First Pages
text
article
2015
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Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
1
4
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54610_6c6883b1d6a85f171ed00aa6c22ddc61.pdf
Investigation of Alternate Irrigation Strategies Using Saline and Non-saline Water on
Yield and Water Productivity of Grain Maize in Drip Irrigation
AliReza
Kiani
Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Golestan Province
author
Afshin
Mosavat
Faculty Member of Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Golestan Province, Gorgan
author
text
article
2015
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A field experiment was conducted using a completely randomized block design, in threereplications with seven treatments in three replications for two successive growingseasons of corn crop. Treatments were comprised of: T1 and T2 (50% of T1): full anddeficit irrigation with non-saline water, respectively; T3 and T4: variable and fixed fullirrigation with saline-non saline water in every other row, respectively; T5 and T6: fixedand variable deficit irrigation with non-saline water in every other row, respectively andT7: full irrigation with saline water. Irrigation water salinity for non-saline vs. salinetreatments were 8 and 1.5 dS/m, respectively. The results showed that instead of deficitirrigation with non saline water using alternate furrow irrigation, if not irrigated furrowsare irrigated with saline water, are more effective when they are compared with deficitirrigation. In deficit irrigation treatments 29 and 36 % and in T3 and T4 about 50 % offresh water was saved in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The quantitative comparison haveshown a significant reduction in maize yield by 22% with deficit irrigation scenarios (T2,T5 & T6) when compared with salinity treatments (T3 & T4). In terms of water useefficiency, the results indicate that if fresh and saline water are of the same worth, deficitirrigation treatments have the highest water productivity and not significantly differentfrom T1 treatment. However, water use efficiency is assessed as on the basis of freshwater, treatments T3 and T4 are of higher water use efficiency than the others and,therefore the criteria above have been selected as the preferred option. However, wateruse efficiency is evaluated as on the basis of fresh water, the efficiencies of water use intreatments T3 and T4 are higher than those in the others and therefore, they will beselected as the most acceptable options.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
1
10
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54290_257ae6fa27355e55346798cf35e45cd0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54290
Evaluation of Corn Forage Yield and Yield Components under Alternate Furrow
Irrigation
Mitra
Samsamipoor
Former Graduate Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol
author
Peiman
Afrasiab
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol
author
Mohammad Reza
Emdad
Assistant Professor and Staff Member, Soil and Water Research Institute
author
Masoumeh
Delbari
Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Research Center
author
Fateme
Karandish
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol
author
text
article
2015
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Different deficit irrigation management scenarios as alternate furrow irrigation withregard to sensitive growth stages of corn were assessed in terms of the effects on yieldand yield components. The research was performed as a randomized full block designwith six treatments and three replications. The treatments were comprised of: full furrowirrigation within whole growing season, alternate furrow irrigation in whole growingseason, full irrigation at the establishment stage and alternate irrigation at the other stages,full irrigation at flowering stage while alternate irrigation at the other stages, fullirrigation at establishment and flowering stage accompanied by alternate irrigation at theother stages, full irrigation at flowering and ripening stages and alternate irrigation inother stages. Overall, the effect of deficit irrigation on yield and yield components wasstatistically significant (p<0.01). Full irrigation in the whole growing season led to thehighest wet forage yield (67022 kg/ha) and while alternate furrow irrigation in the wholegrowing season, the lowest wet forage yield (50064 kg/ha). The most desirable treatmentwas recorded as: full irrigation at the flowering stage and alternate irrigation in the otherstages. With this treatment, the reduction in wet and dry forage yields, leaves wet and dryweights as well as stem wet and dry weights in comparison with control were about 8 to14 %. This is quiet acceptable as it saves 39% irrigation water. The highest irrigationwater use efficiency (1.88 kg/m3) was achieved through full irrigation at flowering stagewith alternate irrigation of the other stages.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
11
18
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54291_e6edf8e80504d987bb965e6cda221bcf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54291
Introduction and Assessment of a New Drought Monitoring Index, MRDI (Case Study: Gorganroud Basin, Iran)
Hossein
Dehban
MSc Student of Water Resources Engineering, University of Tehran
author
Kumars
Ebrahimi
Associate Professor, Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department, University of Tehran
author
Shahab
Araghinejad
Assistant Professor, Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department, University of Tehran
author
text
article
2015
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In order to avoid drought effects, it is essential to detect and monitor the spatial andtemporal changes of the phenomenon. In General, drought indices are made use of toachieve the goals. The main aim followed in this paper is to introduce and assess a newdrought index termed MRDI. MRDI (Modified Reconnaissance Drought Index) is thencompared with Modified Standardized Precipitation Index (MSPI), as based on theStandardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI),involving a well-known statistical technique named Principal Component Analysis(PCA). Gorganroud basin, Iran, is taken as a Case Study. According to the obtainedresults, the new MRDI and also MSPI multivariate indices have shown to be of moreaccurate results and are also easier to use than the SPI and RDI univariant indices. Acomparison of MRDI and MSPI results, as based upon the non-parametric Kolmogorov–Smirnov test in Gorganroud basin, has revealed that, there is no significant differencebetween them with their behavior similar in more than 90% of the cases. An evaluationand verification of the results of the study needs to be repeated in other representativebasins.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
19
30
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54292_6460211377aba00d73e3a76d1912977c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54292
Investigation of Hydraulical and Chemical Behavior of Dual Drain Envelopes (Organic and Synthetic) in Paddy Conditions with Two Different Water Qualities
Ehsan
Ghane
MSC Student, Water Engineering Department, Agricultural Sciences Faculty, University of Guilan
author
Maryam
Navabian
Assistant Professor, Water Engineering Department, Agricultural Sciences Faculty, University
of Guilan
author
Mehdi
Esmaeili Varaki
Assistant Professor, Water Engineering Department, Agricultural Sciences Faculty, University
of Guilan
author
Amir
Malekpor Estalki
Assistant Professor, Water Engineering Department, Agricultural Sciences Faculty, University
of Guilan
author
text
article
2015
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Drain envelopes play significant roles in the performance of drainage systems due to theirreduction in letting sediments into the drainpipes and also because of an increase in thehydraulic conductivity of soil around the drainpipes. Throughout the present research, theeffect of a one 1000 hour flow on dual envelopes consisting of geotextile as a means ofimproving the hydraulic gradient and rice husk as bio-sorbent, on the hydraulic andchemical trends under paddy field conditions, with no rice crop, was considered. Towardsthis end, a drainpipe covered with two different thicknesses of geotextile at a depth of 40cm was installed on a physical model. Then the drain pipe was filled, using a 5 cmthickness of rice husk. A thousand hour flow test, under two different water qualities of0.7 and 1.9 dS/m was carried out, and while flow of drainage, EC, sodium absorptionratio and pH of drained water being assessed. Results showed that the reduction of flowrate of treatments of rice husk & thin geotextile with saline water (RNs), rice husk & thingeotextile with water of ordinary quality (RN), rice husk & thick geotextile with ordinarywater quality (RV), as well as rice husk & thick geotextile with saline water (RVs) were44, 94, 21 and 75 percent, respectively. But, in total, RN and RNs treatments presentedthe maximum and minimum cloggings, respectively. Thickness of geotextiles affected theflow rate and chemical trends, while the performance of rice husk, for all treatments, andin saline conditions wasn’t appreciable.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
31
39
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54293_92b6135666a93a868449edc368fb994b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54293
Application of Variable- Speed Pumps in Design and Operation of on- Demand Irrigation Systems
Morteza
Delfan Azari
Former M.Sc. Student, Irrigation Structures, University of Tehran
author
Atefeh
Parvaresh Rizi
Assistant Professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation, University of Tehran
author
text
article
2015
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In most irrigation systems in our country, the pumping stations are equipped with fixedspeed pumps. These pumps in addition to causing water waste, demand extra energy.Providing a method for adjusting the pumps to function according to obligations ofoperation can improve efficiency of water distribution as well as energy efficiency. Oneof the choices toward this aim, is to employ the variable speed pumps which adjust withthe variable demand of system. In this study, by coding in MATLAB software, design ofpumping stations equipped with variable- speed pumps was done for a drip irrigationsystem. Then with regard to variable demand of discharge and pressure during irrigationseason, the designed system was evaluated and compared with some ordinary operationmethods based on constant speed pumps. The results show that the performance ofvariable- speed pumps to supply the pressure head and discharge is largely definitelyacceptable; while water losses in ordinary pumping stations, depending on the type ofstation, amount to from 16 to 36 percent.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
41
48
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54294_0c1948a5fcf9a121ccb4f19380383391.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54294
Lysimeter study of Fecal Coliform Transport in Treated Wastewater under Drip Irrigation
Foroogh
Abbasi Tashnizi
Former Graduate Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University
author
Fariborz
Abbasi
Associae Professor,Agricultural Engineering and Techology Institute
author
Mahdi
Koochakzadeh
Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares
author
text
article
2015
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Shortage of fresh water resources is a major worldly concern. Accessibility of water forirrigation purposes is also one of the most important concerns in arid and semiaridregions. This is why treated domestic wastewater is thought of as an important watersource. Even following treatment, wastewater may contain a great many kinds ofmicroorganisms hazardous to humans and environment. Therefore the potentialtransmission of pollution is a principle problem associated with the use of treatedwastewater in agriculture. Various irrigation techniques can be employed, associated withtreated wastewater used in agriculture. Accordingly, the present study was conducted onFecal Coliform in the wastewater treatment in some laboratory columns of 30 cmdiameter and 60 cm height irrigated, using surface Drip Irrigation (DI) vs SubsurfaceDrip Irrigation system (SDI). Samples of the effluent and soil solutions were collectedfrom each column after each irrigation event. Results revealed that crowds of bacteriarose in either column. There were no significant differences observed between crowds ofbacteria in the effluents of columns in the two irrigation systems. It was also observedthat contamination in the 15 cm layer, in SDI was lower than that in the DI column.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
49
58
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54295_4408125ae779ebf1d1b482e330f9da2f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54295
Laboratory Study of Vertical and Inclined Sheet Pile Effects on Seepage Control and Sand Boiling Phenomenon through Alluvial Foundation of Hydraulic Structures
Mehdi
Yousefi
M.A. student in Geotechnics, Yasuj University, Yasuj
author
Mohammad
Sedghi Asl
Assistant Professor of Soil Science, Agricultural College, Yasouj University; Yasouj
author
Mansoor
Parvizi
Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yasouj University; Yasouj
author
text
article
2015
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So far, for an analysis of seepage under hydraulic structures much research has beenconducted in the form of numerical models. However, few field and laboratory workshave been performed to study the boiling phenomena for evaluating numerical models.Throughout the present work, a laboratory model was built to simulate seepage and itscontrolling measures under sheet piles. The model consisted of a 2.2 m long, 0.8 m deepand 0.4 m wide flume, in which vertical sheet piles were provided by Perspex sheets. Theflume was made up of a steel frame, Perspex as well as thick glass sheets. The effect ofposition and depth of the sheet pile on the seepage flow, exit gradient and uplift pressurehave been demonstrated in the form of dimensionless curves. The results indicate that theratios d/D=0.44 and d/D=0.34 with a maximum upstream water level of h/hm=1.0 formthe best possible depths, for both vertical and inclined sheet piles in the depth of thefoundation sheet pile. In other words, inclined sheet piles are much more effective inreducing and controlling seepage, uplift pressure and hydraulic gradient than the verticalones.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
59
70
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54296_e15b40cfa21b9aac285e5291e79cd96a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54296
Effect of Pore Water Quality on the Mechanical Behavior of an Expansive Soil during Wetting and Drying Cycles
Amin
Soltani
M.Sc. Student, Irrigation and Reclamation Eng. Dept., University of Tehran
author
Ali
Raeesi Estabragh
Associate Prof., Irrigation and Reclamation Eng. Dept., University of Tehran
author
Jamal
Abdollahi
Instructor, Irrigation and Reclamation Eng. Dept., University of Tehran
author
text
article
2015
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Expansive soils are considered a worldwide problem as they cause extensive damage tocivil engineering structures. An important characteristic of expansive soils is theirsusceptibility to volume change due to the phenomenon of wetting and drying. This paperpresets the effect of pore water quality on the swelling and shrinkage behavior of anexpansive soil during wetting and drying cycles. Thirty three soil samples were preparedthrough static compaction with various pore water qualities consisting of distilled water,sodium chloride (50g/lit) and calcium chloride (250gr/lit). Wetting and drying cycleswere conducted on samples in a modified odometer apparatus under the surchargepressure of 10 kPa using distilled water as the reservoir fluid during the process ofwetting. Results indicated that samples prepared with calcium chloride show moreswelling potential as compared with distilled water and sodium chloride. Furthermore,swelling and shrinkage potential, specific volume and dry unit weight for soil samplesreach equilibrium after 5 cycles for distilled water and sodium chloride and while 3cycles for calcium chloride.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
71
79
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54297_00fd957bec450cdbed6238e99f5b55f8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54297
Effect of Zayandehrood River Dry Becoming on Najafabad Aquifer Oscillations During Past Two Decades
َAli
Kolahdoozan
Former Graduated Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz
author
Yaghoub
Dinpajooh
Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz
author
Rasoul
Mirabbasi Najafabadi
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahre-Kord
author
Esmaeil
Asadi
Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz
author
Sabere
Darbandi
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz
author
text
article
2015
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A study of changes in groundwater resources of Najafabad plain is an important issue asregards water resources management, especially after dry becoming of ZayandehroodRiver. In the present study trend analysis was conducted on groundwater level of 33piezometeric stations, located in Najafabad plain during 1374-1391 while using Mann-Kendall non-parametric test. The slope of trend line was estimated through Sen’sestimator method for each time series. Homogeneity of trends was tested using Van Belleand Hughes method. Results indicated that trends of groundwater level for all the stations(except stations located out of drainage and irrigation networks) were significantlynegative. Significantly negative trends (P<0.1) were exhibited for above 52 percent ofstations. Results of trend line slopes revealed that on the average, groundwater level ofNajafabad plain declined for about 32 cm/year. The strongest decline belonged to Kahrizsang-jadid Station, which declined for about 5.92 m/year. Results of homogeneity of thetrends indicated that trends were homogeneous for monthly periods, but heterogeneousfor stations. Results of trend maps showed that a maximum level of groundwater changesoccurred on drainage and irrigation network sites. The isopiz maps showed that somestations located on the drainage and irrigation network range sites had declined for about50 to 100 meters in the recent 17-years. The results of MK4 method (significant at 1%level) were chosen for Pettitt Test. Pettitt Test was done on data series which showed thatduring 1999-2002 and year 2007 a maximum downward jump occurred in Najafabadgroundwater level series and knowing that in these years Zayandehrood river had be driedfor political reasons. Diagram of Pettitt Test was plotted with the mean before jump andthat after jump as specified on the diagram. The diagram revealed that the differencebetween mean before vs. after jump of the groundwater level series, was 50-100 meters,indicating the phenomenon as being a disaster for Najafabad plain.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
81
93
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54298_9548c3804437c1dd3c125e34df725ffd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54298
Estimation and Analysis of Soil Hydraulic Properties Using Beerkan Infiltration Experiment
Sayed Ali
Moussavi
Lecturer, Department of Water Engineering, University of Guilan, Iran
author
Mohammad Reza
Khaledian
Assistant Profeser, Department of Water Engineering, University of Guilan, Iran
author
Hossein
Asadi
Associate Profeser, Department of Soil Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
author
Mohammad
Aligoli
Former MSc Student, Department of Soil Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
author
Mahdi
Norouzi
Former MSc Student, Department of Soil Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
author
text
article
2015
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A Study of water and contaminants transport in the vadose zone demands for adetermination of soil hydraulic properties. The current study aimed at estimating andanalysing the soil hydraulic parameters through an inexpensive experiment of Beerkanwithin six sample points of various soil textural classes, in Asalem region, Guilan (Iran).Shape and scale parameters of the hydraulic characteristic curves were estimated fromparticle size distribution analysis and infiltration experiment respectively. Four fittingmethods were employed and copmaired including BEST-slope (B/s), BEST-intercept(B/i), Derivative Linearization (DL) and Cumulative Linearization (CL). Although scaleparameters were estimated through DL and CL methods easier than through B/s and B/imethods, but the estimated values did not come out to be valid in any of the experimentalpoint. On the other hand, B/s and B/i methods acted as complementary to each other andestimated accurate values for scale parameters of all the six experimental points. Theestimated values of sorptivity through B/s and B/i method were not significantlydifferent, but saturated hydraulic conductivity values estimated through B/i exceeded theB/s values. Also a comparison of these two methods through relative error showed thatB/s is more accurate than B/i. It seems that B/i method leads to an overestimation of thesaturated hydraulic conductivity. It is recommended therefore to make use of B/s methodfor estimating soil hydraulic properties.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
95
107
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54299_66359a32d11dd691d7cd403107c0000c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54299
Effects of Water Quality on Trend of Desodification of Heavy Soils by Continuous Leaching
Majid
Sharifipour
PhD Candidate, Department of Irrigation and drainage, Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz
author
Abd Ali
Naseri
Professor, Department of Irrigation and drainage, Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, Iran
author
Abd al-Rahim
Hooshmand
Associate Professor, Department of Irrigation and drainage, Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz
author
Hadi
Moazed
Professor, Department of Irrigation and drainage, Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, Iran
author
Alireza
Hassanoghli
Scientific Staff Member, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Karaj, Iran
author
text
article
2015
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Huge amounts of drainage water are disposed from operating irrigation and drainagenetworks in Khuzestan, SW Iran, that need to be managed and/or reused. One of the lowrisk methods of reusing drainage water is to reuse it in land reclamation. To investigatethe effects of water quality on desodification of clay soils of this area, leachingexperiments were done in 1.5×1.5 meter plots in “Salman Farsi” sugarcane agro industry,South Khuzestan. Leaching with three different water qualities; 2.61 dS/m (fresh waterfrom Karun River), 6.0 and 9.0 dS/m (a mixture of agro industry drainage water andKarun River water) in three treatments; T1, T2 and T3 respectively, and six replicationsad based on a completely randomized blocks design were experimented. Rate ofdesodification was decreased with increase in leaching water salinity. Using drainwaterwith salinity of 6.0 dS/m led to increasing dissolved Ca++ and Mg++ in soil followingleaching. The SAR, in 0-30 cm soil layer that was initially 84 (meq/lit)1/2, followingapplication of treatments T1, T2 and T3 decreased to 9, 10 and 18 (meq/lit)1/2respectively. So the sodicity problem was partly solved through leaching by drainagewater with salinity of 6.0 dS/m, excluding the need for use of fresh water. The soil pHwas not in the basic range either before or following leaching.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
109
119
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54300_7b617461952e0c95f0e49bb04098924d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54300
Runoff Generation in Kerosene and Gas Oil Contaminated Soils
Sima
Mohammadi
Ph.D. Student, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University
author
Mehdi
Homaee
Professor; Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University
author
Seyed Hamid Reza
Sadeghi
Professor, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University
author
text
article
2015
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A quantitative evaluation of the effects of contamination of soil with petroleum, on thesoil physical properties, is required for optimal soil and water resources management. Theobjective followed in the present study was to investigate runoff generation in soilscontaminated with Kerosene and Gas Oil. Towards this end, variables of runoffcommencement, runoff coefficient, variations in runoff duration time as well ascumulative runoff were determined for the contaminated soils. The experimentaltreatments consisted of two concenterations of Kerosene and Gas Oil.. The resultsindicated that Kerosene and Gas Oil contaminated soil plots significantly influenced thecommencement of runoff, so that, the runoff commencement for non-contaminated plotsoccurred 128 seconds later than that for the contaminated plots. However, different typesof petroleum of the same quantities did not significantly influence the runoffcommencement. In addition, a maximum runoff coefficient was obtained for higherconcentrations of contaminants. The results further indicated that the runoff coefficient incontaminated plots was about 3 to 3.5 times that of non-contaminated plots. Thecontaminated soil plots exerted a significant influence on an increasing of the cumulativerunoff in comparison with the non-contaminated plots.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
121
131
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54301_d8544855777d0867ebf1beb75f4a5227.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54301
Influence of pH and Ionic Strength on Cadmium Sorption by Some Biosorbents
Ebrahim
Sepehr
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia
author
Amir
Tosan
Former Graduate Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Urmia
author
text
article
2015
per
To study the effect of pH and ionic strength on the sorption behavior of cadmium bybiosorbents, a batch experiment was conducted with various initial concentrations of Cd2+(0 – 200 mg.L-1) with two biosorbents (sunflower stalks and apple pruning residues) intwo pH (4, 8) levels and two ionic strengths (0.1 and 0.03 M). Sorption data were fittedto Langmuir, Temkin and Freundlich Equations. Results showed that both pH and ionicstrength (IS) had significantly affected Cd sorption. Langmuir maximum mono layeradsorption (qmax) and binding energy value (KL) increased with increasing pH by twobiosorbents. Sorption coefficients of Freundlich (KF, n) and Temkin (KT , A) indicatedsimilar trends as well. But by increase in IS (from 0.03 to 0.1 M) all the sorptionparameters decreased significantly. As for the case of sunflower stalks; with increase inionic strength, qmax on the average, decreased from 8505 to 8150 mg/kg and KL from 0.14to 0.08 L/mg; and as for apple pruning residues, qmax decreased from 7550 to 7300 mg/kgand KL from 0.09 to 0.06 L/mg, respectively.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
133
140
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54302_03b02aa131b7abee00a191ec03e555ed.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54302
Experimental Assessment of Soil-cement Mechanical Behavior Incorporated with Organic Pollution
Mehdi
Khatibi
MSc student of Irrigation and Drainage, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Eng., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran
author
Ali
Raeesi Estabragh
Associate professor, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Eng., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran
author
Nader
Abbasi
Associate professor, Agricultural Engineering research Institute, P.O. Box 31585-845, Karaj, Iran
author
Jamal
Abdolahi Alibeyk
Lecturer, Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Eng., College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran
author
text
article
2015
per
Soil-cement has been widely used, as a basic material, in the foundation of many suchprojects, as pavement of highways as well as lining of channels and reservoirs. This paperpresents the effect of an organic additive component (Glycerol) on the mechanicalbehavior and on the properties of soil and soil-cement mixtures. Soil samples wereprepared by static compaction at maximum dry density and optimum moisture content forvarious percentages of cement and Glycerol as well for various curing durations. Resultsindicated that contaminated soil with Glycerol (3%, 6% and 9%) show lower compressivestrength as compared with natural soil. Furthermore the decrease in compressive strengthis seen to be a function of Glycerol percentage. In addition, the use of cement (3% and6%) on natural soil will cause an increase in the compressive strength. Furthermore anincrease in the compressive strength of different soil-cement samples was observed to bea function of cement percentages and curing durations. In all, soil-cement mixtures inaddition with 3% of Glycerol show greater compressive strengths as compared withuncontaminated soil-cement mixtures. However the use of higher percentages of Glycerol(6% and 9%) resulted in a noticeable decrease in strength as compared withuncontaminated soil-cement mixtures.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
141
149
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54303_eaccbc5d0dbcb58da386d299a7e7cae4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54303
Localization DGT techniques in Iran and its application in the measurement of phosphorus content in soil and water
Adel
Reyhanitabar
Assistant Professor, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture
author
Saber
Heidari
PH.D student Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture
author
Ali
Olad
Associate Professor Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz
author
text
article
2015
per
After nitrogen, between the essential nutrients, phosphorus is the most important limiting factor in agricultural yield production in the world. There are different methods for assessing the phosphorus status in soil and water. One of the new techniques in this regard is diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) techniques. This method based on the ion transport in a diffusion layer and its absorption by a resin layer. In manufacturing the gels in DGT, the material used is monopolies and patented. In this study, acrylamide - alyl agarose gel was used as the diffusion layer and ferryhydrite in acrylamide - alyl agarose gel as the resin layer in DGT assembly and the effect of diffusion coefficient in diffusive gel, diffusive gel reactivity, and phosphorus desorption kinetics from resin gel, phosphorus recovery efficiency from the resin gel and DGT performance in soil and water were examined. The results showed that the diffusion coefficient of phosphorus ions in the gel with a 0.3% of alyl agarose at 25 °C was 8.2×10-6 cm2/s and decreased with increasing alyl agarose concentrations. Phosphorous recovery efficiency from resin gel measured by 10 ml H2SO4 0.15 M was almost 100 percent. The measured P using DGT, showed a strong linear correlation (r=0.98**) with the phosphorus concentration in the examined solution. In this study, an excellent correlation (r=0.99**) between the P measured by DGT and the available P measured by the traditional Olsen method were observed in three calcareous soils, implying that DGT may be a suitable alternative method for rapid available P measurement in calcareous soils.
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
151
161
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54304_b88a85e63827a9b1e804b778831956d0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/ijswr.2015.54304
English Abstracts
text
article
2015
per
Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research
University of Tehran
2008-479X
46
v.
1
no.
2015
1
15
https://ijswr.ut.ac.ir/article_54609_53d9399d5dfbd924a41732f0f342d53f.pdf