</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			        <date date-type="accepted">
			          <day>25</day>
			          <month>05</month>
			          <year>2015</year>
			        </date>
			      </history>
			      <permissions>
			      	<copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2015, University of Tehran. </copyright-statement>	
			        <copyright-year>2015</copyright-year>
			      </permissions>
			       <self-uri xlink:href="https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56804.html">https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_56804.html</self-uri> 		
			      <abstract>
			        <p>کمبود فسفر یکی از مشکلات اصلی کشاورزی در خاک‌های آهکی است. به منظور بررسی اثر کمپوست قارچ مصرفی (SMC) و بیوچار باگاس نیشکر (B) بر فعالیت آنزیم فسفاتاز قلیایی و فراهمی فسفر در سه خاک لوم، لوم‌ رسی و لوم شنی مطالعة انکوبه‌کردن انجام‌ گرفت. تیمارها شامل سطوح بیوچار B1 و B2 (15و30 تن در هکتار)، سطوح کمپوست SMC1، SMC2 (20و40 تن در هکتار) و شاهد (C) بود. بعد از اعمال تیمارها در زمان‌های 14 (T1)، 60 (T2) و 120 (T3) روز فسفر قابل‌جذب و pH و در زمان T3 فعالیت فسفاتاز قلیایی اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد SMC در هرسه خاک سبب افزایش فعالیت فسفاتاز در خاک می‌شود، ولی بیوچار در خاک لوم شنی بی‌تأثیر بود. میانگین فعالیت فسفاتاز تیمار شاهد در سه بافت لوم شنی، لوم و لوم رسی به ترتیب 2090، 2931 و 2888 µg PNP.g-1Soil. h-1بود که برای تیمار SMC2 به ترتیب به 3034، 3709 و 3533 µg PNP.g-1Soil. h-1افزایش پیدا کرد. همچنین، هر دو سطح SMC سبب افزایش فراهمی فسفر شد، در حالی که مصرف بیوچار اثر کمتری داشت. SMC2 بهترین اثر را در افزایش فراهمی فسفر داشت، به طوری که میانگین فسفر قابل‌جذب در سه بافت لوم شنی، لوم و لوم رسی به ترتیب از 4/19، 8/8 و 9/3 mg.Kg-1در تیمار شاهد به 37، 28 و 22 mg.Kg-1در تیمار SMC2 افزایش یافت. کمپوست قارچ pH خاک‌ها را کاهش و بیوچار را افزایش داد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد SMC در خاک‌های آهکی مورد آزمایش، سبب افزایش فراهمی فسفر و بهبود سایر خصوصیات از جمله pH شده است.</p>
			      </abstract>
					<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
						<kwd>بیوچار</kwd>
						<kwd>فراهمی فسفر</kwd>
						<kwd>فسفاتاز قلیایی</kwd>
						<kwd>کمپوست قارچ</kwd>
					</kwd-group>
			    </article-meta>
			  </front>
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